Test 5 Flashcards
How did Automobiles change American society in the twenties?
It helped the steel, glass, rubber, gasoline, and construction industries. It also changed courting and dating rituals.
What was a flapper?
Flappers were young women that challenged the norm by wearing dresses hemmed at the knee, bobbing their hair and smoking and drinking in public.
What was Eugenics?
Eugenics was a pseudo - scientific belief that the human race could be improved by breeding.
How did heroes change in the 1920s? Who was Charles Lindbergh?
Political heroes gave way to sports champions. Charles Lindbergh was the best known hero of the time. He was an aviator who flew nonstop across the Atlantic Ocean from Long Island to Paris in 1927. His son was also kidnapped in March of 1932.
What was the scandal of the Harding Administration?
After he died, scandals emerged. The Teapot Dome scandal involved secretary of interior Albert Fall for allowing drilling on naval oil reserves in Wyoming. He had been taking bribes.
What amendment repealed Prohibition?
21st Amendment
What was the Scopes trial outcome? What conflict was expressed in the trial? Who were the attorneys involved?
Scopes was found guilty and fined $100 but that was eventually overturned. The conflict of whether or not evolution should be taught in schools (separation of church and state). Clarence Darrow (Scopes’ attorney) going against William Jennings Bryan.
What was the music of youth and rebellion during the 20s and what made it available?
Jazz was the music of youth; it was new and modern and expressed rebellion. Phonographs and radio made it widely available.
What was the Tin Pan Alley?
It was a section of New York City that began to emerge as the capital of music publishing.
What was the “Lost Generation” and who belonged to it?
The Lost Generation was a group of young authors that portrayed the disillusionment after the Great War. Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sinclair Lewis and more.
What was the flourishing of African-American culture in the 20s?
The Harlem Renaissance was the awakening of African-American culture.
Who were Georgia O’Keefe, Edward Hooper, Frank Lloyd Wright?
Frank Lloyd was a famous architect. Edward Hooper and Georgia O’Keefe were both painters that gained national attention.
Who were Sacco and Vanzetti and what did their trial represent?
Nicola Sacco and Bartholomeo Vanzetti were in the words of their supporters “a good shoemaker and a poor fish peddler” They were prosecuted and in the end executed because they were radicals and immigrants. The trial represented America’s fear at the time, Xenophobia, during the Red Scare.
What immigration laws were passed during this time and what did they try to do?
America began to cut off and restrict immigration during this time period through the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 and the Immigration Act of 1924. The Acts set quotas for the number of new immigrants from any given country Immigration from Asia was also stopped.
What were the causes of the Great Depression (The Crash)?
a) Surface wealth of 1920s
b) agricultural depression
c) mass consumption
d) bad banking practices
e) over producing/ mechanization
Essentially there was not enough money to buy the consumer goods available.
How did the Depression influence the American economy?
Industrial Production and construction were down. Unemployment was up. Banks and business failed. There was a decline in investment in capital goods.
What was the difference between the response of Hoover and Roosevelt to the depression?
Hoover believed that the economic recovery of the U.S. depended primarily on the business community. He supported federal loans to private businesses and to state and local governments. Unlike Hoover, FDR favored direct federal relief to individuals and used defect spending on public works to help.
What was the TVA?
Tennessee Valley Authority that developed electricity measure.
What was the CCC?
Civilian Conservation Corps had young men in reforestry, flood control which provided preparation for World War II
What was the WPA?
Works progress Admin which helps writers and artists.
What was the AAA?
Agricultural Adjustment Act which paid farmers to not grow crops in a certain patch so they would decrease production.
What was the NIRA?
National Industrial Recovery Act - a law passed by the US Congress in 1933 to authorize the President to regulate industry in an attempt to raise prices after severe deflation and stimulate economic recovery.
What was Social Security?
A federal pension system funded by taxes on workers’ wages and by equivalent employer contribution.
What did the CCC, TVA, WPA, and PWA have in common?
They were all acts that helped the economy during the Great Depression. All part of the New Deal by FDR.
What was the court packing plan?
The Court Packing Plan was a bad one. The Supreme Court Declared key parts of the New Deal unconstitutional. FDR responded by attempting to add more justices to the Supreme Court who would favor his programs.
What were the Fireside Chats?
Fireside chats were Franklin D. Roosevelt on the radio speaking to his country, America.
What was the Dust Bowl?
The Dust Bowl was a severe drought in the Great Plains that created poor farming and high winds that blew away millions of tons of dried topsoil.
What illness did FDR suffer from?
Polio and was paralyzed in 1921
What did the depression do to these groups – African Americans? Women? Hispanics? Native Americans?
African Americans were never directly addressed but included in the New Deal. Women left the work force and were excluded from agencies. Hispanics - no help for migrant workers, non citizens were deported. Native Americans were sent back to reservations, abandoned the Dawes Severalty Act.
