Test 2 Flashcards by Allie Peterson

Medial upright of a KAFO For an adult should terminate proximally:

3.8cm (1.5 in) distal to perineum

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You are laying out a tracing for a KAFO and genuine varus is evident. The mid-saggital line should extend from the perineum through a point:

3.2cm (1.25in) medial to the medial malleolus

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The hip joint is most stable during stance when the weightl line is

Posterior to joint

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The pelvic band on an HKAFO should be located

Midway b/w the iliac crest and the greater trochanter of the femur

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A metal single axis (free motion) orthotic hep joint will control all the following motions at the hip except:

Extension:

Will control abduction, adduction, in and ex rotation

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An infant with bilateral dislocated hips is usually fitted with an ox that will hold hips in:

Flexion and abduction

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The major flexor muscle of the hip is

Iliopsoas

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What anatomical structure prevents excessive hip hyperextension

Iliofemoral ligament- strongest in body

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Promote healing in a case of leg-perthes’ disease, an ox should hold the hip joint in:

Internal rotation and abduction

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KAFO’s are seldom prescribed for paraplegic patents with leasions above:

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A soft cervical collar is most effective in

Minimizing forward flexion

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Which of the following muscles remain functional in a quadriplegic patient with a complete lesion below the c6 root

Extensor Capri radialis brevis

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The superior articulating surfaces of the atlas articulate with the:

Occipital condyles

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The orthotic treatment indicated for a fracture of T3 is:

CTO (SOMI)

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Which of the following offers the greatest immobilization for a fx of the odontoid

4 post w/ body jacket
SOMI with head band
*Halo-jacket
Milwaukee CTLSO

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WHEN casting for the Milwaukee CTLSO, the patients pelvis should be in what position?

Flexed

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The theory of the CTLSO with throat mold and occipital pads (Milwaukee brace) with treating scoliosis is that the lateral pressure must be coupled with:

Active distraction

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Which of the following is a conditions is a Milwaukee CTLSO not recommended:

Curves greater than 60 degrees

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Measurements for a TLSO ( anterior hyperextension) should be taken with the patient in what position

Lying supine

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Spondylitis

Inflammation of vertebrae…?

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Spondylolisthesis

Anterior displacement of one vertebra on the next inferior vertebra

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Spondylosis

Degenerative OA

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SPONDYLOLYSIS

Breakage

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Primary purpose of the axillary straps on a TLSO (Taylor ox) is to resist:

Should girdle and thoracic motion

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Avg. adult, the knee joint in a KAFO should be located

3/4" proximal to medial tibial plateau

A patient wears a metal KAFO demonstrates excessive knee flexion when standing. To correct this problem, the othotist should deepen the:

Calf band

When reducing a knee flexion contracture with an ox, the major problem is watch for

Posterior subluxation of the tibia on the femur

The ox. Of choice for a patient with good hip control but fair minus quads is

SCO, GRAFO

Which nerve innervates the sartorius muscle of thigh

Femoral

The obituary or innervates what muscle

Adductor longus

What is the major function of parapodium

Stabilizes the lower limb and spine

Anteroposterior instability of the knee is causes by a tear of which of ligaments

Cruciate

Which of the following would be the best ox for a patient with a complex neurological lesion just below t12

KAFO which double stop ankle joint

A complete lesion of the femoral nerve at the level of the inguinal ligament would affect

Hip flexion

Compared to the balmoral style, the major advantage of the Boucher style shoe is

Easier donning

The subtalar joint is an articulation b/w the talus and the:

Calcaneus

Reverse last or outflare shoes are generally prescribed to control

Forefoot adduction

Which shoe modification is designed to simulate df

Rocker bar

Muscles pass directly posterior to the medial malleolus

Flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus

The major problem with using torsion shafts (twisters) to correct for excessive rotation of the leg

Difficulty with localizing rotary forces

Inversion and version of the hindfoot occur at which of the following joints

Subtalar

When selecting an AFO for a patient who demonstrates both knee instability at heel strike and genu recurvatum at midstance, the most effective ankle joint to use should be:

Solid ankle

When a 120 lb man is standing normally how much weight is borne on his left first metatarsal head?

60lbs- 1/3 weight

Loss of power in the gastrocnius soleus group indicates injury to which of the following nerves

Tibial

The gastrocnemius produces which of the following knee and ankle motion

Knee- flexion | Ankle- pf

Muscles part of the pretibial group

Extensor hallucis longus, tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus ( tom dick harry)

In a metal AFO with a lock ankle joint, which of the following help diminish a knee flexion moment at heel strike

Adding a SACH heel wedge

The recommended ox for an adult hemispheric with spastic gastrocnemius and soleus is

AFO with pf stop

If the patient has more internal tibial torsion than a KAFO allows the foot will be forced to do what

Evert

Peroneus longus muscles causes what motions at the foot and ankle

Foot- eversion | Ankle- pf

Inflammation about the spinal cord and brain is known as

Meningitis

High heel shoes tend to increase

Lordosis

Volar surface is the same as

Palmar surface

What muscle enters its primary action on the PIP joints

Flexor digitorum superficialis

What action of the first dorsal interosseous muscle on the index metacarpophalangeal joint are to

Flex and abduct

In the HO which component hold the thumb in abduction

C-bar

The most appropriate device for a patient with a median and ulnar nerve laceration at the wrist is:

HO (short opponent with M-P stop)

Adduction and abduction of the fingers occur at which of the following joints

Metacarpophalangeal

The intrinsic muscles (lumbricals and interossei) of the hand function to produce which of the following actions at the metacarpophalangeal and inter phalange also joints

MCP joint-flexion | IP joint-extension

An MP STOP should stabilize the metacarpophanlangeal joint in what degree of flexion

Which if the following is a function of the serrated anterior muscle

Rotation of the scapula

Which of the following is the birth injury to the brachial plexus

Klumpke's palsy

A musculocutaneous nervous lesion will cause loss of function of which of the following muscles

Biceps

Erb's palsy refers to paralysis from injury to the

Upper trunk of the brachial plexus

The medial epicondyles of the humerus serves as the origin for which of the following muscles group

Finger flexors

Primary action of the brachioradialis muscles is to

Flex the elbow

Which of the following muscles in the forearm does not cross the wrist joint

Brachirodialis

A local physician ask your opinion on fitting a complete brachial plexus injury with a functional orthosis. Which problem can be anticipated

Shoulder subluxation is difficult to control

Ox to immobilize a fracture of the carpal navicular must include the

Mp joint on the thumb

Following structures pass through the carpal tunnel

Median nerve, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicus longus

THE WHFOs: engen-TIRR, Rancho, and RIC are all what?

Wrist tenodesis orthosis

Most effective for hand lacking thumb abductor strength

C-bar

Metacarpophalangeal hyperextension and interphalangeal semi-flexion of the ring and little finger characterize a lesion of which nerve at the wrist

Ulnar

Flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint is accomplished by which muscle and nerve

Flexor digitorum profundus (median)

Orthosis indicated for a median nerve palsy at the wrist

HO- basic opponents orthosis

Patients who have good extensor digitorum communis function but loss of intrinsics would require a hand orthosis with what component

An IP extension assist...?( look up why)

Sensation is transmitted through which of the following structures of spinal cord?

Dorsal branch of the nerve roots

Describe an aponeurosis

A thin flattened tendon

During normal human locomotion, how much does the center of gravity shift from Side to side

2 inches

Primary tissue involved in rheumatoid arthritis

Synovial membrane

Charcot joint results from

Disruption of the sensory pathoways to the joint

The most effective way to obtain max support with a metal spinal orthosis is to wear it with

A corset

A guide in measuring the distance b/w posterior uprights on a lumbosacral ox is

Paraspinal muscles

Lateral bending of the spine always includes what additional motion

Rotation

Hydrocephalus may accompany

Spina bifida??

Name 3 upper motor neuron lesions

Cva, ms, spinal cord transection

A hernia support should be fit while patient is in

Supine

A good purchase on the pelvis is required in spinal orthotics to

Increase intra abdominal pressure

Lordosis can result from

Collapse of lumbar vertebral bodies

Cauda equina refers to the

Nerve roots below the level of the spinal cord

Increasing intraabdominal pressure by using spinal orthoses has the effect of

Limiting diaphragmatic respiration

Which of the following orthoses would best treat spondylolisthesis

Lso- chair back

For maximum leverage with an LSO, it should extend from the

Sacroccoygeal area to 1" below the inferior angle of the scapula

Lateral stability of the pelvis in stance phase is accomplished through the action of what muscle

Gluteus medius

Extension of the vertebral column is a function of which the following muscles

Erector spinal

Which of the following ox is most effective for scoliosis curves with apex above t7

CTLSO - Milwaukee

Most commonly prescribed external support for lower back pain is the

LSO

Which of the following ox will most effectively treat juvenile epiphysitis of the spine (scheuermann's disease)?

CTLSO-MILWAUKEE

Which nerve divides into the common peroneal and tibial nerves of the distal thigh

Sciatic

What is a disadvantage of the round caliper shoe attachment

Mechanical joint axis distal to anatomical axis

Which metal ankle joint is the functional equivalent of a plastic AFO trimmed anterior to the malleolus

Double stop

The correct location of the mechanical ankle joint is at

the distal border of the medial malleolus

DF stop performs same as the functions of which muscle

Gastroc-soleus

Major functions of the tibialis anterior muscle

Df and inversion

In the absence of a functional TA, the muscle anatomically best suited to assume its role is the:

Extensor hallucis longus