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PMP 2 > Test 5 > Flashcards

Test 5 Flashcards

1
Q

1.
You are managing a project which has a lot of uncertainties involved. Which approach would be best suited for managing this project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Predictive

Iterative

Incremental

Agile

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Agile is the best option. Since the project involves uncertainty, rapid iterations and weekly releases may be required to manage the changes. Agile is basically iterative and incremental in approach, and is built on that. Hence, Agile is the most appropriate answer.

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2
Q

2.
What is the most significant evident outcome you can expect when your team members are empowered?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Humility

Leadership

High buy-in and trust

Conflict

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

An empowered team always has a better buy-in and displays high levels of trust.

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3
Q

3Team members who have deep knowledge and skills in one area might have general skills in other areas. They are known as ‘Generalizing Specialists’. The term used to refer to this type of skill is:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Experts skill

T-Shaped skill

General skill

Extraordinary skill

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

T-shaped skill is used to indicate depth in one area and a horizontal spread of knowledge in some other areas.

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4
Q

4
A project involves multi-functional stakeholders collaborating closely on a particular deliverable. As a project manager, what is the best way to ensure that all stakeholders are aware of the changes that may impact them?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Talk to them after the change is implemented

Send emails and reports communicating the change

Make the respective managers part of the change control board

Ask your team to communicate to them

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

As a project manager, when you make the respective functional managers part of the change control board or CCB, it becomes an effective way for them to analyze and understand the impact of the change.

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5
Q

5
As a project manager, you are midway through the project. You want to measure the progress by comparing actual performance with planned baselines. Which of the following will be most useful?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Decision tree

Scatter diagram

Earned value analysis

Value stream mapping

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Earned Value Analysis or EVA helps track the performance with respect to cost and schedule. A decision tree is used in risk management, while a scatter diagram is used to correlate the relationship between two variables in quality management.

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6
Q

6
As part of project planning, you refer to organizational practice and defined tolerance limits. Which of the following includes the key areas where tolerance limits are set?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Quality, budget

Budget, time, quality, and non-functional requirements

Budget, time, and quality

Scope, schedule, and cost

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Besides setting a tolerance limit for budget, quality, and time, you also need to define acceptable limits for deviations (non-compliances) for non-functional requirements. This will help you as a project manager to move forward swiftly with minimal escalations.

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7
Q

7
Tracking compliance information, including the proof of validation for each deliverable, is generally done as part of:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Scope management

Stakeholder management

Risk management

Configuration management

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

One of the key attributes to be tracked is compliance of a deliverable with a defined requirement. Tracking the proof for validation of the compliance of the deliverable is done as part of configuration management (although it might sound like compliance management).

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8
Q

8
A document that contains details of how you will approach, structure and manage risks in a project is called:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Risk management plan

Compliance management plan

Mitigation plan

Project strategy document

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

This is one of the important plans which is part of the project management plan.

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9
Q

9
A risk breakdown structure is created as part of:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Risk qualitative analysis

Risk identification and categorization

Risk response

Risk ownership

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Once the risks are identified, they are categorized based on the source, like external, internal, technical, and project management. This gives the risk breakdown structure.

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10
Q

10
The document that captures how the team would norm, perform and resolve conflicts among themselves is:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Project charter

Resource calendar

Team charter

Team plan

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Team charter captures how the team will operate and work together, including how conflicts will be resolved among themselves.

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11
Q

11Which of the following best describes a stakeholder?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

An individual who is interested in the project

An individual or group of individuals or an organization that impacts or is impacted by the project

Anyone who is watching the project

Anybody working on the project

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Stakeholder is an individual or group of individuals or an organization that impacts or is impacted by the project.

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12
Q

12Conflicts are inevitable in projects, but when managed well, they can create opportunities. What is the best way to deal with a conflict?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Stay away and let the team decide

Facilitate collaboration

Take disciplinary action against individuals

Have informal dialogue with conflicting individuals

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Conflict management is a skill and the option depends on the situation. However, the solution arrived through collaboration has long-lasting results and is generally recommended.

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13
Q

13A document that is normally prepared before the business case and expresses what needs to be produced or what is the goal of the project is called:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Business needs document

Business case

Customer requirements document

Requirements documentation

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The business needs document captures the goal of the project product or service what needs to be created.

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14
Q

14You are assigned a construction project which involves constructing a multi-storeyed mall in your city. When you analyze the historical data of your organization, you come across many useful data of similar projects that have been successfully executed and delivered in the past, which gives you confidence. Which of the following approaches is best suited?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Agile

Hybrid

Incremental

Predictive

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Where you have sufficient expertise, a predictive or waterfall approach can be best suited.

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15
Q

15The data analysis technique used to identify different ways of collecting requirements to elaborate on project and product scope is called:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Design of experiments

Iterative gathering

Alternative analysis

Brainstorming

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Alternative analysis is the evaluation of various ways in which requirements can be collected from stakeholders, and this can have an impact on the scope management plan.

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16
Q

16SMART acronym is used while defining KPIs. While generally the ‘R’ in the acronym stands for ‘Realistic’, in the context of project management it denotes:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Real time

Recurring

Relevant

Reasonable

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

The target needs to be relevant in the context of the larger objectives and critical success factors.

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17
Q

17You have just been handed over a project charter. You are assessing the project needs, magnitude and complexity. You find that the project needs a mix of resources and experience levels. You also observe that some new methods or techniques need to be used specific to the project. Which among the following project management approaches will be suitable?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Plan driven

Iterative

Agile

Hybrid

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Since some new methods or techniques are to be used, a hybrid approach, which is a mix of predictive and adaptive, can be used.

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18
Q

18You are in the process of assessing the performance of your team productivity. You want to use the data to predict the output for future iterations as well. The tool that is generally used for this is:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Velocity

RACI matrix

Throughput

Kanban

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

It is the sum of the story point sizes for the features actually completed in an iteration. This allows the team to plan its next capacity more accurately by looking at its historical performance.

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19
Q

19Mind Mapping and Affinity Diagram are examples of:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Techniques for data consolidation

Techniques for data gathering

Techniques for data elicitation

Techniques for data representation

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Mind mapping and affinity diagram are examples of techniques for data representation.

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20
Q

20Which leadership style integrates well into the Agile mindset?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Transactional

Transformational

Servant leadership

Laissez-faire

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Servant leadership integrates well since Agile believes in empowering the team and helping them self-organize.

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21
Q

21Which of the following is effective in measuring project compliance with quality? (Choose two)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Using QA outputs to confirm deliverable compliance

Risk analysis

Issue resolution

Sign-off and approval from stakeholders

A

Correct Option:A, D

EXPLANATION

Both QA outputs to confirm deliverable compliance and Sign-off and approval from stakeholders are effective in measuring project compliance with quality.

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22
Q

22Continuous improvement framework is associated with:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

William Smith Jr.

Joseph Juran

Edward Deming

Philip Crosby

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

PDCA-Plan, Do, Check, Act, also known as Deming’s cycle, was first given by Deming, which is a framework used for continuous improvement.

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23
Q

23Which of the following tools help you identify quality issues in the project? (Choose two)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Audits

Histograms

Design thinking

Control charts

A

Correct Option:A, D

EXPLANATION

Control charts will help in analyzing the process control and potential issues.

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24
Q

24Henry is the project manager who is in the process of understanding the requirements. He is going through the available Business and Marketing plan, service agreements, and process diagrams. What technique is he using?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Requirements mapping

Document analysis

Traceability matrix

Brainstorming

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

A technique where the existing available documents are gone through to generate more understanding about the project’s requirements.

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25
Q

25A prototyping method that can use visuals or images to illustrate a process or represent a project outcome is called:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

User empathy

Storyboarding

User view

User diagram

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Storyboarding is usually a visual representation, which results in better communication and understanding of requirements with stakeholders.

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26
Q

26
In Agile projects, teams use a ceremony to communicate and address impediments slowing down the progress of work. This ceremony is called:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Retrospective

Scrum facilitation

Daily stand-ups

Sprint review

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

A daily stand-up meeting with the scrum team is a daily routine which serves as a communication platform for the team to address blocks and impediments.

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27
Q

27Common causes of conflict in a team include: (Choose any three)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Differences due to work, role, and approach

Differences in values and perceptions

Different time zones

Communication breakdown

A

Correct Option:A, B, D

EXPLANATION

Although working styles differ, differences in perceptions cause conflict, and communication breakdown is generally a cause and effect of conflicts.

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28
Q

28The right sequence for Tuckman’s stages for team formation includes:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Forming, norming, storming, and performing

Forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning

Storming, performing, laning, and waning

Forming, grooming, performing, and disbanding

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning is the right sequence.

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29
Q

29Common tools to track the performance of a team in AGILE include: (Choose two)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Scrum or Kanban board

Throughput

Project board

Blackboard

A

Correct Option:A, B

EXPLANATION

Common tools to track the performance of team in AGILE includes: Scrum or Kanban board and throughput.

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30
Q

30As an experienced project manager, you know that coaching and mentoring are important to mentor stakeholders when required. You ask the junior team member to follow you on the job. What is this referred to as?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Job shadowing

Hands-on training

Reverse mentoring

Training

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Job shadowing helps to learn the work cultures of any organizations.

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31
Q

31Control accounts can contain more than one—————————–, but each ————– is assigned to only one control account.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

WBS

WBS dictionary

Work package

Planning package

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Control accounts can contain more than one work package, but each work package is assigned to only one control account.

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32
Q

32One of your team members, who is not very experienced in Agile methodologies, is informing you that the product owner has made some changes to the product backlog and has explained the changes to the team. The other team members have accepted and made changes to the backlog. This new team member is not sure if this is the normal practice in Agile. You explain to him that the product backlog changes throughout the project. The term that refers to this practice of changing the product backlog based on changes to business requirements is called:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Product backlog item

Backlog grooming and refinement

Daily stand-up

Retrospective

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

In backlog grooming and refinement, the product owner is tasked with the responsibility of looking at the impact of any change and looking at ways to reprioritize the backlog items.

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33
Q

33Agile projects tend to avoid using absolute time estimates as the level of uncertainty in the work is often high. Instead, a relative measure of estimation is used. Which of the following is an example of the relative estimation method?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Factoring

Three point estimating

Story point estimating

Planning poker

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Requirements are explained as stories and story points rate the relative work, risk, and complexity of a requirement or story. Agile teams use story points to estimate effort.

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34
Q

34Changes to external and internal environmental factors can affect the project and its outcomes. A framework used to analyze the external factors impacting the project is:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Business complexity

Competitive strategies

PESTLE

SMART

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

PESTLE (stands for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, and Environmental) is used to analyze the external factors which impact the project.

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35
Q

35
A team’s checklist for a user-centric requirement that has all the information the team needs to be able to begin working on is called:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Definition of done

WBS

Definition of ready

Scope delineation

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Definition of ready is a team’s checklist for a user-centric requirement that has all the information about the team’s needs.

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36
Q

36A PMO that directly takes control of the project by managing the project directly is known as:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Supportive PMO

Directive PMO

Controlling PMO

Organizational PMO

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Directive PMO directly takes control of the project by managing it directly.

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37
Q

37The famous Quality Trilogy is attributed to:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Peter Drucker

Joseph Juran

Philip Crosby

Edward Deming

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The Juran trilogy gives the concept of quality management with its underlying three universal processes of quality planning, quality control, and quality improvement.

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38
Q

38You are managing a healthcare project to develop an IT solution for a hospital. Upon going through the requirements, you notice that you need to comply with some industry standards like HIPAA, HL7, and so on. This is an example of:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

OPA

PMO policy

EEF

Transition requirement

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Enterprise environmental factors, or EEF, have an impact on your project and its outcomes.

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39
Q

39Which of the following defines an analytical technique that uses mathematical models to forecast future outcomes based on historical results?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Performance reporting

Document analysis

Decision tree analysis

Trend analysis

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Trend analysis gives the improvement trend based on which intervention can be decided.

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40
Q

40Your team is very experienced in the predictive approach. The new project that is being taken up now requires an Agile approach. You need to support and mentor the team members for the required transformation. Which of the following will be most useful in this situation? (select two)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Reading Agile magazines

Training team members in Agile ceremonies

Lessons learned from previous Agile projects

Outsource a specialist Agile team

A

Correct Option:B, C

EXPLANATION

Historical lessons from previous projects will also be helpful.

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41
Q

41Which of the following are considered to be part of interpersonal and team skills? (Choose two)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Team capabilities assessment

Emotional intelligence

Motivation

Active listening

A

Correct Option:B, D

EXPLANATION

Emotional intelligence and active listening are part of interpersonal and team skills.

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42
Q

42Business risks impact the project. Choose three business risks from the following:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Competitive

Scope related

Legislative

Operational

A

Correct Option:A, C, D

EXPLANATION

Competitive, legislative, and operational risks are the business risks that impact the pr

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43
Q

43John, the project manager of an oil exploration company, is assessing the risks of beginning offshore drilling activity. He finds that the activity is scheduled in the month of July. Generally, around the month of July, there are a lot of hurricanes or cyclones that are formed in the sea. He decides to reschedule these activities until mid-August. What kind of risk response is this?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Escalate

Avoid

Transfer

Accept

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The avoid strategy involves a change in the plan such that the risk is avoided to escape the impact.

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44
Q

44You are in the process of assessing the compliance to quality metrics of the deliverable to find out any deviations. You are evaluating the results against the planned values. What technique are you using?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Variance analysis

Performance reporting

Inspection

Paired comparison

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Variance analysis is comparing the actual to planned values.

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45
Q

45A classification model that groups stakeholders on the basis of their level of authority, their immediate needs, and how appropriate their involvement is in terms of the project is known as:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Impact grid

Salience model

KANO model

None of the above

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

This classification model uses power versus legitimacy, or urgency of stakeholders.

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46
Q

46Joe, the project manager, believes in empowering the team as a definite means to achieve performance. It was agreed that the team would decide on all issues through consensus. One of the team members brings to the notice of Joe that decisions are arriving very late and that is impacting the project. What should Joe do to correct the situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Ask the team to re-create the team charter

Get into problem solving directly

Suggest the team to have timelines for resolution

Let the team decide

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

This is the best option since the problem should not recur.

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47
Q

47You are preparing a report on your work performance for your key stakeholders. Last week, some unexpected delays in work execution happened due to lack of resources. Because of this, the progress for last week is static. However, this was corrected later. Your team member suggests that instead of showing no progress, it would be better to show the overall progress rate for the last one month, so that last week’s static progress may not be glaringly visible. The member argues that the delay shown in the report may delay the payment which is to be released based on this report. You reject the idea because:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

It does not conform to PMI standards of ethics

It is coming from a team member

It might affect your image and reputation

It was not presented earlier

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

It is unethical to report wrong status or camouflage actual findings or state half truths.

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48
Q

48You have successfully completed a project for setting up a e-commerce website. You have conducted a successful demonstration of the portal and the customer is happy. The product is transitioned and the site is thrown open to public. After a month, when the traffic increased, it is noticed that the response of the website became very slow. You get a call from customer asking you to fix the issue immediately. You find that this is primarily due to the sizing of the hardware. What requirement should have been taken care of to avoid this scenario?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Operational requirements

Training

Non-functional requirements

None of the above

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Non-functional requirements, or NFR, include capacity, availability, scalability, and security, which need to be carefully analyzed and understood before making the design.

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49
Q

49A new team member has joined your team. The team lead is explaining the overarching solution by describing the various aspects of the solution in the way a marketer would do for a product. This technique is known as:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Sensitization technique

Product box

Knowledge transfer

User story

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The features of a product are explained like a marketer would.

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50
Q

50A high-level visual summary of the product or products of the project that includes goals, milestones, and potential deliverables is called:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Product roal

Product strategy

Product roadmap

Product lifecycle

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Product roadmap contains milestones and deliverables over a period of time.

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51
Q

51You and your team are engaged in the process of finding out redundancies, bottlenecks, and non-value efforts in a process end-to-end that can potentially cause unnecessary delays. What process are you involved in?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Value stream mapping

Process mapping

Root cause identification

None of the above

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The focus of the value stream mapping exercise is to not only remove wasteful efforts to make processes lean, but also to ensure maximum value flow to customers.

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52
Q

52You are in the process of defining the scope of the product that will be delivered as the final output of the project. You are analyzing the product in terms of characteristics and using all relevant aspects of the product to better understand it. What kind of tool are you using?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Scope verification

Value analysis

Requirement analysis

Product analysis

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Product analysis is thorough analysis of the features for better understanding.

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53
Q

53A construction company is executing a roadway project which involves the laying of state highway roads. The government has allotted another project to the same company for re-aligning some culverts along the highway. Although the construction company is not very experienced in erection of culverts, it has decided to use the opportunity to outsource the culvert construction to another company that specializes in the same. This is an example of what type of risk strategy?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Accept

Share

Avoid

Mitigate

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

You share the opportunity with the other company.

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54
Q

54You and your team are finalizing the project’s scope statement. The scope statement contains: (Choose two)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Work, deliverables

Assumptions and constraints

Resources

WBS

A

Correct Option:A, B

EXPLANATION

Scope statement includes description of work, deliverables, assumptions and constraints.

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55
Q

55In Earned Value Management, or EVM, the term used to explain how much more money is needed to complete the remaining project is known as:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Estimate to complete

Actual cost

Budget at completion

Estimate at completion

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Estimate to complete, or ETC, is the term which explains how much more money is needed to complete the remaining project.

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56
Q

56Which of the following are part of the resource calendar? (Choose two)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Training dates

Availability of resources

Interdependencies between resources

Working days

A

Correct Option:B, D

EXPLANATION

Availability of resources and working days are part of the resource calendar which gives the period of engagement of resources.

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57
Q

57The goals of retrospectives in Agile are different from sprint reviews. A retrospective is not: (Choose two)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Demonstration of the product

Generate insights

Identify areas for improvement

Getting feedback on the product

A

Correct Option:A, D

EXPLANATION

Retrospective is done to generate insights and identify areas for improvement.

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58
Q

58A team member is working on identifying areas for improvement in the project. He wants to know how to go about it. Which of the following would be a good source to start with?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Historical lesson learned

Sprint review

Demonstration

Meetings

A

Correct Option:A, D

EXPLANATION

Lessons learned from previous projects are a good starting point to identify areas for improvement. Then you look at lessons from retrospectives in this project.

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59
Q

59A technique that uses computer models to translate risks into detailed levels to understand their potential impact on project objectives is known as:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Extrapolation

Risk response

Simulation

Risk breakdown

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Simulating various possible outcomes helps with planning a suitable response.

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60
Q

60Change requests approved by the change control board normally consist of: (choose three)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Preventive actions

Scope control

Defect repair

Corrective actions

A

Correct Option:A, C, D

EXPLANATION

Change requests can comprise preventive actions, corrective actions, and defect repair.

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61
Q

61You are starting a new IT project which involves migration of data from on premises hosting to cloud hosting. You foresee a lot of risks in the migration process due to inherent constraints in the existing infrastructure. You want to identify team members with very good skills. Which of the following techniques will be useful? (Choose three)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Specific assessment

Attitudinal survey

Ability tests

Reference from HR

A

Correct Option:A, B, C

EXPLANATION

Specific assessments, attitudinal surveys, and ability tests are used to identify team members with very good skills.

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62
Q

62It is important to have a written agreement in procurement because:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

It is the practice of your organization.

It gives you the advantage of clear terms.

It legally binds both the seller and purchaser.

None of the above

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

In the case of a legal dispute, either party can go to court for remedies.

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63
Q

63The presence of a set of factors which may not motivate but the absence of which would definitely demotivate the team members is known as:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Reward factors

Hygiene factors

Motivational factors

X factors

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

According to Herzberg’s theory, real motivational factors are responsibility and recognition.

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64
Q

64What is the purpose of a risk audit?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

To ensure responses are implemented

To transfer risks to a third party

To evaluate the overall effectiveness of the risk management approach

All of these

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Risk audit is used to evaluate the overall effectiveness of the risk management approach.

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65
Q

65Your team is in the process of finalizing the type of contract for procurement. It is observed that the procurement statement of work is not precise and there are some constraints which do not permit further clarity in defining the statement of work. It is agreed amongst stakeholders that the team can go for a slightly open-ended and flexible arrangement with the seller. Which of the following contract types would be best suited?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Fixed price incentive fee contracts

Cost plus fixed fee

Time and materials or T and M

Fixed price-EPA

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Time and materials or T and M contract works best for flexible arrangements.

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66
Q

66Your company is bidding for two projects at the same time. Project A is expected to generate USD 200 million in aggregate revenue over the next three years, while Project B is expected to generate USD 280 million.You select project A based on the NPV method. What is the opportunity cost for project A?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

80 M

480 M

280 M

600 M

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

280 M is the opportunity cost for project A.

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67
Q

67You are starting a new space related project. A project charter has been created and handed over to you. What is the next step?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Sign the charter for acceptance

Start planning

Identify stakeholders

Identify risks

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

The next step is to identify stakeholders in the project.

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68
Q

68A software upgrade project is underway. You notice that many stakeholders are not participating actively in the meetings. You decide to find out the cause. Which document of the following will be most useful?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Stakeholder engagement plan

Communication management plan

Configuration management plan

Risk management plan

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Although both stakeholder and communication plans may need a revisit, the first would be the stakeholder engagement plan.

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69
Q

69One of your key stakeholders wants to review the product’s completion by comparing it against the requirements. Which document would you present to him?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Project scope statement

Product requirements

WBS dictionary

Requirement traceability matrix

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Completion of product scope is compared against product requirements.

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70
Q

70You have requested a resource who you rate very highly since she worked with you on the last project. Your expectation was that she would do an excellent job on this project too. However, to your disappointment, you notice that she is not performing as well as expected. Which empirical rule did you not follow?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Performance rule

Halo effect

Heuristics

Thumb of Rule

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The halo effect refers to expecting the same performance from a resource based on their performance in earlier, different projects.

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71
Q

71Your team is in the process of classifying the identified stakeholders. One of the members from the customer organization seems to be highly interested in the outcome of the project but does not seem to have any authority. What is the best strategy to manage such a stakeholder?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Manage them closely

Monitor them

Keep them informed

Don’t bother about them

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

The stakeholder classification based on the power-interest model groups them as high on interest and low on power. The strategy recommended is to keep them informed.

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72
Q

72An organizational construct that focuses on the flow of value to customers through delivery of specific products and services is called:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Product strategy

Value stream

Service delivery

Product catalogue

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Value stream is the value delivered to customers through a product or service.

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73
Q

73The team is in the process of decomposing the scope statement and creating a WBS. The team is not able to decompose some parts of the work as enough details are not available. The team decides to plan only for the work to be done in the near term in detail and leave the remaining work at high level. This is known as:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Planning package

Work package

Rolling wave planning

Decomposed planning

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Rolling wave planning is a type of progressive elaboration.

74
Q

74You are in the process of carrying out an earned value analysis. The results indicate that for the value of money spent, you are getting only half the value of work completed. This indicates:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

SPI

CPI

Both SPI and CPI

EAC

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

It indicates the cost performance index, or CPI. A value of 0.5 CPI indicates poor cost efficiency.

75
Q

75Your project is in the execution phase. You observe that your team is busy responding to many requests from stakeholders for project related information. This is taking away a lot of your team’s time. You decide to streamline the communication flow so that your team can focus on the work. What type of communication would you recommend?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Interactive

Needs-based

Push

Pull

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

This type of communication is where you put out the information in a place, stakeholders access it, and take what they want.

76
Q

76Risk management plan contains:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

What are the techniques to identify risk

How risks would be identified, analyzed, managed, and monitored

How the risk audit will be done

What are the responses planned

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

It is a subsidiary plan which describes the approach and methodology of how risks will be managed in the project.

77
Q

77Change requests can be initiated by:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Only the project manager

Only the project team

Only the sponsor

Any stakeholder

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Change requests or CRs can be submitted by any stakeholder.

78
Q

78Your vendor is not performing up to your expectations. You have called him and warned him. Despite your warnings, his supplies are erratic. You decide to terminate the contract. What would you do next?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Refer to provisions in the contract for termination

Consult legal team

Go ahead with termination

Give him another chance, because if you change him, a lot of time will be wasted in finding a new one.

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Termination for convenience is a clause found generally in most contracts and can be invoked by the purchaser at any time.

79
Q

79Your team is in the process of collecting requirements from the stakeholders of the project. The team is using brainstorming, focus groups, interviews, questionnaires, and benchmarking to understand and document the stakeholders’ needs. Collectively, these techniques are referred to as:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Data analysis

Data gathering

Data grouping

Data representation

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

These techniques are referred to as data-gathering techniques.

80
Q

80The team charter contains all of the following except:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Norms

Conflict resolution methods

Communication protocols

Project objectives

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

These are all part of the project charter, except for project objectives.

81
Q

81One of your team members has violated the ground rules, and the violation is very serious. What is the best action for you to take?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Warn the member that if it happens again, they will be punished

Escalate to PMO

Seek replacement of the member

Seek sponsor’s help

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

For serious violations, you can replace the member.

82
Q

82During the initial project meeting, the project sponsor asks the PM for an initial estimate of the project cost and asks for the same to be presented the next day. The PM quickly refers to historical records and comes up with an estimate. Which estimation technique did the PM use?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Bottom-up estimation

Relative estimation

Analogous estimation

Parametric estimation

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Referring to historical estimates and using them for the current project is an analogous estimation technique.

83
Q

83As the project is in progress, the team identifies a new risk. What should be done next?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Escalate to sponsor

Refer project charter

Document in risk register

Document in lessons learned register

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Any new risk identified has to be documented in the risk register.

84
Q

84You are having a dispute with your vendor. As the project is coming to an end, you want to settle the dispute. Which is the best way to do it?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Take legal action

Alternate dispute resolution

Negotiation

Blacklist the vendor

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Negotiation is the best way to resolve a dispute. If it doesn’t work, then next step is through alternate dispute resolution methods and last is legal.

85
Q

85You notice that an unusually high number of change requests are logged in the project. This indicates that there is likely a problem in which of the following?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Change control board

Project team

Change management plan

Scope definition

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

You did not include requirements from all stakeholders or you did not identify all stakeholders thoroughly.

86
Q

86For a new project, PMO has prepared the business case and benefit management plan. While reviewing the documents, you find that an important element is missing in the business case. What does a business case document typically contain? (Choose two)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Economic feasibility

Benefits realization timescale

Benefit maximization

List of beneficiary stakeholders

A

Correct Option:A, B

EXPLANATION

The time frame in which the benefit is expected.

87
Q

87As a project manager, you are aware of the different stages of team formation as defined by Tuckman. Your team members are currently conversing with one another, attempting to understand the work and determining who will do what. Which stage is your team in now?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Stage 2

Stage 1

Stage 5

Stage 4

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The 5 stages are forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. Now the team is in the second stage of storming.

88
Q

88Which of the following is considered the most important activity in the closing phase or project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Informing the customer about completion of activities

Validating scope

Updating lessons learned

Measuring customer satisfaction

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Updating lessons learned is the most critical activity during the closure of a phase or project.

89
Q

89Name the tool that is used in analyzing the root cause for defects in quality management.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Cause and effect diagram

Pareto chart

Histogram

Statistical tool

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The cause and effect diagram, also known as the Ishikawa diagram, helps to analyze the causes of defects.

90
Q

90You are in the process of procuring machinery for the project and are planning to hold a bidder conference with prospective vendors. What purpose does a bidder conference serve?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

It helps to define source selection criteria

It helps in selecting the best vendor

It aids in clarifying key aspects of the scope and other requirements in order to achieve a common understanding

None of the above

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

The bidder conference helps the prospective vendors to understand the requirements so that they can give the correct commercial terms.

91
Q

91A deliverable was completed and internal test results showed that it is not in conformance with the quality metrics defined. This is an example of what type of non-conformance?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Defect repair

Internal failure

External failure

Random failure

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

If the defect is noticed before the product or deliverable reaches the customer, it is internal failure.

92
Q

92The most difficult part of managing a virtual team is
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Keeping them engaged

Keeping them happy

Sharing the vision

Driving accountability

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

To keep the virtual team members engaged, the project manager has to put in extra effort.

93
Q

93Two of your team members are having a conflict while assigning priorities to some activities in a work package. The conflict becomes so big that they start yelling at each other. You happen to pass by and you stop to enquire about what’s going on. Both begin to complain about the other while justifying their respective positions.They ask you what needs to be done. You simply tell them, “Let’s discuss tomorrow in the morning” and walk away. What conflict resolution method are you using?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Compromise

Avoid

Problem solving

Force or direct

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Postponing the resolution intentionally is the avoid strategy.

94
Q

94You are about to close a project when one of your team members comes to you and informs you that the project is not complying with one of the government regulations. You verify the details and find that it is true. What should you do next?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Initiate compliance measures

Explore if it can be by-passed

Do nothing

Update compliance management plan

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The next immediate action is to initiate compliance measures. Updating the plan comes after that.

95
Q

95For what do quality audit findings become a good source? (Select all that apply)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Gaps and shortcomings

Validation of quality tools

Lessons learned

Effectiveness of audit team

A

Correct Option:A, C

EXPLANATION

A quality audit identifies the gaps and shortcomings for improvement. They also become a good source of lessons learned.

96
Q

96You are half way into executing your software development project when your client asks you to add a feature which will increase the ease of use by several notches. What is the first thing you would do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Take it to the change control board

Evaluate the impact against key objectives

Discuss with the sponsor

Go ahead and implement the change

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The first thing to do is to evaluate the impact against scope, schedule, cost, quality, risk, and resources.

97
Q

97The value in percentage for 3 sigma is
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

  1. 1055
  2. 9996
  3. 7

None of the above

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

The value in percentage for 3 sigma is 99.7000.

98
Q

98Phase gate review or kill point is the stage of the project where at the end of every phase, the PM has to review if the phase has met the success criteria and whether the project can proceed to the next phase. What will be most useful in this process of review?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Risk register

Project management plan

Issue log

Lessons learned register

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The project management plan is most useful as it helps in comparing whether the work done is complete and if it meets the defined success criteria.

99
Q

99Your team consists of members from diverse cultures and backgrounds. You want to ensure members are well engaged. Which of the following will be critical factors for your consideration? (Choose all that apply.)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Motivation levels

Working styles

Rewards and recognition

Task allocation

A

Correct Option:A, B

EXPLANATION

Motivation and working styles will be critical factors when you handle a team with diverse cultures. There are multiple factors that affect this scenario, but these four are the most important.

100
Q

100The purpose of the team charter is to ensure the smooth working of the team. Which of the following is the single biggest benefit of having a team charter?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Team charter sets rules

Team charter is agreed by all team members

Team charter is mandatory for projects

Team charter eliminates potential conflicts and improves productivity

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

When the team agrees to norms and ground rules, potential conflicts can be avoided. This improves the overall productivity of the team.

101
Q

101All of the following are group decision-making techniques, except:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Unanimity

Plurality

Majority

Minority

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

This is not a decision-making technique.

102
Q

102What technique is used to consolidate ideas, created through individual brainstorming sessions, into a single map to reflect commonality and differences in understanding, and to generate new ideas?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Decision tree analysis

Mind mapping

Affinity diagram

SWOT analysis

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

It is the data representation technique for understanding the requirements into a single map to reflect commonality and differences in understanding and to generate new ideas.

103
Q

103The guidelines to anticipate future budget challenges include all of the following, except
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Tracking all changes in the project

Tracking new risks, changes to existing ones

Tracking meetings

Tracking vendor performance

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Tracking meetings do not bring challenges to the budget.

104
Q

104Negotiation skills are important for a project manager. However, the external negotiations in procurement should be led by who?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Project manager

Procurement manager

Vendor

Sponsor

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The procurement manager is generally authorized to sign contracts, and therefore, it is good if the procurement manager leads the negotiations in support of the project manager.

105
Q

105Looking at each pair of stories and prioritizing one over the other is called as………………….
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

KANO model

Priority model

Paired comparison model

MOSCOW model

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

In the prioritization technique, a pair of user stories are compared for prioritization.

106
Q

106The team is estimating efforts for some activities.There is a lack of consensus on a few estimates. Which is the best approach for the project manager to take in such a situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Direct the team to arrive at consensus

Have a meeting with the sponsor

Let the team decide as per team charter

None of the above

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

The team charter contains the agreement of the team on how they would sort out conflicts.

107
Q

107Your team has decided on the Minimum Viable Product (MVP) to be released for the next sprint. One of the team members suggests that more functionalities could be added and delivery may be delayed for a couple of weeks. What should the team do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Defer the delivery

Go ahead with the MVP planned

Reach out to the product owner

Do nothing

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

MVP is the minimum functionality planned to be delivered. Incremental frequent deliveries are better since with customer feedback, better value can be delivered in subsequent sprints.

108
Q

108Which is the organizational structure in which the project manager shares equal authority with the functional manager?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Functional

Tight matrix

Balanced matrix

None of the above

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

A balanced matrix shares equal authority.

109
Q

109…………….. is an approach to improving business results through an emphasis on customer satisfaction, employee development, and processes rather than functions.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Six Sigma

TQM

Lean Six Sigma

Kaizen

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Total quality management is an approach to improve customer satisfaction by managing the quality processes and people involved in a better manner across the organization.

110
Q

110The advantage of the Minimum Business Increment (MBI) is all of the following, except
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Enable team to deliver value sooner

Validate if improvement has taken place

Helps business grow

Provides the building block for the team to proceed further

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

MBI does not help the business to grow.

111
Q

111You are handling a project where the product, which is to be transitioned to the customer, is a very simple product. The knowledge transfer required is also very simple. Which of the following would you then recommend?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Coaching and mentoring

Training

Document review (user manual)

Supportive hand holding

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

For simple knowledge transfers, document review would be an easy and cost-effective way.

112
Q

112What is the key attribute of continuous improvement?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Lowering costs

Minimizing changes to product or service

Improving stakeholder support

Better designing of product

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Better design of products is the key attribute of continuous improvement measures.

113
Q

113The key elements of a communication management plan include all of the following, except
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

List of stakeholders

Frequency of communication

Method of communication

Risks in communication

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

The risks are captured in the risk register.

114
Q

114Which of the following is not part of project artifacts?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Business case

Project charter

Project management plan

Marketing collaterals

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

This is not generated as part of the project. Hence, it is not an artifact.

115
Q

115Which formula is used to calculate Estimate to Complete (ETC)?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

AC+BAC

AC+EAC

BAC-EV

BAC or CPI

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Estimate to complete is calculated by adding AC to the revised budget EAC.

116
Q

116Which of the following is not a common cause for change requests?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Incorrect requirements

Inaccurate estimates

Change in business environment

Change in PM

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

A change in PM is not a change to the project.

117
Q

117The true test of effective training is demonstrated by ………………
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Increase in efforts

Increase in documentation

Increase in skill on the job

Increase in team bonding

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

An increase in skills on the job signifies productivity. Hence, this is the real measure of the effectiveness of training.

118
Q

118A project manager must facilitate and ensure collaboration while handling a virtual team. A virtual team member needs to include all of the following, except
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Shared goal

Clear purpose

Co-location

Clarity in role and responsibility

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Co-location refers to the team working from the same physical location.

119
Q

119As a project manager, you have identified the root cause of a quality problem and have identified the corrective action required. A change request is initiated and approved. Next you update the project plan to reflect the changes. What is the next step?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Document the causes of the variances and the steps taken to correct them

Prepare a report

Inform the customer

None of the above

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The changes made have to be updated in the plan along with the causes identified.

120
Q

120Which of the following tools will be most useful to bring visibility to the work done by the team members in a virtual team engagement?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Placards

Gantt chart

Kanban board

PMIS

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Kanban displays clearly the progress of work done and the work yet to be done for every team member.

121
Q

121The need of an individual for achievement, affiliation, and power drives his or her motivation. This theory was given by
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Victor Vroom

Maslow

Herzberg

Mcclelland

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Mcclelland’s theory talks about needs for achievement, affiliation and power driving the motivation.

122
Q

122The purpose is to focus on completing whole user stories in each sprint and verify that the capability is “potentially shippable.” What is being referred to here?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Retrospective

Customer meeting

Sprint review or demo

Kick-off meeting

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

At the end of every sprint, a demo is conducted with the customer, and feedback is obtained to validate what has been done.

123
Q

123You, as a project manager, are looking into defining an approach for subsequent releases by looking into availability of a set of features, time adherence for release and organizational tolerance for changes. What are you into?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Configuration management

Product scoping

Release management

Tolerance definition

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Planning for subsequent releases is referred to as release management.

124
Q

124Three point estimation is also known as
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

CERT method

PERT method

Mean method

Relative estimation method

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

PERT refers to program evaluation review technique.

125
Q

125Name the systematic approach that is used to estimate the strengths and weaknesses of alternatives and to determine options which provide the best approach to achieve benefits while preserving savings.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Root cause analysis

Benefit cost analysis

Data analysis

What-if analysis

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Benefit cost analysis helps to analyze the alternatives and provides benefits while preserving savings.

126
Q

126Your team has just completed a sprint and you have convened a closure meeting. A facilitator is also identified for the meeting and the product owner is also present. The team prepares two sheets and starts writing what went well and what can be improved. This meeting is known as
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Review meeting

Retrospective

Daily stand-up

None of the above

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The Retrospective includes identifying the areas for improvement for the next sprint.

127
Q

127A key attribute of servant leadership is to
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Motivate

Facilitate

Direct

Participate

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Servant leadership primarily focuses on facilitating and mentoring the team members.

128
Q

128When a project manager creates an environment for conducive performance, the team members are likely to
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Willingly collaborate

Waste less time

Focus on tasks better

All of the above

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

When the environment is conducive to performance, all the team members will perform well, and the project manager should create such an environment.

129
Q

129The objective of an AB Testing experiment is to
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Obtain trust of the customer

Ensure willingness of sponsor to invest

Enhance customer delight

Optimize the solution to the customer

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

AB Testing provides insight into a customer’s preference for one solution over the other.

130
Q

130You are planning a multimedia campaign for your digital marketing project. You are evaluating suitable vendors to provide the right solution at an affordable cost. You are examining the risks involved by looking at the uncertainties of supplies from both the vendors using computer modeling. What technique are you using?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

EMV

Simulation

Selection

None of the above

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

You simulate the outcomes to understand the uncertainties and arrive at a conclusion.

131
Q

131The Project Governance Board (PGB) may include all of the following members, except:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Sponsor

PMO

User representative

Team lead

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

The team lead is generally not part of the governance committee.

132
Q

132Your friend has bid for the project which is assigned to you and you see a potential conflict of interest. However, it is critical for you to support it with some technical inputs for evaluation. The best option for you would be to
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Go ahead with the selection

Disclose the conflict of interest to your sponsor and recuse from final selection

Seek direction of PMO

Ask your friend to withdraw participation

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

When there is a conflict of interest, it is always better to disclose and mitigate the conflict.

133
Q

133The response action to an issue is known as………………….
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Workaround

Problem solving

Tactic

Avoiding

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

A workaround is a solution to the issue, which minimizes the negative impact.

134
Q

134Which of the following is not generally a source for gathering lessons learned in projects?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Strategic management

Conflict management

Vendor management

Project charter

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

The Project charter does not include learned lessons.

135
Q

135Your quality team is analyzing the work performance information related to quality. They are focussing on defining the corrective actions required for the problems having the most impact on quality. Which of the following will be most useful?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Process analysis

Pareto chart

Scatter diagram

Control chart

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Based on the 80-20 rule, the pareto rule helps to focus on the critical reasons that cause quality issues.

136
Q

136You are working for a telecom project. It is mandatory to apply for a license to operate, which involves laying an optical fiber cable across 5000 km. Once the cable is laid, it needs to be tested with network traffic for which you need a license as per regulatory requirements. Due to an unforeseen delay, the license has not been received. This is due to the fact that your team is not able to proceed with conducting trials. This is an example of
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Impediment

Obstacle

Blocker

Hurdle

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Blockers cause stoppage of work.

137
Q

137…………………is a component of the project management plan that establishes the change control board, documents the extent of its authority, and describes how the change control system will be implemented.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Configuration management plan

Change management plan

Communication management plan

Change control board

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The plan documents the approach to handling change requests.

138
Q

138You are managing a global project for which you are assembling a virtual team comprising members from different countries. You notice that team formation is difficult in a virtual environment. The key challenge is to keep the team members engaged. All of the following are true about virtual team engagement except
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

It is critical to reinforce team’s mutual commitments and achievements

Requires more feedback and reinforcement of goals

Requires more effort for task accountability

Team members try to be more aggressive

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

This is not true in virtual engagement.

139
Q

139In a virtual team setting, what helps you to plan meetings and improve feedback and visibility of goals?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Chatbots

Scheduling assistant

Webinars

Calendar tool

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Calendar tools help to share calendars, which helps to collaborate and improve visibility of goals, tasks, and so on.

140
Q

140You are managing a large complex project. During execution, a number of risks come up, resulting in the project going out of control in terms of budget. Which of the following could have been the likely cause?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

No risk planning

No proper analysis of the risks

Improper risk response

All of the above

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Risk management includes planning, identifying, analyzing, planning responses, and so on.

141
Q

141In a request for proposal document, prepared for procurement, the source selection criteria is poorly defined. What is the likely impact of poorly defined selection criteria?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Vendors get better screened

Bidder conference becomes easy to handle

Ineligible vendors get qualified

Procurement is faster

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Selection criteria is like a gate. It must be properly defined to test the vendors’ capacity and capability for performance.

142
Q

142In a hybrid lifecycle project, how will a product be delivered?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

As single product delivery at the end

As product increments, based on value

As work packages of WBS

None of the above

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Multiple incremental deliveries are made in a hybrid lifecycle project.

143
Q

143You are developing a web portal. You are about to begin work on a work package, but before starting, you want to check the acceptance criteria. Out of the following documents, which will give you the required detail?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

WBS dictionary

Requirements documentation

Assumptions log

Terms of reference

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The WBS dictionary contains details on acceptance criteria, assumptions, and constraints.

144
Q

144You are managing an agile team, and it requires close interaction and collaboration. Which ceremony may be most useful for this?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Retrospective

Kanban board

Daily stand-ups

Sprint review or demo

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Daily stand-up meetings ensure that communication and collaboration happens regularly.

145
Q

145You are handling a transformational project for the organization. Which of the following will be a critical point in this?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

PMO

Organization culture and readiness for change

Sponsor’s willingness

Lessons learned

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The readiness of an organization to accept change is critical for any transformation.

146
Q

146You are leading a project that requires machinery. You have ordered the machinery, spares and other equipment required. You are allocating the space required for their installation. You are also earmarking some battery banks for backup power. What are you involved in?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Physical resource mobilization

Physical resource assignment

Resource histogram

Resource breakdown

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Physical resource assignment includes fulfilling machinery requirements that you need for the project.

147
Q

147The guidelines for assessing the impact on the project backlog based on business environment changes do not include
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Understanding the project’s organizational context

Understanding the external factors that may impact the project

Understanding project governance model

Understanding stakeholder risk attitude

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

The stakeholder’s risk attitude does not impact the project backlog. They are already taken into account while planning for risk management.

148
Q

148The components of Mckinsey’s 7S model for organizational change include all of the following, except
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Strategy

Solution

Shared values

Structure

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

7S includes strategy, structure, systems, shared values, skills, style, and staff.

149
Q

149As a project manager, when several issues impact your project and the budget or schedule, which of the following will you use?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Management reserve

Contingency reserve

Seek revised budget

None of the above

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Contingency reserves are under the control of the PM and can be used whenever required. These reserves are built as part of the baselines.

150
Q

150You are taking over a project that is highly technical and requires a lot of information assimilation and close sharing of information by all team members. What will be your focus as a project manager?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Capturing the information

Storing the information

Ensuring knowledge transfer and continuity

Capturing lessons learned

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Ensuring knowledge continuity is critical. The tacit knowledge should be made explicit.

151
Q

151A project is plagued with a number of issues and they are captured in the issue log. It was decided in the meetings that the issues would be closed at the earliest. Everyone thinks someone else is responsible for closure, and as a result, issues continue to be open. What is it that has not been done?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Issues are not tracked

Issue log is not maintained properly

Issues are not assigned to a owner

None of the above

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Assigning an owner to each issue is important to drive accountability.

152
Q

152The team is in the process of planning procurement and assessing risks related to procurement. What should be the next step?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Record the risks in risk register

Discuss with the sponsor

Evaluate the probability and impact of the risks

Wait for the risk to happen

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

As a risk is identified, it needs to be entered in the risk register.

153
Q

153Active listening includes three components, that are:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Understanding, reflecting, and confirming

Reflecting, attending, and following

Attention, reflection, and action

None of the above

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

These are 3 components of active listening-reflecting on what the person is saying, displaying changes in verbal and nonverbal behavior when the person is speaking, and confirming through questions to understand.

154
Q

154What is a point of management control in the WBS where scope, cost, and schedule are integrated and compared to earned value for performance management?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Planning package

Work package

Control account

Cost center

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

The control account is a point of control above the work packages in the WBS for tracking performance.

155
Q

155When it comes to estimation, the fundamental difference between the Predictive and Agile approaches is that in Agile, there is
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Benchmarking

Relative estimation

ROM estimation

Definitive estimation

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Relative estimation compares two user stories and helps to arrive at an estimate, instead of an absolute number as done in predictive projects.

156
Q

156An elicitation technique that brings together a set of pre-qualified stakeholders and subject matter experts with a purpose of learning more about the requirements for a product or service is called
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Focus group

Group discussion

Task force

Meeting

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

The focus group brings SMEs and key stakeholders together to discuss and understand product features and requirements.

157
Q

157How is the Minimum Viable Product (MVP) best described?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Minimum features in a product for the user to consider it functional

Best possible value for delivery

Collection of user stories in a sprint

Value possible within a release plan

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

MVP is the minimum number of features or the minimum value that can be delivered.

158
Q

158What is a formal or informal approach to eliciting information from stakeholders by talking with them directly known as?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Meeting

Brainstorming

Decision-making

Interviewing

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Interviews are face-to-face meetings with the stakeholders to collect information and derive an understanding of the requirements.

159
Q

159You notice an issue that has not been addressed for a long time by your team. In the next meeting with your team, you learn that the reason the issue has been kept open for a long time is due to a lack of consensus among stakeholders as to what should be done about the issue. What should you do in this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Discuss this with key stakeholders and proceed per their instructions

Wait for the consensus

Ask the team to generate a solution

Do nothing

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

Sometimes, when consensus is not possible, it is best to proceed with the key stakeholders’ suggestions.

160
Q

160Velocity, cycle time, throughput metrics, quality metrics are all tools to __________.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Set objectives

Motivate the team

Track performance of the team

Direct the team

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

These tools are used to track the performance of the team and keep track of their progress over time.

161
Q

161You have just assigned team members. As a part of the norming stage, you want the team to set clear rules on acceptable and unacceptable actions. What are these rules called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Thumb of rule

Ground rule

Norm rule

None of the above

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The rules the team members set for themselves are known as ground rules. These rules help ensure compliance.

162
Q

162Which of the following is NOT a guideline for conducting retrospectives?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Preparing for areas of focus

Having a moderator

Finding faults

Arriving at a consensus on areas for improvement

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Retrospectives are not used to find faults but to identify areas for improvement for the next sprint.

163
Q

163As a project manager, you need to create a healthy environment for team members to perform well. Which of the following would be least helpful to achieve this?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Clear team charter

Ensure team goes through storming stage early

Increase transparency

Involve sponsor in all meetings

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Involving the sponsor in all meetings is not going to help the team members improve their performances.

164
Q

164You are in the process of negotiating with your team members to arrive at an agreement on certain aspects of work. You will NOT negotiate on which of the following?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Deliverables

Priorities

Roles and responsibilities

Budget

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

The budget is not negotiated with the team members.

165
Q

165You have set the ground rules in an agreement with the team members. You notice that one of the team member keeps offending others in every meeting. This is a serious violation of the ground rule and calls for immediate action. What action should you take?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Issue a warning in writing

Replace the member

Report to the PMO

Do nothing

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

When a team member violates the ground rules, you can replace that team member.

166
Q

166What purpose does challenging the status quo this serve?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Helps the manager divide and rule the team

Brings fresh perspectives

Makes team members think

it doesn’t serve any purpose

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Encouraging team members to challenge the status quo brings fresh perspectives and out-of-the-box thinking that can lead to a beneficial solution for the project.

167
Q

167One of your team members is not performing well. You have given them feedback and a timeframe of one month to improve. After 6 weeks, you review the performance and discover that their performance has not improved. What should you do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Seek sponsor’s help

Write to PMO

Remove this team member and assign the work to a new resource

Give this team member some more time

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Under performing team members must be removed and replaced by more productive resources.

168
Q

168You decide to manage your team by setting objectives and tracking their performance. Which is the best way to go about setting objectives?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Throughout the life cycle

At the end of the phase

Annually

During the retrospective

A

Correct Option:A

EXPLANATION

It is best to track the performance of the team throughout their life cycle as a part of iteration planning.

169
Q

169As a project manager, you are aware that continuous feedback is essential for agility. What is the prime responsibility of a project manager when it comes to feedback?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Removing noise factors

Ensuring communication protocols are maintained

Ensuring appropriate and timely feedback

Selecting the right medium for communication

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Timely feedback is critical for conducting corrective actions.

170
Q

170Your earned value measurement returns a consumer price index (CPI) of 2.3. Your team is extremely happy but this makes you a little concerned. What is this CPI indicative of?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

The project is cost efficient

There is proper cost optimization

There is excellent cost estimation

There is a possible error in cost estimation

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Inaccurate cost estimation or excessive reserves can result in high CPI values, which is not good.

171
Q

171You notice that the motivation levels of your team members are low. You announce that some of them will be given an increment in pay. While almost all of them are happy, one team member says he is not too happy as he was expecting a promotion. What level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs does this refer to?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Actualization

Esteem need

Physiological need

Social need

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

This refers to third level of need, that is, esteem needs.

172
Q

172All of the following are examples of personality profile assessment models except:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Social style model

Disc assessment model

PERT model

Whole brain thinking model

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

PERT model is an estimation technique and is commonly known as three-point estimation.

173
Q

173___________ is a nominal group technique (NGT).
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Making group decision

Brainstorming with the group for ideas

Making group decisions using voting

Collecting user stories in a sprint

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Making group decisions using voting is an NGT.

174
Q

174Social skills are necessary for the project manager and all team members. Social skills include all of the following except:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Communication

Leadership

Empathy

Building bonds

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

Empathy is an interpersonal skills and not a social skill.

175
Q

175Emotional Intelligence includes personal and interpersonal skills. What does personal skills include? (Select all options that apply)
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)

Motivation

Empathy

Self awareness

Considerate

A

Correct Option:A, C

EXPLANATION

Self awareness and motivation are personal skills.

176
Q

176Being accountable for goals and well-ordered, satisfying obligations, and having a meticulous approach to work are all examples of being:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Disciplined

Good mannered

Kind

Conscientious

A

Correct Option:D

EXPLANATION

Being accountable for goals and well-ordered, satisfying obligations, and having a meticulous approach to work are all examples of being conscientious. This is an attribute of self-regulation that leads emotional intelligence.

177
Q

177Which of the following is an important element of the project management plan that keeps the business in mind?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Change management plan

Compliance management plan

Configuration management plan

Business management plan

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The compliance management plan contains the compliances required for the project and keeps the business in mind.

178
Q

178Which visualization tool improves the flow of work by making bottlenecks and work quantities visible?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Dashboard

Kanban board

White board

None of the above

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

Kanban boards improve the flow of work by making bottlenecks and work quantities more visible. Task boards include kanban boards, to-do lists, procedure checklists, and scrum boards.

179
Q

179A project reports an SPI of 0.78. What does this mean?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

The project is ahead of the schedule

The project is on schedule

The project is behind the schedule

None of the above

A

Correct Option:C

EXPLANATION

An SPI of 0.78 means that the project is progressing at 78% of the planned rate.

180
Q

180Two team members are discussing the benefits of coaching and mentoring as a group. The single largest benefit of group coaching is:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER

Team gets some time off work

Team learns and grows as one unit

Team feels happy

None of the above

A

Correct Option:B

EXPLANATION

The single largest benefit of group coaching is that the entire team grows as one unit, which increases the team’s bond.

PMP 2 (7 decks)

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