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VET103 > test#2 platyhelminthes & protozoa > Flashcards

test#2 platyhelminthes & protozoa Flashcards

1
Q

cestoides

A

tapeworms

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2
Q

trematodes

A

flukes

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3
Q

indirect life cycles

A
  • may involve one or more intermediate hosts
    -bladderworms
    -definitive host is infected by ingesting bladderworm inside an intermediate host
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4
Q

eucestoda

A

true tapeworms

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5
Q

cotyloda

A

pseudotapeworms

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6
Q

order eucestoda info

A

-segmented worms proglottids
-1st segment is the scolex
-has 2-4 acetabula (suckers may have hooks)
-some species have a rostellum
- the body is known as strobili( (segmented)
-unarmed scolex= lacking a rostellum
-mature proglottids along the body can mate with other proglottids of the same worm or can self-fertiize

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7
Q

eucestoda life cycle

A

-only gravid uterus is left..
-hexacanth embryo
-released in feces
- segments in environment are still living (often can move)
-dry up, crack, release eggs

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8
Q

pyriform apparatus type

A

egg with 3 coverings, the innermost is pear shaped

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9
Q

dipylidium

A

packet containing multiple hexacanths within one egg

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10
Q

taenia type

A

wide outer shell with a thicker outer covering & a 6 hooked hexacanth within the egg

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11
Q

pseudophyllidean type

A

ressemble the ancyclostoma egg, however it has an operculum at one end

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12
Q

what happens after the eggs are ingested by the intermediate host

A

-developinto metacestode (laval) stage
-this stage may be in the forrm of a :
~ cysticercoid
~ cysticercus
~ coenurus
~ hydatid cyst
~ tetrathyridium
-definitive host becomes infected after ingesting the intermediate host containing the larva

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13
Q

true tapeworms (4)

A

-dipylidium caninum
-taenia spp
-echinococcus spp
-mesocestoides

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14
Q

Pseudotapeworms (2)

A

-spirometra spp
-diphyllobothrium latum

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15
Q

dipylidium caninum : intermediate host

A

infect adult fleas in cysticercoid (metacestode stage)

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16
Q

Taenia ovis, Taenia pisiformis, Taenia hydatigena: intermediate host

A

rabbits or ruminants (depending on species)

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17
Q

what happens after a (Taenia ovis, Taenia pisiformis, Taenia hydatigena) larva
migrates outside of the digestive tract:

A

attach themselves to the greater omentum or abdominal organs and encapsulate themselves into a fluid-filled bladder (called a cysticercus)

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18
Q

Taenia taeniaeformis: intermediate host

A

rabbits or rodents

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19
Q

Echinococcus granulosusEchinococcus multicularis: intermediate host

A

ruminant, rodent, human (hydatid cyst disease)

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20
Q

granulosis

A

single,thick-capsuled cyst

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21
Q

multicularis

A

can have multiple cysts, thin membrane

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22
Q

mesocestoides spp: 2 intermediate host

A
  1. oribatid mite
  2. rats & mice

only true tapeworm that uses two intermediate hosts

23
Q

Moniezia spp: intermediate host

A

ruminants ( cattle,sheep & goats)

24
Q

equine tapeworms: intermediate host

A

oribatid grain mites

25
taenia saginata: intermediate host
cattle (human tapeworm) *beef measles*
26
taenia solium: intermediate host
pigs (human tapeworm)
27
what are protozoans
- single-cell organisms
28
sarcomastogophora
move via flagellum or pseudopods
29
apicomplexa
move via undulatory ridges
30
ciliphora
move via cilia
31
trophozoite
motile, feeding stage of a protozoan
32
Cyst
an environmentally resistant form that shows very little activity, until it comes into more favorable conditions. stage that can be passed onto a new host
33
subphylum mastigophora
flagellates
34
superclass sarcodina
amoeba
35
phyla apicomplexans
-most diverse & complicated group -found within cells of the intestinal lining, or blood cells -cyst stage is called an oocyst
36
phyla ciliphora
- covered with tiny short cilia over most of their bod surface -also have trophozoite & cyst stages
37
what is used to find cysts on standard flotation
-zinc zulfate -sheather sugar solution -ELISA tests
38
balantidium coli: transmission
mainly associated with pigs **zoonotic**
39
cystoisospora spp: transmission
ingestion of oocysts **NOT zoonotic** fecal oral route
40
what is auto-infection/ super infection
oocysts that are released never make it into the environment in the feces, but instead infect the same host in which they reside without leaving.
41
where do oocysts reproduce
within the intestinal cell until the cell bursts open
42
Toxoplasma gondii: transmission
ingestion of sporulated oocysts **zoonotic** intende host is cat
43
toxoplasma gondii: life cycle
-bradyzoites emerge from oocyst and enter macrophages - blood stream distributes parasite throughout the tissues or the body -asexually replicate to cysts - the cysts remain in tissues
44
cryptosporidium spp: transmission
ingestion of oocysts **zoonotic** most significant in young calves
45
cryptosporidium spp
-fecal oral route -can be picked up in infected soil, vegetation, water… -release oocysts in feces *tiniest of the protozoan parasites*
46
sarcocystis spp: transmission
Ingestion of muscle of horses, pigs, and ruminants **NOT zoonotic**
47
eimeria spp: transmission
ingestion of oocysts **NOT zonotic** species specific can be significant in rabbits
48
trypanosoma spp: tranmission
ingestion of intermediate host, reduviid bug, or feces of reduviid bug left on mucus membranes of the final host *extracellular* **zoonotic***
49
leishmania spp: trransmission
bite by infective intermediate host (sand flies) **zoonotic** hemoprotozoan
50
babesia spp: transmission
bit of an infective tic **NOT zoonotic** intracellular parasite of dogs lives and multiplies in red bloood cells
51
tritrichomona foetus: transmission
sexual **NOT zoonotic** causes a STD that affects fertility and causes spontaneous abortion and pyometra -only a trophozoite form -in recent years has been recognized in cats as a possible cause of chronic diarrhea( infects intestinal tract
52
rickettsial parasites
group of obligate intracellular gram- negative bacteria
53
rickettsiaceae genera include:(3)
rickettsia orientia coxiella
54
anaplasmataceae genera include: (4)
anaplasma ehrlichia wolbachia neorickettsia

VET103 (8 decks)

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