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VET103 > test#2 platyhelminthes & protozoa > Flashcards

test#2 platyhelminthes & protozoa Flashcards

1
Q

cestoides

A

tapeworms

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2
Q

trematodes

A

flukes

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3
Q

indirect life cycles

A
  • may involve one or more intermediate hosts
    -bladderworms
    -definitive host is infected by ingesting bladderworm inside an intermediate host
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4
Q

eucestoda

A

true tapeworms

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5
Q

cotyloda

A

pseudotapeworms

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6
Q

order eucestoda info

A

-segmented worms proglottids
-1st segment is the scolex
-has 2-4 acetabula (suckers may have hooks)
-some species have a rostellum
- the body is known as strobili( (segmented)
-unarmed scolex= lacking a rostellum
-mature proglottids along the body can mate with other proglottids of the same worm or can self-fertiize

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7
Q

eucestoda life cycle

A

-only gravid uterus is left..
-hexacanth embryo
-released in feces
- segments in environment are still living (often can move)
-dry up, crack, release eggs

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8
Q

pyriform apparatus type

A

egg with 3 coverings, the innermost is pear shaped

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9
Q

dipylidium

A

packet containing multiple hexacanths within one egg

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10
Q

taenia type

A

wide outer shell with a thicker outer covering & a 6 hooked hexacanth within the egg

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11
Q

pseudophyllidean type

A

ressemble the ancyclostoma egg, however it has an operculum at one end

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12
Q

what happens after the eggs are ingested by the intermediate host

A

-developinto metacestode (laval) stage
-this stage may be in the forrm of a :
~ cysticercoid
~ cysticercus
~ coenurus
~ hydatid cyst
~ tetrathyridium
-definitive host becomes infected after ingesting the intermediate host containing the larva

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13
Q

true tapeworms (4)

A

-dipylidium caninum
-taenia spp
-echinococcus spp
-mesocestoides

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14
Q

Pseudotapeworms (2)

A

-spirometra spp
-diphyllobothrium latum

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15
Q

dipylidium caninum : intermediate host

A

infect adult fleas in cysticercoid (metacestode stage)

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16
Q

Taenia ovis, Taenia pisiformis, Taenia hydatigena: intermediate host

A

rabbits or ruminants (depending on species)

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17
Q

what happens after a (Taenia ovis, Taenia pisiformis, Taenia hydatigena) larva
migrates outside of the digestive tract:

A

attach themselves to the greater omentum or abdominal organs and encapsulate themselves into a fluid-filled bladder (called a cysticercus)

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18
Q

Taenia taeniaeformis: intermediate host

A

rabbits or rodents

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19
Q

Echinococcus granulosusEchinococcus multicularis: intermediate host

A

ruminant, rodent, human (hydatid cyst disease)

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20
Q

granulosis

A

single,thick-capsuled cyst

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21
Q

multicularis

A

can have multiple cysts, thin membrane

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22
Q

mesocestoides spp: 2 intermediate host

A
  1. oribatid mite
  2. rats & mice

only true tapeworm that uses two intermediate hosts

23
Q

Moniezia spp: intermediate host

A

ruminants ( cattle,sheep & goats)

24
Q

equine tapeworms: intermediate host

A

oribatid grain mites

25
Q

taenia saginata: intermediate host

A

cattle (human tapeworm)
beef measles

26
Q

taenia solium: intermediate host

A

pigs (human tapeworm)

27
Q

what are protozoans

A
  • single-cell organisms
28
Q

sarcomastogophora

A

move via flagellum or pseudopods

29
Q

apicomplexa

A

move via undulatory ridges

30
Q

ciliphora

A

move via cilia

31
Q

trophozoite

A

motile, feeding stage of a protozoan

32
Q

Cyst

A

an environmentally resistant form that shows very little activity, until it comes into more favorable conditions.
stage that can be passed onto a new host

33
Q

subphylum mastigophora

A

flagellates

34
Q

superclass sarcodina

A

amoeba

35
Q

phyla apicomplexans

A

-most diverse & complicated group
-found within cells of the intestinal lining, or blood cells
-cyst stage is called an oocyst

36
Q

phyla ciliphora

A
  • covered with tiny short cilia over most of their bod surface
    -also have trophozoite & cyst stages
37
Q

what is used to find cysts on standard flotation

A

-zinc zulfate
-sheather sugar solution
-ELISA tests

38
Q

balantidium coli: transmission

A

mainly associated with pigs
zoonotic

39
Q

cystoisospora spp: transmission

A

ingestion of oocysts
NOT zoonotic
fecal oral route

40
Q

what is auto-infection/ super infection

A

oocysts that are released never make it into the environment in the feces, but instead infect the same host in which they reside without leaving.

41
Q

where do oocysts reproduce

A

within the intestinal cell until the cell bursts open

42
Q

Toxoplasma gondii: transmission

A

ingestion of sporulated oocysts
zoonotic
intende host is cat

43
Q

toxoplasma gondii: life cycle

A

-bradyzoites emerge from oocyst and enter macrophages
- blood stream distributes parasite throughout the tissues or the body
-asexually replicate to cysts
- the cysts remain in tissues

44
Q

cryptosporidium spp: transmission

A

ingestion of oocysts
zoonotic
most significant in young calves

45
Q

cryptosporidium spp

A

-fecal oral route
-can be picked up in infected soil, vegetation, water…
-release oocysts in feces
tiniest of the protozoan parasites

46
Q

sarcocystis spp: transmission

A

Ingestion of muscle of horses, pigs, and ruminants
NOT zoonotic

47
Q

eimeria spp: transmission

A

ingestion of oocysts
NOT zonotic
species specific
can be significant in rabbits

48
Q

trypanosoma spp: tranmission

A

ingestion of intermediate host, reduviid bug, or feces of reduviid bug left on mucus membranes of the final host
extracellular
zoonotic*

49
Q

leishmania spp: trransmission

A

bite by infective intermediate host (sand flies)
zoonotic
hemoprotozoan

50
Q

babesia spp: transmission

A

bit of an infective tic
NOT zoonotic
intracellular parasite of dogs
lives and multiplies in red bloood cells

51
Q

tritrichomona foetus: transmission

A

sexual
NOT zoonotic
causes a STD that affects fertility and causes spontaneous abortion and pyometra
-only a trophozoite form
-in recent years has been recognized in cats as a possible cause of chronic diarrhea( infects intestinal tract

52
Q

rickettsial parasites

A

group of obligate intracellular gram- negative bacteria

53
Q

rickettsiaceae genera include:(3)

A

rickettsia
orientia
coxiella

54
Q

anaplasmataceae genera include: (4)

A

anaplasma
ehrlichia
wolbachia
neorickettsia

VET103 (6 decks)

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