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US History > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What were Tocqueville’s 5 values crucial to success as a Constitutional Republic?

A

Liberty, Egalitarianism, Individualism, Populism, Laissez-faire

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2
Q

How did the first Americans get here?

A

Christopher Columbus discovered America by ship

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3
Q

What were the reasons for the shift in European interest toward colonization? What did they want?

A

They seemed economical profit for the mother country , England. They wanted gold

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4
Q

What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?

A

Pope divided the World with line of Demarcation. Half Spain and Half Portugal and later the line was moved to give Brazil to Portugal.

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5
Q

Who was Christopher Columbus?

A

Italian who sailed for Spain on the Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria and he sailed west to find water route to the East and returned with Gold which encouraged more exploration.

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6
Q

Who was Coronado?

A

Sailed for Spain and claimed/discovered the Mississippi/American Southwest

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7
Q

Who was Cortes?

A

Sailed for Spain and conquered the Aztecs

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8
Q

Who was De la Salle?

A

Sailed for France and sailed Mississippi River into Gulf of Mexico and named Louisiana after King Louis XIV

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9
Q

Who was Champlain?

A

Sailed for France and set up the first permanent French Colony (Quebec-1608)

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10
Q

Who was Moctezuma?

A

Fifth Aztec emperor and King of Tehochtitlan

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11
Q

Who was Amerigo Vespucci?

A

An italian on a Portuguese expedition, he explored South America “led to the suggestion that “New World” had been discovered. He named America, thinking he had arrived before Columbus

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12
Q

Who was Marco Polo?

A

Wanted an all water route to india for trad

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13
Q

What was the legacy of the Spanish colonization?

A

language, religion, architecture: one story, adobe/stone, arched doors, courtyards, high ceilings, tile roofs, domed churches, rectangular bell towers. food and animals, oranges, lemons, olives, sugar cane, wheat, rice, cows, pigs, horses, donkeys.

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14
Q

What was the Encomienda System?

A

grants land and Indians in return for promise of Christianization system was used.

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15
Q

What is the oldest continually occupied European colony in the United States?

A

St. Augustine, Florida (1565)

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16
Q

What was the legacy of French colonization?

A

Religion: spread through mission systems. Customs/language: areas settled spoke french (Quebec still today) French mixed into languages spoken in Louisiana and Geographic Terms

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17
Q

Who was John Cabot?

A

Italian navigator and explorer whose 1497 discovery of parts of North America under the commission of Henry VII of England is the first European encounter.

18
Q

Who was John Hawkins?

A

English Naval Commander and administrator. merchant, navigator, ship builder, and slave trader.

19
Q

Who was Sir Walter Raleigh?

A

English aristocrat, writer, poet, soldier, politician, courtier, spy and explorer. He is also well known for popularizing tobacco in England.

20
Q

Define Mercantilism.

A

Economic philosophy of 1600 that colonies existed to serve mother country, believed one nation’s gain was another’s loss, believed in government regulation (export more than important in trade)

21
Q

What happened to the first English attempt at settlement?

A

Roanoke. Everyone dissappered

22
Q

When was Jamestown founded?

A

1607

23
Q

What was the Headright System

A

used by virginia company to attract colonists, promised land (50 acres) to immigrate, (50 acres) for each servant, made use of indentured servants popular

24
Q

What does the term Croatoan mean? Where was it found?

A

it’s the basis of one of the oldest mysteries in America. The lost colony of Roanoke.

25
Q

What was James I’s guarantee to English settlers?

A

that they would still be English men with the same rights

26
Q

What was the “Starving Time”?

A

A time of starvation in Jamestown following the departure of John Smith. Colonists depended upon trade with the local natives for food. Conflict with the natives limited the colonists ability to trade for food. Led to the introduction of reforms that helped with survival.

27
Q

What were the success factors in Jamestown?

A

semi-good relationship with the natives so they could trade with them

28
Q

What was the House of Burgesses?

A

Representative assembly in Virginia, voting first give to all free men, later to those who owned 50 acres of land. First elected legislature in America.

29
Q

Who was Pocahontas?

A

Virginia Indian, daughter of Powhatan, the one that saved John Smith’s life

30
Q

Who was Powhatan?

A

Paramount chief of Tsenacommacah

31
Q

Who was John Smith?

A

English soldier, explorer, and author. played an important role in the establishment of the first permanent English settlement

32
Q

Who was John Rolfe?

A

one of the early English settlers. credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco. Pocahontas’ husband.

33
Q

What were the three types of colonies in the New World?

A

Joint stock colony - colonists were basically members of a corporation
Royal colony - had a governor selected by the King (who had total control of the colony)
Proprietary colony - were owned by individuals (who were directly responsible to the King)

34
Q

Why did the Pilgrims leave England?

A

in seek of religious freedom. Separatists were those that left the church of England in seek for the one they wanted.

35
Q

Where had they fled before they traveled to the New World?

A

Holland

36
Q

Who was Anne Bolynne?

A

Queen of England from 1533 to 1536 as the second wife of King Henry VII

37
Q

What was the Mayflower Compact? and why is it important?

A

agreement to form a government and submit to will of majority. swear allegiance to King

38
Q

Who was William Bradford?

A

English separatists, leader in Leiden, Holland and Plymouth Colony. signed the Mayflower Compact.

39
Q

How does the English Puritanism related to the American ides of self-reliance and morality?

A

They both believe in hard work in order to get what you want

40
Q

What were the differences/similarities between Spanish, French, and English relations with natives?

A

The Spanish had them as slaves, the French treated them nicely, even intermarried and the English traded with them and had Pocahontas to abide for them.

US History (6 decks)

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