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OU PharmCare Fall 2017 > Test 4 Immunization > Flashcards

Test 4 Immunization Flashcards

1
Q

Difference in polysaccharide and conjugate polysaccharide vaccines in children younger than 2 years

A
  • polysaccharide: not consistently immunogenic in children younger than 2 years
  • conjugate polysaccharide: increased immunogenicity in children younger than 2 years
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2
Q

Universal contraindication for all vaccines

A

Severe allergy (immediate and lifethreatening anaphylaxis) to a vaccine component following a previous dose

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3
Q

False contraindications

A
  • Minor illness
  • Allergies to products not in the vaccine
  • Allergies that are not immediate and life-threatening
  • Pregnancy in the household
  • Breastfeeding
  • Premature birth (time on actual age, not gestational)
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4
Q

What are other contraindications?

A
  • do not administer live vaccine if patient has received a live vaccine or blood product within the past 28 days
  • do not administer live vaccine if patient is pregnant
  • do not administer live vaccine if patient is immunocompromised
  • do not administer live vaccine if patient is taking high dose of steroid every day (Prednisone dose of 2 mg/kg/day or more or 20 mg/day for 14 days or more)
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5
Q

influenza vaccine target population

A
  • can be given during any time throughout pregnancy
  • Children 6 months through 8 years receiving influenza vaccination for the first time need 2 doses, administered at least 4 weeks apart
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6
Q

Tdap target population

A
  • given to every pregnant women after 30 weeks of gestation
  • If not given in pregnancy, administer as soon as possible post-partum
  • Boostrix (GSK) 10 years or older
  • Adacel (Sanofi Pasteur) 11 to 64 years
  • 65 years and older, recommend Boostrix but can use Adacel if that’s the olny thing in stock
  • get it every 10 years
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7
Q

Dosing of Influenza Vaccine

A
  • get vaccine soon after it is available; no later than October
  • 6 months to 35 months: 0.25 mL IM
  • 3 years to 9 years: 0.5 mL IM
  • 9 years and older: 0.5 mL IM
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8
Q

Pneumovax 23 target population

A
  • All people 65 years and older
  • People 19–64 years old who smoke cigarettes
  • People 19–64 years old who have asthma
  • People at least 2 years old with chronic illness
  • For immunosuppressed, asplenia, or sickle cell patients, second dose recommended within 5 years if under 65
  • Patients < 65 with cochlear implants or CSF leaks
  • Recommend one dose of PPSV23 for patients 65 years and older who received 1 or 2 doses at least 5 years ago
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9
Q

Pneumovax 23 dosing

A

0.5 mL IM (or SC)

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10
Q

Prevnar 13 target population

A
  • Indicated for ages 6 weeks through 5 years (Routine schedule: 2, 4, 6, 12 to 15 months)
  • ACIP recommended in all adults >=65 years
  • No additional PCV13 is needed if a dose was given before age of 65
  • ACIP recommended in patients with cochlear implants, CSF leaks, immunosuppression, asplenia, sickle cell disease
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11
Q

Pneumovax and Prevnar combination

A
  • if over 65: Give PCV13 followed by PPSV23 one year later

- if vaccinated with PPSV23 at age 65 years or older: Give PCV13 one year after the PPSV23

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12
Q

Varicella Vaccine

A
  • Live attenuated virus vaccine

- against chicken pox

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13
Q

Varicella target population

A
  • Children get varicella at 12 months and again at 4-6 years

- All adults without evidence of immunity to varicella should receive 2 doses at least 4 weeks apart

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14
Q

Zostavax Vaccine

A
  • against shingles

- Live attenuated virus vaccine

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15
Q

Zostavax target population

A
  • for ACIP: >= 60

- FDA approved for prevention in 50 and up

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16
Q

Shingrix Vaccine

A
  • Non-live, recombinant, adjuvanted vaccine
  • for shingles
  • 2 dose series 6 months apart
17
Q

Shingrix target population

A
  • adults at least 50 years old

- Recommended in those previously vaccinated w/Zostavax

18
Q

DTaP vaccine

A
  • Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed
  • inactive toxoid vaccine
19
Q

Tdap vaccine

A
  • Tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis
  • inactive toxoid vaccine
20
Q

What is the difference between DTaP and Tdap?

A

Tdap has lower diphtheria and acellular pertussis dose to avoid local reactions in adults

21
Q

DTaP target population

A

younger than 7 years

22
Q

Hepatitis A vaccine

A

inactivated vaccine

23
Q

Hepatitis A target population

A
  • All infants at least 1 year old (For all children 1 to 2 years old)
  • People with chronic liver disease
  • Men who have sex with men
  • Illicit drug users
  • People receiving clotting factor concentrates
  • Travelers
24
Q

Hepatitis B vaccine

A

inactivated vaccine

25
Q

Human papillomavirus (HPV9) vaccine

A

inactivated vaccine

26
Q

Human papillomavirus (HPV9) target population

A
  • 9-14 years get the 2 dose series
  • 3-dose series is an option for ages 9 through 26 years
  • 3-dose series is the only option for anyone 15 to 25 years of age
  • Immunocompromised patients need 3 doses regardless of age
  • If 2nd dose given prior to 6 months after 1st dose, 3rd dose is needed
27
Q

Measles, Mumps, Rubella Vaccine

A
  • Live-attenuated

- Contraindications: Allergy to gelatin or neomycin, pregnancy, immunosuppression, receipt of blood products

28
Q

Measles, Mumps, Rubella target population

A
  • 2 dose series for children 12-15 months, 4-6 years
  • Born before 1957 considered immune
  • High risk patients:
    •Health care personnel
    •college students
    •international travelers
    •nonpregnant women of childbearing age without evidence of immunity to rubella
    •patients with HIV if CD4 count adequate or if given before antiretroviral therapy
29
Q

Haemophilus influenzae Type B (Hib) vaccine

A

inactivated vaccine

30
Q

Polio vaccine

A

inactivated vaccine

31
Q

Polio target population

A

all kids

32
Q

Rotavirus Vaccine

A
  • Live attenuated vaccines
  • Contraindicated in children with moderatesever gastrointestinal problems, severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and history of intussusception
33
Q

Rotavirus target population

A
  • Minimum age for first dose: 6 weeks
  • Maximum age for first dose: 14 weeks 6 days
  • Maximum age for final dose: 8 months 0 days
34
Q

Rotavirus target population

A
  • don’t know about this one

OU PharmCare Fall 2017 (22 decks)

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