Test 5 Flashcards
Ligaments:
Tendons:
Fascia:
L: bone to bone
T: muscle to bone
F: muscle to muscle
Articulate surfaces derive nutrients through
Synovial fluid and motion
Covers bone structures and serves as the interface b/w bone and tendon and ligaments
Periosteum
Ligaments heal best
Controlled stress motion
A spongy end feeling would indicate
Torn meniscus
The overlapping work units w/i muscles structures are know as
Sarcomeres
Concentric muscles activity
Accelerates motion
Eccentric muscle activity
Decelerates motion
Majority (60%) of muscles activity during walking is
Eccentric
Joints are held together by
Ligaments
A joint is
The moving point at which bones come together
T OR F: Normal tendons when torn loose by a sudden force, seldom brea in the middle rather, they pull away from bone at the end
TRUE
Joint stability requires:
Adequate strength
Adequate proprioception
Appropriate ROM
Proprioception is
The body’s position sense in space
The Hoffmann’s reflex is the proprioception response
Topical pressure
Adduction- abduction is determined by
Distal segment
For optimum control of motion of a joint, a brace should
Be more than half the length of each of the bones segments of the joint
A partial dislocation is referred to as
Subluxation
The sagittal plane curves in the spine contribute to
Strength and shock absorber qualities
The L5 vertebrae sits on sacrum at a
35°
Trapezius muscle involves in helping control the
Shoulders, cervical spine and throacic spine
The distal margin of the sacrum can be found
At the top of the crease of the buttocks
The intervertebral disc consists of__________ ________ and has a high _______
Annulus fibrosis and nucleus pulposus; water content as acts as a shock absorber
Herniated disc
Causes pressure on spinal nerve root
Measurements needed to select a lumbarsacral support for female?
Waist and hip
The lumbosacral joint is
Fibrocartilage tissue articulation be/w the L5 and the sacrum
Lumbosacral joint is the most vulnerable region in the spinal column because
The 5th vertebra sits on the sacrum at a 45 degree angle
Sitting in flexion for extended period of time allows which structure to adaptively shorten
Anterior longitudinal ligament
The pubic band of the hyperextension ox distributes pressure over the _______to avoid applying blades pressure
ASIS and lower abdominal
An undisplaced fracture of the lamina is called
Spondylolysis
The results of spinal stenosis include
Closed foramen
Which vertebra has no body, instead has a dens that acts like a pivot
Axis
Another name is torticollis
Wry neck syndrome
T or F: disc herniation may occur at the cervical area
True
SOMI cervical ox is unique because
One size can be used for any degree of flexion or extension
Measurement for a foam cervical collar should be
Snug neck circumference
Anterior cervical displacement in the sagittal plane is referred to as
Protraction
No intervertbral disc
C1 and C2
The A-C joint is
Acromio-calavicular joint
The shoulder joint is
A shallow ball and socket
Muscle dominated joint
Able to move in all planes
Trapezius helps the shoulders
Shrug
Rhomboid helps shoulders
Retract
Lateral Epicondylitis is
Also known as tennis elbow
Game keepers thumb involves this joint and ligament
(CMC) Carpometacarpal joint, ulnar collateral ligament
Hip abduction orthosis are usually set at a min of:
10-20° abduction
Posterior dislocation occurs 85% of the time and usually involves
Hip flexion, adduction and internal rotation
Sitting, reaching towards the uninvolved side, exiting a vehicle, leaning over, rising from low chair, toilet seat
Posterior dislocation ox management
10-20 abduction allowing 0-70° flexion
Anterior dislocation ox management
Extension range blocked at -40° and flexion up to 70° 1
(These patients often demonstrate global instability due to acetabular insufficiency- to provide rotational control a KAFO rather than a thigh cuff) seen in Dx of hip dysplasia- who have excessive femoral anteversion
Anterior dislocation is linked to
External rotation and extension- activities like reaching up on a high shelf, extending hips and trunk to move back into bed, reaching behind body while standing to put on coat
Hamstrings are made up of
Semimembranosus, semitendinsus, bicep femoris
Posterior cruciate ligament can be injured
‘Dash-board’ injury
A lateral retinacular release helps address
Patellar alignment
Genu recurvatum involves disruption of
ACL
Patella subluxation usually occurs
Lateral
Condromalacia patella may be caused by
Overpronated foot, weak vastus medialis obliquis
Condromalacia patella
A laterally tracking patella
Calcaneous rom in frontal plane
10°
Major beings in the leg are
Femoral, greater saphenous, small saphenous
Varicose beings occurs due to
Increased pressure, weakened walls of veins and blood pooling
Graduated compression stockings are used for
Lymphedema and varicosity
Sequential pneumatic compression therapy can be used to treat
venous thrombosis
The bone referred as the keystone in the medial longitudial arch is the
Navicular bone
Most foot ulcers located
1st met head
The Charcot foot is a result of (multiple theories)
Multiple micro traumas in joint-micro fractures
Increased bone resorption
Change in spinal cord leading to circulatory changes in bones and joints
Osteoporosis manifested by a abnormal brittleness of the bone leading to fx
Standard for assessing insensitive in diabetic foot is
10 gram monofilament
One touch examination, insensate foot will generally feel
Cold and dry
Shoe style most preferred for the diabetic foot is
Blucher
