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SEM IV - Advanced Rad Imaging > Test 4 > Flashcards

Test 4 Flashcards

0
Q

Gated imaging is

A

another technique for improving image quality in areas of the body in which involuntary patient motion is a problem such as breathing and heart beat

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1
Q

Magnetic field strength is measured in

A

Tesla (T) or Gauss (G)

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2
Q

In superconducting magnets, the wire loops are

A

cooled to a very low temperature with liquid helium to reduce amount of resistance in the wire

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3
Q

To generage MR image, technologist selects a group of scanning parameters know as a

A

Pulse sequence

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4
Q

One way to identify if a patient has had an MRI scan or a CT scan is to

A

ask was it very noisy

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5
Q

The system used to convert mathematical data into images is called

A

Fourier Transform

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6
Q

MRI is especially useful in the study of

A

spinal cord disease

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7
Q

Objects containing magnetic metal may be attracted to the imaging magnet with

A

sufficient force to injure patients or personnel working with MRI

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8
Q

Hydrogen is used for imaging in MRI because

A

it is the most common element in the body

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9
Q

One advantage of MRI imaging over computed tomography (CT) is

A

no ionizing radiation is used for the test

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10
Q

In MRI, the element that we scan for most frequently within the body is

A

Hydrogen

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11
Q

The MRI signal is generated in the receiving antenna by

A

Faraday’s law of induction

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12
Q

There are a variety of magnet types that can be used for MRI.

A

Yup

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13
Q

Resistive and superconductive magnets are both electromagnets

A

Yup

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14
Q

The most common type of magnet used in MRI imaging is

A

Superconducting

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15
Q

There ARE contraindications for patients to receive an

A

MRI Scan

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16
Q

Gating techniques are used to organize the signal so that

A

only the signal received during a specific part of the cardiac or respiratory cycle is used for image production

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17
Q

Generally MRI is considered safe; however, there are some hazards, which would include

A

local burns from wires on a patient

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18
Q

Gadolinium is a contrast agent used for MRI because it has paramagnetic properties. Compared with iodine contrast,

A

it is less toxic and has fewer side effects

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19
Q

MRI has been useful for imaging many areas of the body, particularly

A

the brain, due to differentiation of gray matter from white matter

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20
Q

The specialty using sound waves in the diagnosis of disease is

A

diagnostic medical sonography

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21
Q

The term used to describe an ultrasound echo pattern that is similar throughout a structure or mass is

A

homogeneous

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22
Q

MRI uses the motion of the atoms of the element it is looking at to

A

create the images we see

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23
Q

Sometimes examinations in the abdominal cavity are difficult to perform due to

A

air or gas in the GI Tract

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24
Q

The dampening material in a transducer

A

absorbs the unwanted waves and limits the number of pulses in the wave

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25
Q

Some transducers are shaped for

A

organ systems they examine and each has a range of frequencies for the best possible image

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26
Q

Ultrasound utilizes two planes,

A

longitudinal and transverse, when scanning a patient

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27
Q

advantages of using Ultrasound over other imaging modalities is that

A

it is less expensive, it uses non-ionizing radiation, and it’s mobility

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28
Q

The term acoustic impedance refers to

A

the amount of interference (acoustic pressure) in relation to the ultrasound beam

29
Q

Each transducer has built into it

A

markings that designate orientation

30
Q

The frequency for diagnostic ultrasound is in the range of

A

1 to 10 MHz

31
Q

The principle on which the ultrasound transducer operates is the

A

piezoelectric effect

32
Q

An acoustic wave refers to

A

the mechanical vibration that translates through a medium

33
Q

A sound wave requires particles to

A

interact with in order to travel. If particles are not present, such as in a vacuum, there will be no sound

34
Q

Diagnostic Ultrasound uses

A

nonionizing, high frequency sound waves to generate an image of a particular soft tissue structure in the body

35
Q

Sonography can be enhanced with Doppler measurements, which employ the

A

Doppler effect to assess whether structures (usually blood) are moving towards or away from the probe, and its relative velocity

36
Q

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that

A

energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only converted to another form of energy

37
Q

Sonography will most likely be involved in imaging

A

the pregnant abdomen

38
Q

Changing the frequency during ultrasound scanning will result in

A

images appearing darker or lighter

39
Q

Doppler ultrasound refers to

A

visualizing frequency change when turbulent flow is detected within a vascular structure

40
Q

An ultrasound of the breast may be performed to evaluate

A

a lump in the breast or a specific area of tenderness or pain and is also very useful in guiding the needle during a follow-up biopsy

41
Q

Ultrasound exams used to measure fetal age and to evaluate fetal anatomy are best done

A

16 - 24 weeks after conception

42
Q

The device that the technologist uses to send and receive the sound waves that create an

A

image is called a transducer

43
Q

The movement of a sound wave that travels forward is known as

A

compression

44
Q

Sonography is most often used for

A

soft tissue imaging

45
Q

one way to obtain a pediatrics cooperation is to

A

talk to the child at their eye level

46
Q

In communicating with the adolescent patient it is important to assess

A

their maturity level

47
Q

One of the greatest dangers facing a premature infant is

A

hypothermia

48
Q

Whenever possible a premature infant should be examined within

A

the isolette or infant warmer

49
Q

Pediatric patients with a myelomeningocele must be examined in the

A

prone position

50
Q

Omphalocele is a congenital anomaly that resembles

A

an enormous umbilical hernia

51
Q

The peak incidence of epiglottitis is

A

ages 3-6 years

52
Q

Epiglottiitis requires that

A

a physician accompany the patient during imaging procedures

53
Q

A characteristic of osteogenesis imperfecta is

A

increased susceptibility to fractures

54
Q

Suspected child abuse the radiographers first course of action is to

A

consult with a radiologist or other attending physician

55
Q

Classic indicators of physical abuse of a child include

A

posterior rib fractures, “bucket-handle” limb fractures, and corner fractures

56
Q

One of the most commonly used immobilizers for pediatric chest/abdomen X-ray is the

A

Pigg-O-Stat

57
Q

2 people are required or safely immobilize a pediatric patient using a

A

Pigg-O-Stat

58
Q

The most reliable method to detect inspiration for chest radiography on patients from birth to age 3 years is to

A

wait for the end of a cry

59
Q

“Bunny” wrap is immobilization recommended for

A

skull radiography of pediatric patients 3 years or younger

60
Q

Limb radiography of preschool age children is recommended

A

sitting on a parents lap

61
Q

Examination of the contra lateral limb is often required for

A

limb X-ray on a pediatric patient

62
Q

Salter-Harris fractures occur through the

A

epiphysis

63
Q

Hip exams on children are often ordered to assess for

A

Legg-Calve Perthes disease

64
Q

During hip and pelvic radiography female patients can be shielded

A

after the initial exam has ruled out sacral problems

65
Q

Left hand/wrist and left knees may be imaged for

A

bone age studies

66
Q

Octagonal infant immobilizers can be

A

more uncomfortable and appear more traumatic

67
Q

Routine protocol when imaging a pediatric patient for suspected aspirated foreign body is

A

PA chest on inspiration, PA chest on expiration and lateral chest

68
Q

An aspirated foreign body is more likely to lodge in the

A

right primary bronchus

69
Q

The primary hindrance for the use of MRI on pediatric patients is

A

the length and nature of the exam requires general anesthesia to avoid patient motion thus increasing the risk

SEM IV - Advanced Rad Imaging (6 decks)

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