Test 5 Flashcards by Allie Peterson

Ligaments:
Tendons:
Fascia:

L: bone to bone
T: muscle to bone
F: muscle to muscle

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Articulate surfaces derive nutrients through

Synovial fluid and motion

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Covers bone structures and serves as the interface b/w bone and tendon and ligaments

Periosteum

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Ligaments heal best

Controlled stress motion

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A spongy end feeling would indicate

Torn meniscus

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The overlapping work units w/i muscles structures are know as

Sarcomeres

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Concentric muscles activity

Accelerates motion

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Eccentric muscle activity

Decelerates motion

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Majority (60%) of muscles activity during walking is

Eccentric

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Joints are held together by

Ligaments

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A joint is

The moving point at which bones come together

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T OR F: Normal tendons when torn loose by a sudden force, seldom brea in the middle rather, they pull away from bone at the end

TRUE

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Joint stability requires:

Adequate strength
Adequate proprioception
Appropriate ROM

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Proprioception is

The body’s position sense in space

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The Hoffmann’s reflex is the proprioception response

Topical pressure

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Adduction- abduction is determined by

Distal segment

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For optimum control of motion of a joint, a brace should

Be more than half the length of each of the bones segments of the joint

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A partial dislocation is referred to as

Subluxation

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The sagittal plane curves in the spine contribute to

Strength and shock absorber qualities

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The L5 vertebrae sits on sacrum at a

35°

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Trapezius muscle involves in helping control the

Shoulders, cervical spine and throacic spine

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The distal margin of the sacrum can be found

At the top of the crease of the buttocks

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The intervertebral disc consists of__________ ________ and has a high _______

Annulus fibrosis and nucleus pulposus; water content as acts as a shock absorber

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Herniated disc

Causes pressure on spinal nerve root

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Measurements needed to select a lumbarsacral support for female?

Waist and hip

The lumbosacral joint is

Fibrocartilage tissue articulation be/w the L5 and the sacrum

Lumbosacral joint is the most vulnerable region in the spinal column because

The 5th vertebra sits on the sacrum at a 45 degree angle

Sitting in flexion for extended period of time allows which structure to adaptively shorten

Anterior longitudinal ligament

The pubic band of the hyperextension ox distributes pressure over the _______to avoid applying blades pressure

ASIS and lower abdominal

An undisplaced fracture of the lamina is called

Spondylolysis

The results of spinal stenosis include

Closed foramen

Which vertebra has no body, instead has a dens that acts like a pivot

Axis

Another name is torticollis

Wry neck syndrome

T or F: disc herniation may occur at the cervical area

True

SOMI cervical ox is unique because

One size can be used for any degree of flexion or extension

Measurement for a foam cervical collar should be

Snug neck circumference

Anterior cervical displacement in the sagittal plane is referred to as

Protraction

No intervertbral disc

C1 and C2

The A-C joint is

Acromio-calavicular joint

The shoulder joint is

A shallow ball and socket Muscle dominated joint Able to move in all planes

Trapezius helps the shoulders

Shrug

Rhomboid helps shoulders

Retract

Lateral Epicondylitis is

Also known as tennis elbow

Game keepers thumb involves this joint and ligament

(CMC) Carpometacarpal joint, ulnar collateral ligament

Hip abduction orthosis are usually set at a min of:

10-20° abduction

Posterior dislocation occurs 85% of the time and usually involves

Hip flexion, adduction and internal rotation Sitting, reaching towards the uninvolved side, exiting a vehicle, leaning over, rising from low chair, toilet seat

Posterior dislocation ox management

10-20 abduction allowing 0-70° flexion

Anterior dislocation ox management

Extension range blocked at -40° and flexion up to 70° 1 (These patients often demonstrate global instability due to acetabular insufficiency- to provide rotational control a KAFO rather than a thigh cuff) seen in Dx of hip dysplasia- who have excessive femoral anteversion

Anterior dislocation is linked to

External rotation and extension- activities like reaching up on a high shelf, extending hips and trunk to move back into bed, reaching behind body while standing to put on coat

Hamstrings are made up of

Semimembranosus, semitendinsus, bicep femoris

Posterior cruciate ligament can be injured

'Dash-board' injury

A lateral retinacular release helps address

Patellar alignment

Genu recurvatum involves disruption of

ACL

Patella subluxation usually occurs

Lateral

Condromalacia patella may be caused by

Overpronated foot, weak vastus medialis obliquis

Condromalacia patella

A laterally tracking patella

Calcaneous rom in frontal plane

10°

Major beings in the leg are

Femoral, greater saphenous, small saphenous

Varicose beings occurs due to

Increased pressure, weakened walls of veins and blood pooling

Graduated compression stockings are used for

Lymphedema and varicosity

Sequential pneumatic compression therapy can be used to treat

venous thrombosis

The bone referred as the keystone in the medial longitudial arch is the

Navicular bone

Most foot ulcers located

1st met head

The Charcot foot is a result of (multiple theories)

Multiple micro traumas in joint-micro fractures Increased bone resorption Change in spinal cord leading to circulatory changes in bones and joints Osteoporosis manifested by a abnormal brittleness of the bone leading to fx

Standard for assessing insensitive in diabetic foot is

10 gram monofilament

One touch examination, insensate foot will generally feel

Cold and dry

Shoe style most preferred for the diabetic foot is

Blucher