Test 5

Question 1

What is standard of care?

Answer 1

Treat the patient to the best of his or her ability and provide care that a reasonable, prudent person with similar training would provide under similar circumstances.

Question 2

When correcting a blocked airway, what is the first step you should take?

Answer 2

Position the head properly to open the airway.

Question 3

What is the difference between informed consent and implied consent?

Answer 3

Informed consent- required in writing explanation of a procedure, with time to ask questions
Implied consent- assumed

Question 4

What is one thing required of all patients who are not breathing?

Answer 4

Administer rescue breathing.

Question 5

Know what AVPU is and how you would use this scale in your patient assessment.

Answer 5

AVPU stands for Alert, Verbal, Pain, and Unconscious. It is used to measure a patient’s mental status/level of consciousness.

Question 6

What are the main objective of the primary assessment?

Answer 6

To determine the patient’s responsiveness by checking the ABCs and chief complaint.

Question 7

How do you measure for proper oral airway adjunct size?

Answer 7

From the earlobe to the corner of the patient’s mouth.

Question 8

What is the first thing you should do during scene size-up?

Answer 8

Ensure that the scene is safe.

Question 9

How can you use the skin to assess decreased circulation to a part of the body (how would the skin appear?)

Answer 9

The skin would appear pale/white.

Question 10

What type of lubricant should be used for a nasophayngeal airway?

Answer 10

Water-soluble.

Question 11

Can a nasal airway be used on a conscious patient? What about on an unconscious one?

Answer 11

Can be used in both conscious and unconscious patients who are unable to maintain an open airway.

Question 12

Be able to distinguish between absence, generalized, petit mal, and febrile seizures.

Answer 12

Absence- Brief lapse of attention, patient may stare and not respond
Generalized- All muscle groups contract for about 1-2 minutes
Petit mal- Absence seizures were formerly known as petit mal seizures
Febrile- Seizures caused by an increase in body temperature, occurs in children

Question 13

In which position should you place a patient who has congestive heart failure?

Answer 13

Sitting position.

Question 14

Know your SAMPLE history and what each part stands for.

Answer 14

Signs/symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Pertinent past medical history
Last oral intake
Events leading up to illness or injury

Question 15

What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?

Answer 15

Sign- can be seen, heard, felt, smelled, or measured
Symptom- something the patient reports as a problem or feeling

Question 16

By which routes can a poison enter the body?

Answer 16

Ingestion, inhalation, injection, absorption

Question 17

What are the signs and symptoms of shock?

Answer 17

Rapid shallow breathing, cold clammy skin, rapid weak pulse, low blood pressure

Question 18

What is the most common and effective way to control external bleeding?

Answer 18

Direct pressure

Question 19

Know what abrasion, puncture, laceration, and avulsion wounds are and what can cause each.

Answer 19

Abrasion- Loss or damage of skin as a result of
puncture, laceration, a body part being rubbed or scraped across a rough or hard surface
Puncture- A wound resulting from a bullet,
what can cause each knife, ice pick, splinter, or any other pointed object
Laceration- An irregular cut or tear through the skin
Avulsion- An injury in which a piece of skin is torn completely loose or is left hanging as a flap

Question 20

Which type of blood vessel, if cut, is the most serious type of bleeding?

Answer 20

Arterial

Question 21

Know the signs of fractures, dislocations, sprains, and strains.

Answer 21

Fractures- The bone is broken and the overlying skin is lacerated
Dislocations- Joint will look visibly deformed or out of place
Sprains/strains- Swelling, bruising, unwillingness to move the extremity

Question 22

How many times, at least, should assessment for circulation, sensation, and movement distal to the injury be performed whenever a splint is applied?

Answer 22

Twice. Before and after splinting

Question 23

What should emergency care of a patient who had a painful, deformed femur include?

Answer 23

Applying a rigid or soft splint, calming and reassuring the patient, and immobilizing the femur

Question 24

Which common disease, when it occurs in older patients can quickly result in death?

Answer 24

pneumonia

Question 25

During labor, how is crowning determined?

Answer 25

When the newborn’s head appears at the vaginal opening

Question 26

Rapid transportation to the hospital should occur with which of the following complications (umbilical cord prolapse, stillborn delivery, miscarriage, unbroken bag of waters).

Answer 26

Umbilical cord prolapse

Question 27

Normal breathing rate of a newborn should be?

Answer 27

30-60 breaths per minute

Question 28

The most common cause of seizure in children is what?

Answer 28

Fever

Question 29

What procedures should you use to remove a foreign body airway obstruction in a conscious infant?

Answer 29

The proper procedure for dislodging a foreign body airway obstruction in an infant is to perform back blows/slaps followed by chest thrusts.

Question 30

What is the Pediatric Assessment triangle and what are its components?

Answer 30

The Pediatric Assessment triangle is a way to form a general impression of a pediatric patient’s condition as part of the primary assessment. The components are appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to skin

Question 31

What is the START triage system?

Answer 31

Lets EMRs triage each patient in 60 seconds or less based on breathing, circulation, and mental status (to identify patients in most need of immediate transport).

Question 32

Besides drowning, what is another major concern associated with ice rescue situations?

Answer 32

hypothermia

Question 33

An area contaminated by hazardous materials is often referred to as

Answer 33

hot zone

Question 34

What should you remember about emergency warning devices during your response to the scene?

Answer 34

They request the right of way - not guarantee it

Question 35

When parking your emergency vehicle at the scene of a crash, what should you do?

Answer 35

At a 45 degree angle to traffic, taking up multiple lanes

Question 36

What should you do when transferring care of the patient to other EMS personnel?

Answer 36

Give them a brief report of situation and tell them what care you have provided → Ask them if they have any questions for you → Offer to assist them in caring for patient.

Question 37

What is the most common cause of seizures in children?

Answer 37

fever

Question 38

How do you relieve a foreign body obstruction in a conscious patient?

Answer 38

Heimlich maneuver

Question 39

What is your primary responsibility, as an EMR, when responding to a report of nerve agent release?

Answer 39

Ensure personal safety, so as not to become contaminated

Question 40

What should be recorded in your patient care report?

Answer 40

You should record the patient’s chief complaint, pertinent medical conditions, and the treatment you administered to the patient.

Question 41

What does treatment of a hypothermic patient include?

Answer 41

Move patient to a warm location → Remove wet clothing → Place warm blankets over and under patient → If patient is conscious, give warm fluids to drink → If you do not have access to a building, move patient into a heated vehicle.

Question 42

What should you do if you have a patient who is agitated, disruptive, or violent?

Answer 42

Wait for adequete assistance