Test 5

Question 1

What are 4 examples of chromosomal mutations?

Answer 1

-Deletion
-Duplication
-Inversion
-Translocation

Question 2

List the types of substitutions.

Answer 2

-missense
-silent
-nonsense

Question 3

What does the word “mutation” mean

Answer 3

-to change

Question 4

Mutations that produce changes in a single gene are called

Answer 4

point mutations

Question 5

What are the 3 stop codons?

Answer 5

-UAA, UAG, and UGA

Question 6

A series of 3 mRNA nitrogen bases that contain the information needed to make proteins are called what?

Answer 6

-Anticodons

Question 7

What enzyme is responsible for transcription?

Answer 7

-RNA Polymerase

Question 8

How does mRNA move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of a cell?

Answer 8

-through its nuclear pores

Question 9

Name the complementary strands of a DNA molecule.

Answer 9

-Adenine, Cytosine, Thymine, and Guanine
(-Uracil replaces thymine in RNA)

Question 10

What does DNA polymerase do?

Answer 10

-It joins individual nucleotides to produce a “new” DNA molecule and make a perfect copy

Question 11

What holds DNA molecules together?

Answer 11

-hydrogen bonds

Question 12

What is the backbone of DNA made up of?

Answer 12

-Phosphate groups

Question 13

What are purines? How many rings do they have?

Answer 13

-Adenine and Guanine, they have 2 rings

Question 14

What are pyrimidines? How many rings do they have?

Answer 14

-Thymine and Cytosine, they have 1 ring

Question 15

What enzyme “unzips” the 2 strands of DNA in DNA replication?

Answer 15

-Helicase and Polymerase