TEST 4 Flashcards
what animals are in the suborder Sauria
lizards
what kind of environment are lizards found in
- terrestrial
- marine
what animals are in suborder serperites
snakes
what kind of limbs do snakes have
limbless
true or false: snakes have great vision
false
do snakes have an external tympanum
no
how many species of crocodiles are there
21
what kind of heart do crocodiles have
4 chamber heart
what kind of skull do crocodiles have
dorsal-ventrally flattened skull
describe the eye sockets of crocodiles
triangular eye sockets
what kind of teeth do crocodiles have
laterally compressed teeth
true or false: crocodiles do a lot of parenting
true
what kind of external structures does class reptilia have
scales
define ecdysis
shedding
special feature of scales
they are water proof
true or false: some animals in class reptilia have chromatophores
true
what are the 5 uses of chromatophores
- camouflage
- courtship
- territory
- sex
- species
how do salamanders walk
zig zag
how do lizards walk
straight line
why do lizards walk in a straight line and salamanders don’t
because lizards have medially mounted legs
2 pros of having medially mounted legs
- belly is off the ground
- straight line motion
is class reptilia carnivores or herbivores
- most are carnivores
- very few are herbivores
what kind of tongue does class reptilia have
sticky
true or false : there are no animals in class reptilia that are venomous
false
what animals have a pineal eye
snakes
describe the pineal eye
- not focusable
- light/dark
circadian rhythm
timing of life events
zeitgeber
Environmental stimulus that sets circadian rhythm
how does class reptilia hear
tympanum
what is the tympanum sensitive to
air-borne sounds
what do snakes/lizards use to smell
Jacobson’s organ
how does the Jacobson’s organ work
allows snakes to smell left and right
what does class reptilia use to detect heat
pit organ
what kind of animals does the pit organ detect
endothermic animals
what kind of waste is secreted in class reptilia
uric acid
in class reptilia are animals dioecious or monoecious
dioecious
how does class reptilia reproduce
- very few do asexual reproduction
- internal fertilization
what is the egg called in class reptilia
amniotic egg
what are the extra mmbs in the amniotic egg
- allantois
- yolk sac
- ammion
- chorion
describe class aves heart
- 4 heart chambers
is class aves endothermic or ectothermic
endothermic
external structures in class aves
- scales
- claws
- beaks
- feathers
function of down feathers
insulation
what is filoplume feathers sensitive to
air current sensitive
what are contour feathers used for
flight
what is special about the bones of class aves
- gas filled
- strutted
true or false: class aves does not have any teeth
true
function of wings in class aves
create lift for flight
thoracic, lumbar, sacral vertebrae are fused together to make what
synsacrum
fused caudal vertebrae
pygostyle
function of the keeled sternum
increases sa for flight muscle attachment
fused clavicles
furculum
fused carpals
carpometacarpus
function of carpometacarpus
allows wing to move quickly w/o bending
how do birds and planes fly
air foil
for flight lift has to be (more than or less than) gravity
more than
for flight thrust has to be (more than or less than) drag
more than
how do the pectoralis move the wings
down and forward
how does the supracoracoideus move the wings
up and back
true or false: birds have a very inefficient digestive track
false
what do birds excrete
uric acid
what reproductive strategy are birds
oviparous
oviparous def
young are hatched in eggs
monogamous
1 male and 1 female
polygynous
1 male and many females
polyandrous
many males and 1 female
what is a group of eggs called
clutch
describe precocial baby animal
- not naked
- aware
- motile
- cute
describe altricial baby animal
- naked
- unaware
- not motile
- ugly
what kinds of birds have a great sense of smell
- vultures
- detrivores
how is bird’s vision
well developed
true or false: diurnal birds have better color vision than nocturnal birds
true
what are cones sensitive to
wavelength
what are cones not sensitive to
light
what are rods sensitive to
light
what are rods not sensitive to
wavelength
do nocturnal animals have more rods or cones
rods
do birds have pinna
no
how do birds know where to go when they migrate
- earth’s magnetic field
- celestial bodies
what kind of heart does class mammalia have
4 chambers
what does class mammalia have for external anatomy
- hair
- claws
what reproductive strategy does class mammalia use
- oviparous
- viviparous
coordinated response to a stimulus
behavior
anything perceived
stimulus
fixed action pattern
stimulation via sign stimulus
modified based on experience
learned behaviors
what kind of learning decides what kind of animal you are
Imprinting
classical Conditioning
associate 2 unrelated stimuli
what kind of learning is based on consequence
operant conditioning
habituation
learn to ignore a stimulus
what kind of learning teaches you to get along in your environment
spatial learning
insight learning
combine previous lessons to solve new problems
is verbal comm limited to line of sight
no
is verbal comm long or short lived
short
true or false: verbal comm signals vary greatly
true
is odor limited to line of sight
no
is odor long or short lived
long
what does odor communicate
- territory
- reproductive status
- identity
- rank
is color comm limited to line of sight
yes
is color comm long or short lived
long
what does color communicate
- rank
- species
- age
- sex
is posture comm limited to line of sight
yes
is posture comm short or long lived
short
what does posture communicate
emotion
rank
is movement comm limited to line of sight
yes
is movement comm short or long lived
short
what does movement communicate
- emotion
- courtship
what does a tactile display show
- affection
- location of food
one is choosy
sexual selection
which sex is more choosy during sexual selection
the rarer sex
