Test 4

Question 1

Is reddened and painful skin a characteristic of a superficial or deep burn?

Answer 1

Superficial (first-degree) burn

Question 2

Why is a thorough examination of a patient with a gunshot wound important?

Answer 2

Must locate both entrance and exit wounds

Question 3

Which of the following can cause a nosebleed? (rapid heart rate; neck injury; diabetes; hypertension)

Answer 3

Hypertension (high blood pressure)

Question 4

Which type of blood vessel, if damaged, can cause blood to surge from the wound with each heartbeat?

Answer 4

Artery

Question 5

Review heart anatomy (chambers, etc).

Answer 5

Four chambers: two upper chambers - left and right atriums; two lower chambers - left and right ventricles.
Four valves: tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, aortic valve
Coronary arteries/veins: superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, aorta (arteries in 2 directions)

Question 6

If a patient has a significant head injury, they can be assumed to also have injury to what?

Answer 6

Their cervical spine (neck)

Question 7

T/F: An open wound should be covered after splinting an injury.

Answer 7

False—before

Question 8

Should you try to stop cerebrospinal fluid drainage from a patient’s ear if you notice it?

Answer 8

No

Question 9

Why are the 11th and 12th ribs referred to as floating ribs?

Answer 9

They are NOT attached to the sternum

Question 10

When assessing a patient with a spinal injury, what should you do to prevent the patient from moving their head?

Answer 10

Keep the patient still. Place heavy towels or rolled sheets on both sides of the neck / hold the head and neck to prevent movement.

Question 11

Which of the following is not included in a pre-packaged obstetrics kit?

Answer 11

Included in the kit: Umbilical clamps
Sterile gloves
Bulb syringe

Question 12

During delivery, if you notice the umbilical cord wrapped around the baby’s neck, what should your initial action be?

Answer 12

Attempt to slip the umbilical cord over the head

Question 13

What happens during the 2nd stage of labor?

Answer 13

You will see newborn's head crowning during contractions.
- There is no time for transport.

Question 14

T/F If a woman’s contractions are 5 minutes apart, she can usually be transported to the hospital.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

After delivering a newborn, your first course of action is to ensure adequate breathing and circulation. What should you do next?

Answer 15

Make sure the baby is warm

Question 16

A child supporting himself or herself with the arms while leaning forward is said to be in what position?

Answer 16

Tripod

Question 17

How does CPR for a 6-month-old differ from that for a 20 year old?

Answer 17

For infants:
Check for responsiveness by tapping infant's foot or gently shaking shoulder.
- Check brachial pulse.
• Use your middle and ring fingers to compress sternum just below nipple line.
Compress sternum at least one third depth of chest.
- Give gentle rescue breaths.

Question 18

Regardless of the cause of a child’s injury, your first priority should be to:

Answer 18

Check the patient’s ABC’s

Question 19

What does a breathing rate of more than 60 breaths/minute in an infant indicate?

Answer 19

This is signs of respiratory problems, tachypnea

Question 20

What is one of the most common causes of abdominal pain in children?

Answer 20

Gastroenteritis

Question 21

What are common causes of altered mental status in older patients?

Answer 21

Hypothermia, low blood glucose level, and lack of oxygen to the brain

Question 22

T/F Geriatric patients may not experience classic signs and symptoms of many medical conditions.

Answer 22

true

Question 23

What is one of the most common causes of sepsis in older patients?

Answer 23

Respiratory, such as pneumonia, or genitourinary, such as a urinary tract infection (UTI)

Question 24

T/F The natural process of aging results in a gradual decline in the functioning of all body systems.

Answer 24

true

Question 25

If you are helping EMTs load an older man, who is stable and has had a minor fall, into an ambulance and he states that he forgot his glasses is it appropriate to ask the EMTs to wait while you retrieve the patient’s glasses?

Answer 25

Ask the EMTs to wait until you can retrieve the patient's glasses