Test 3 General Nutrition

Question 1

men IBW

Answer 1

106 + (6 x Ht (in.) over 5’)

Question 2

women IBW

Answer 2

100 + (5 x Ht (in.) over 5’)

Question 3

nutritional status based on IBW

Answer 3

• several malnutrition if <70%
• normal weight if 91-120%
• overweight if >120%
• obese if >150%

Question 4

DRI for adults

Answer 4

• fat: 20-35%
• carbs: 45-65%
• protein: 10-35%

Question 5

What happens to our need of protein as we get older?

Answer 5

the older we get, the less protein we need

Question 6

What happens to our need of calories as we get older?

Answer 6

the older we get, the less calories we need

Question 7

What is the estimated energy needs for adults with no to mild stress?

Answer 7

25-30 Kcal/kg

Question 8

protein g/kg

Answer 8

0.8 g/kg

Question 9

geriatrics nutrition

Answer 9

• energy need decrease 5% each decade
• metabolism slows down
• protein needs are individualized
• important to eat nutrient dense foods
• at risk for dehydration (make sure pt is consuming 30mL/kg)
• least restrictive diet possible is recommended

Question 10

obesity pts’ nutrition

Answer 10

• modify behavior to take in fewer calories
• increase activity
• do not recommend fads and diets
• low calorie diets (<800cal/day) must not be done without medical supervision
• try not to recommend anything <1200cal/day

Question 11

IBS pts’ nutrition

Answer 11

• symptoms: belly pain, gas, diarrhea, constipation
• individualized diet
• eliminate gas producing foods: carbonated beverages, vegetables, and raw fruit
• FODMAPs: eliminate fructose, fructans, lactose and other carbs
• Medications: fiber, loperamide, bile acid binders, anticholinergic, antispasmodic, antidepressants, antibiotics
• if stress is the cause, may consider counseling
• limit dairy, lower fat diet, caution with fiber

Question 12

celiac disease nutrition

Answer 12

• immune reaction to gluten (found in wheat, barley, and rhye)
• must be on gluten-free diet
• vitamin / mineral supplements may be necessary if malnutrition results

Question 13

liver disease nutrition

Answer 13

• modify Na, K, and fluid intake
• restrict protein (as low as 0.5g/kg)
• small frequent amounts of protein
• dairy and vegetable protein may be more tolerated

Question 14

renal disease nutrition

Answer 14

• monitor protein intake during pre-dialysis
• lower protein to spare the kidneys (0.6-0.8g/kg)
• during peritoneal dialysis, increase protein (to 1.1-1.5g/kg)
• at least 50% of protein should be high biological value (from animals; contain all essential aa)

Question 15

diabetes nutrition

Answer 15

• plate method: high in fiber, low in fat, moderate carbs
• life style change to include healthy eating and activity
• DMI: carbs determine insulin dose
• DMII: carbs not to exceed insulin activity

Question 16

heart disease nutrition

Answer 16

• high fiber, low fat
• intake should be: fruit, veg, whole grains, fish, skinless poultry, nuts, legumes
• DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)

Question 17

oncology nutrition

Answer 17

• prevent or correct malnutrition
• calorie dense
• nutrient dense foods
• high protein foods

Question 18

metabolic stress nutrition

Answer 18

• can be caused by burns, hypoxia, trauma, sepsis, major surgery
• stress in the body = need more protein and calories for body healing
• protein needs can be as high as 4.0g/kg body weight
• stress factors: Minor operation 1.2; Major sepsis 1.60-1.90; Severe burn 2.10-2.5