Test#4: Thrombocytes And Exotics Flashcards
What is Hemostasis?
The process that prevents and stops bleeding while maintaining blood in a fluid state within the circulatory system.
What are Thrombocytes?
Small blood cell fragments involved in clotting.
Define Thrombus.
A blood clot that forms in a vessel and remains there.
What is an Embolism?
A clot or foreign material that travels in the bloodstream and can block a vessel.
What is Von Willebrand’s Disease?
A genetic disorder causing defective platelet adhesion due to a deficiency of von Willebrand factor.
Define Hemophilia.
A genetic disorder where blood does not clot properly due to missing clotting factors.
What is Thrombocytopenia?
A condition of low platelet count, leading to increased bleeding risk.
What is a Cicatrice?
A scar formed after wound healing.
Define Eschar.
A dry, dark scab or slough that results from a burn or necrotic tissue.
What is Thrombin?
An enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin in the clotting process.
What does Melena indicate?
Black, tarry stools indicating upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
What are Petechiae?
Small red or purple spots on the skin due to minor bleeding under the skin.
What chemicals are released by sticky platelets?
- ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate)
- Thromboxane A2
- Serotonin
What are platelets derived from?
Fragments of megakaryocytes, large cells in the bone marrow.
List the functions of platelets.
- Forming a temporary platelet plug
- Releasing chemicals that promote clotting
- Supporting blood vessel repair and healing
Where are coagulation factors primarily produced?
In the liver.
Which clotting factor is present in plasma but not serum?
Fibrinogen (Factor I).
What hormone stimulates platelet production?
Thrombopoietin.
How many platelets can one megakaryocyte produce?
1,000–3,000 platelets.
How quickly can a clot start forming after injury?
Within 15–20 seconds.
What is Clotting Factor #1?
Fibrinogen.
What are the signs of thrombocytopenia?
- Petechiae
- Purpura
- Prolonged bleeding
- Spontaneous bleeding (e.g., nosebleeds or blood in urine)
Why is gentle blood collection important for clotting tests?
Damaging the blood vessel can activate clotting factors prematurely, leading to inaccurate test results.
What does DIC stand for?
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation.
Which vitamin deficiency affects clotting?
Vitamin K deficiency.
What does Buccal mucosa bleeding time (BMBT) measure?
How long it takes for small blood vessels in the mucosa to stop bleeding after being pricked.
Which animals have heterophils instead of neutrophils?
Birds, reptiles, amphibians, and rabbits.
Which animal has Kurloff bodies?
Guinea pigs.
Which species’ RBCs may sickle after collection?
Deer.
Which species has non-nucleated ovalocytes as normal RBCs?
Camelids (e.g., camels, llamas, alpacas).
Which animals are more prone to blood parasites?
Reptiles, birds, and some wild mammals.
What is the predominant leukocyte in rabbits?
Lymphocytes.
What is the CBC interpretation of bacterial infection in rabbits?
A heterophilic response may show heterophilia with a left shift.
Which animal has more basophils than other mammals?
Ferrets.
What is the maximum blood collection volume per single draw?
Should not exceed 1% of body weight.
