Test 4 Flashcards
Is reddened and painful skin a characteristic of a superficial or deep burn?
Superficial (first-degree) burn
Why is a thorough examination of a patient with a gunshot wound important?
Must locate both entrance and exit wounds
Which of the following can cause a nosebleed? (rapid heart rate; neck injury; diabetes; hypertension)
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Which type of blood vessel, if damaged, can cause blood to surge from the wound with each heartbeat?
Artery
Review heart anatomy (chambers, etc).
Four chambers: two upper chambers - left and right atriums; two lower chambers - left and right ventricles.
Four valves: tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, aortic valve
Coronary arteries/veins: superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, aorta (arteries in 2 directions)
If a patient has a significant head injury, they can be assumed to also have injury to what?
Their cervical spine (neck)
T/F: An open wound should be covered after splinting an injury.
False—before
Should you try to stop cerebrospinal fluid drainage from a patient’s ear if you notice it?
No
Why are the 11th and 12th ribs referred to as floating ribs?
They are NOT attached to the sternum
When assessing a patient with a spinal injury, what should you do to prevent the patient from moving their head?
Keep the patient still. Place heavy towels or rolled sheets on both sides of the neck / hold the head and neck to prevent movement.
Which of the following is not included in a pre-packaged obstetrics kit?
Included in the kit: Umbilical clamps
Sterile gloves
Bulb syringe
During delivery, if you notice the umbilical cord wrapped around the baby’s neck, what should your initial action be?
Attempt to slip the umbilical cord over the head
What happens during the 2nd stage of labor?
You will see newborn's head crowning during contractions.
- There is no time for transport.
T/F If a woman’s contractions are 5 minutes apart, she can usually be transported to the hospital.
True
After delivering a newborn, your first course of action is to ensure adequate breathing and circulation. What should you do next?
Make sure the baby is warm
A child supporting himself or herself with the arms while leaning forward is said to be in what position?
Tripod
How does CPR for a 6-month-old differ from that for a 20 year old?
For infants:
Check for responsiveness by tapping infant's foot or gently shaking shoulder.
- Check brachial pulse.
• Use your middle and ring fingers to compress sternum just below nipple line.
Compress sternum at least one third depth of chest.
- Give gentle rescue breaths.
Regardless of the cause of a child’s injury, your first priority should be to:
Check the patient’s ABC’s
What does a breathing rate of more than 60 breaths/minute in an infant indicate?
This is signs of respiratory problems, tachypnea
What is one of the most common causes of abdominal pain in children?
Gastroenteritis
What are common causes of altered mental status in older patients?
Hypothermia, low blood glucose level, and lack of oxygen to the brain
T/F Geriatric patients may not experience classic signs and symptoms of many medical conditions.
true
What is one of the most common causes of sepsis in older patients?
Respiratory, such as pneumonia, or genitourinary, such as a urinary tract infection (UTI)
T/F The natural process of aging results in a gradual decline in the functioning of all body systems.
true
If you are helping EMTs load an older man, who is stable and has had a minor fall, into an ambulance and he states that he forgot his glasses is it appropriate to ask the EMTs to wait while you retrieve the patient’s glasses?
Ask the EMTs to wait until you can retrieve the patient's glasses
