Test 4 Flashcards
What is different about conducting extinction of behaviors that were developed by positive versus negative reinforcement methods?
Positive reinforcement you gradually stop the reinforcer negative reinforcement continues the stimuli
How do extinction burst and spontaneous recovery differ?
Extinction burst is when you are responsible to a behavior in the beginning phase and spontaneous recovery is a behavior that isn’t reinforced
How do schedules of reinforcement affect extinction?
The schedule affects it by positive reinforcement is gradual and negative is continuous
How is extinction used in exposure based treatments for anxiety?
- Desensitization is taking baby steps until anxiety stops
- Flooding is an overwhelmed situation
- Graduated exposure is making baby steps without relaxation period
_____________ is the behavior that a person deliberately undertakes to achieve self selected outcome.
Self-control
What is self recruited reinforcement and who might use this strategy?
Individual prompts others to evaluate their behaviors and provide attention or praise for that performance. A teacher
____________ is to teach clients specific techniques for regulating their own responses in the natural environment.
Biofeedback
What are the strengths and limitation of self help resources?
Strengths
- Permits various techniques to be more widely extended to the public.
- Can help those who do not come to treatment or whose problems are bothersome them or to others but not sufficiently debilitating bring them to treatment.
- May serve as first step for people in Tx
Limitations
- Need research on effectiveness which problems and for whom
- Adherence to the procedures
What percent of the population meets criteria for a diagnosable psychiatric condition?
25%
What percentage of those population do not receive treatment?
70%
What is more costly to society?
Substance abuse
Behavior therapy expanded into _____________
cognitive behavior therapy
______________ and _____________ are the most common targets of Cognitive Behavior Therapy
current determinants and behavior
What are the interventions that Kazdin outlined to be evidence based?
Habituation, Flooding, Graduated exposure, Counter Conditioning, Relaxation training
What are examples of pivotal responses that are targeted?
Motivation to respond to social and environmental stimuli
Self initiation
Sociolization
___________ created the Rational Emotive Behavior Psychotherapy that was based on the irrational thinking
Albert Ellis
____________ developed the Cognitive Therapy for Depression and that it emphasizes the negative cognitive triad.
Aaron Beck
What is the negative cognitive triad?
Negative thoughts towards self, world, and future
What are the 5 problem solving skills that relate to adjustment
- Alternative Solution thinking
- Means end Thinking
- Consequential Thinking
- Causal Thinking
Sensitivity to interpersonal problems
_____________ developed the Dialectical Behavior Therapy “ DBT”
Marsha Linehan
____________ is one of the few empirically supported treatment approaches for working with suicidal patients.
DBT
What does DBT synthesize?
Change and acceptance
What are challenges to getting evidence based or empirically supported treatments out to clinicians?
- No financial incentive to Tx developers so no money advertising
- Training programs don’t typically train EBTs
- Little incentive to clinicians to stop work to get training
- Patients rarely push for latest Tx
- Not all clinical problems have a EBT available
