EMR 2nd Test

Question 1

What are some common causes of respiratory arrest?

Answer 1

Choking
llness
Chronic condition
Electrocution
Irregular heartbeat
Heart attack
Injury to heart, brain stem, chest, lungs, abdomen, or head
Allergic reaction
Poisoning
Emotional distress
Drowning

Question 2

What can you assume about the patient’s airway if they are able speak to you?

Answer 2

The airway is not completely blocked and some air can pass through.

Question 3

What is another name for the oropharynx (oral pharynx)?

Answer 3

The middle part of the throat that connects to the oral cavity (mouth).

Question 4

What is the procedure for inserting an oral airway in an adult?

Answer 4

Rotate the airway 180 degrees until the flange rests on the patient’s teeth.

Question 5

Which technique will most likely enable you to deliver adequate volume when ventilating a patient with a bag-mask device?

Answer 5

Place the middle, ring, and pinky finger over the mask, forming a “C” and applying pressure to the mask.

Question 6

When providing mouth-to-mask rescue breathing to a 17 year old male patient, you note that his abdomen appears to be distended. What should you do?

Answer 6

Breathe slowly into the patient’s mouth until the chest rises visibly.

Question 7

A 70 year old woman was found unconscious in her bed. She has a pulse, but is gurgling when she breathes. What should you do?

Answer 7

Roll the patient onto her side, carefully sweep out her mouth with your finger (OR use a suction device), and reassess her breathing.

Question 8

A patient clutches their throat and does not respond to you when you ask if they are choking. What do you do?

Answer 8

Perform the Heimlich maneuver (abdominal thrusts) to dislodge the object. If the patient goes unresponsive, perform CPR.

Question 9

What is the normal resting respiratory rate in an adult?

Answer 9

12 to 20 breaths per minute.

Question 10

After successfully removing an obstruction from a patient’s airway with abdominal thrusts, what should be done (where should the patient go or be transported?)

Answer 10

Call 911 so the patient can be transported to the hospital.

Question 11

Under what circumstances should chest thrusts be done on a choking patient?

Answer 11

If the patient is pregnant or severely overweight

Question 12

On a healthy patient Oxygen saturation when breathing room air should be at least _____?

Answer 12

94%

Question 13

What is pulse oximetry used for?

Answer 13

Measures heart rate and the percentage of oxygen saturation in their red blood cells

Question 14

When is rescue breathing in an adult considered adequate?

Answer 14

10-12 breaths per minute or a rescue breath every 5-6 seconds. Check for chest rise

Question 15

Why is suctioning of an adult patient’s mouth limited to 15 seconds at a time?

Answer 15

Because air is being removed in addition to secretions

Question 16

A patient is said to be alert if he or she _______

Answer 16

is able to answer questions accurately and appropriately.

Question 17

If a patient's skin appears yellow, what should you expect?

Answer 17

Problems with the liver

Question 18

A pulse can be felt anywhere on the body where a(n)

Answer 18

artery passes over a hard surface such as a bone.

Question 19

What is the first thing you should do when approaching an emergency scene?

Answer 19

Ensure scene safety

Question 20

What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?

Answer 20

A sign is something that you can observe in a patient; A symptom is something you may not be able to observe in a patient but the patient reports it to you

Question 21

What types of drugs can cause pupillary constriction?

Answer 21

Narcotics - Heroin, hydrocodone, morphine, and fentanyl

Question 22

When can you expect a patient’s pulse to be bounding?

Answer 22

Following physical exertion

Question 23

If a patient is unconscious or unable to answer your questions, what is the best way to ascertain their medical history?

Answer 23

Ask family members or friends about patients medical history

Question 24

If you are unable to feel a carotid pulse in an unconscious, non breathing patient within 10 seconds, what should you do?

Answer 24

Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at once.

Question 25

If you discover that a patient’s pupils fail to react to light or are unequal in size, who should you report your findings to?

Answer 25

report your findings to personnel at the next level of care.

Question 26

What is inhalation of vomitus or other secretions into the lungs called?

Answer 26

Aspiration

Question 27

Where are the following pulses located: carotid; posterior tibial; brachial; radial?’

Answer 27

Radial pulse- located on the thumb side of the wrist where the radial artery passes over the forearm bone

The brachial pulse- is taken on the inside of the arm, halfway between the shoulder amd the elbow

Posterior tribal is located on the inner aspect of the ankle, just behind the ankle bone

Carotid pulse is taken over the carotid artery, located on either side of the patient's neck, just under the jawbone.

Question 28

How is the circulatory status of an extremity assessed?

Answer 28

Checking the pulse and capillary refill time.

Question 29

What is the first part of determining a patient’s level of status?

Answer 29

Introduce yourself

Question 30

What do the systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements represent?

Answer 30

The higher number (120 mm Hg in the example of 120/80) is called the systolic pressure. The systolic pressure is the force exerted on the walls of the arteries as the heart contracts.

The lower number (80 mm Hg in the example of 120/80) is known as the diastolic pressure. The diastolic pressure represents the arterial pressure during the relaxation phase of the heart.