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Music Appreciation > test 5 > Flashcards

test 5 Flashcards

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Ultimate Music Theory flashcards
1
Q

years of 20th century music

A

1900-2000

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2
Q

style traits

A

Harmony (biggest dividing line) emancipation of dissonance

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3
Q

frees harmony from having to move from tension to rest

A

emancipation of dissonance

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4
Q

polytonality

A

more than one key being defined

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5
Q

atonality

A

all twelve tones have equal importance. no tonal center being defined

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6
Q

expanded tonality

A

tonal center still defined, but all other 12 tones are used as well

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7
Q

serialism

A

12 tones arranged in a specific order or series. type of atonality

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8
Q

rhythm

A

disregards past patterns, use of polyrhythms and polymeters

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9
Q

Post-romanticism

A

composers carry on Wagnerian traditions. ex: Richard Strauss &Gustav Mahler

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10
Q

impressionists painters

A

ex: monet. Light reflection, subtle, hazy

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11
Q

symbolist poets

A

suggest rather than describe

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12
Q

impressionistic music

A

timbre/orchestration equate to painters’ color.

Ambiguous harmonies and rhythms equate to poets’ ambiguous words

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13
Q

impressionistic style traits

A 
whole tone scales, non western. 
downbeats accented, "blurry" rhythms
parallel chords, 9th chords
smaller forms, rejecting large forms of Germanic music
Originated in Paris
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14
Q

Tone Row

A

specific ordering of all 12 pitches

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15
Q

Trasposition

A

tone row heard at a higher or lower register

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16
Q

Retrograde

A

tone row played backwards

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17
Q

inversion

A

tone row played upside down

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18
Q

retrograde inversinos

A

tone row played upside down and backwards

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19
Q

matrix

A

chart that shows all possible forms of tone row

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20
Q

Arnold Schoenberg

A

invented 12-tone system

worked in vienna and later in America

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21
Q

2nd Viennese School of Composers

A

Schoenberg, Alban Berg and Anton Webern (Schoenberg’s students)

22
Q

Sprechstimme

A

speechlike style of singing using approximated pitches

23
Q

Klangfarbanmelodie

A

tone color melody; use of different instruments for different pitches of a melody

24
Q

National Schools in France

A

‘Les Six’ -D. Milhaud, F. Poulenc

Objective, understated, elegant

25
Q

National Schools in Russia

A

D. Shoshtakovich,
S. Prokofiev,
S. Rachmaninov
A. Scrabin

26
Q

National Schools in German

A

P. Hindemith
C. Oriff
K. Weill

27
Q

Romantic Nationalism

A

In response to political unrest, used folk music to stir emotions

28
Q

20th Century Nationalisim

A

More objective/scientific, Studied folk music for its nontraditional scale music

29
Q

Bela Botrok

A

wrote “interpreted intermezzo” from Concerto for Orchestra

30
Q

Primitive sounding rhythms

A

percussive dissonances

31
Q

Ostinatos

A

Repeated figures

32
Q

Bartok Bizzakato

A

snapping fingers agains strings to create a percussive sound, used folk elements, traditional forms, incorporates unfamiliar scales, frees him from tyrannical rule of major and minor keys

33
Q

Igor Stravinksy

A

Uses Primitivism, percussive dissonant harmonies and ostinato figures, polytonality, serialism and neoclassicalisim

34
Q

Rite of Spring

A

Ancient Russian Sacrificial ceremonies

35
Q

Primitivism

A

Depictions of prehistoric culture,

36
Q

George Crumb

A

“Ancient Voices of Children” -song cycle

37
Q

Avante-garde

A

new styles and techniques; cutting edge and experimental. Literally “advance guard” at the front of progress

38
Q

Extended Technique

A

playing instruments or using voice in unconventional manners

39
Q

Gyorgi Ligeti

A

Often emulates electronic or mechanized music with natural instruments

40
Q

Tone clusters

A

groups of close intervals played together

41
Q

John Cage

A

(1912-1992) No boundary or a vague one between music and noise

42
Q

Prepared Piano

A

Piano who’s sound is altered by insertion of various materials (metal, rubber, leather, paper) between strings, invented by J. Cage

43
Q

Aleatoric (‘Chance’)

A

Music that is composed using indeterminacy (rolling dice, ect.)

44
Q

Imaginary Landscape

A

Playing random radio stations together and seeing what comes out

45
Q

Musique Concrete

A

natural sounds records on tape then manipulated (different speeds, reversed, processed thru filters)

46
Q

Electronic music

A

electronically produced sounds by an oscillator. waveforms are altered with filters

47
Q

Stockhausen’s “Song of Youth”

A

uses natal and electronic music

48
Q

Minimalism

A

repetition of short harmonic, melodic or rhythmic patterns with little variation

49
Q

Electric Counterpoint

A

by Steve Reich, minimalism

50
Q

Arvo Part

A

Spiritual Minimalism

51
Q

Tintinnabular style

A

bell-like style developed by Estonian composer Arvo Part, achieved by weaving conduct lines that hover around a central pitch; from latin word for bell

Music Appreciation (3 decks)

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