EMR 2nd Test Flashcards
What are some common causes of respiratory arrest?
Choking
llness
Chronic condition
Electrocution
Irregular heartbeat
Heart attack
Injury to heart, brain stem, chest, lungs, abdomen, or head
Allergic reaction
Poisoning
Emotional distress
Drowning
What can you assume about the patient’s airway if they are able speak to you?
The airway is not completely blocked and some air can pass through.
What is another name for the oropharynx (oral pharynx)?
The middle part of the throat that connects to the oral cavity (mouth).
What is the procedure for inserting an oral airway in an adult?
Rotate the airway 180 degrees until the flange rests on the patient’s teeth.
Which technique will most likely enable you to deliver adequate volume when ventilating a patient with a bag-mask device?
Place the middle, ring, and pinky finger over the mask, forming a “C” and applying pressure to the mask.
When providing mouth-to-mask rescue breathing to a 17 year old male patient, you note that his abdomen appears to be distended. What should you do?
Breathe slowly into the patient’s mouth until the chest rises visibly.
A 70 year old woman was found unconscious in her bed. She has a pulse, but is gurgling when she breathes. What should you do?
Roll the patient onto her side, carefully sweep out her mouth with your finger (OR use a suction device), and reassess her breathing.
A patient clutches their throat and does not respond to you when you ask if they are choking. What do you do?
Perform the Heimlich maneuver (abdominal thrusts) to dislodge the object. If the patient goes unresponsive, perform CPR.
What is the normal resting respiratory rate in an adult?
12 to 20 breaths per minute.
After successfully removing an obstruction from a patient’s airway with abdominal thrusts, what should be done (where should the patient go or be transported?)
Call 911 so the patient can be transported to the hospital.
Under what circumstances should chest thrusts be done on a choking patient?
If the patient is pregnant or severely overweight
On a healthy patient Oxygen saturation when breathing room air should be at least _____?
94%
What is pulse oximetry used for?
Measures heart rate and the percentage of oxygen saturation in their red blood cells
When is rescue breathing in an adult considered adequate?
10-12 breaths per minute or a rescue breath every 5-6 seconds. Check for chest rise
Why is suctioning of an adult patient’s mouth limited to 15 seconds at a time?
Because air is being removed in addition to secretions
A patient is said to be alert if he or she _______
is able to answer questions accurately and appropriately.
If a patient's skin appears yellow, what should you expect?
Problems with the liver
A pulse can be felt anywhere on the body where a(n)
artery passes over a hard surface such as a bone.
What is the first thing you should do when approaching an emergency scene?
Ensure scene safety
What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?
A sign is something that you can observe in a patient; A symptom is something you may not be able to observe in a patient but the patient reports it to you
What types of drugs can cause pupillary constriction?
Narcotics - Heroin, hydrocodone, morphine, and fentanyl
When can you expect a patient’s pulse to be bounding?
Following physical exertion
If a patient is unconscious or unable to answer your questions, what is the best way to ascertain their medical history?
Ask family members or friends about patients medical history
If you are unable to feel a carotid pulse in an unconscious, non breathing patient within 10 seconds, what should you do?
Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at once.
If you discover that a patient’s pupils fail to react to light or are unequal in size, who should you report your findings to?
report your findings to personnel at the next level of care.
What is inhalation of vomitus or other secretions into the lungs called?
Aspiration
Where are the following pulses located: carotid; posterior tibial; brachial; radial?’
Radial pulse- located on the thumb side of the wrist where the radial artery passes over the forearm bone
The brachial pulse- is taken on the inside of the arm, halfway between the shoulder amd the elbow
Posterior tribal is located on the inner aspect of the ankle, just behind the ankle bone
Carotid pulse is taken over the carotid artery, located on either side of the patient's neck, just under the jawbone.
How is the circulatory status of an extremity assessed?
Checking the pulse and capillary refill time.
What is the first part of determining a patient’s level of status?
Introduce yourself
What do the systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements represent?
The higher number (120 mm Hg in the example of 120/80) is called the systolic pressure. The systolic pressure is the force exerted on the walls of the arteries as the heart contracts.
The lower number (80 mm Hg in the example of 120/80) is known as the diastolic pressure. The diastolic pressure represents the arterial pressure during the relaxation phase of the heart.
