Test 4/24/13 part 1

Question 1

Compare (give similarity and difference) of the function of the nervous and endocrine systems.

Answer 1

NERVOUS – FASTER – OFTEN LOCAL

ENDOCRINE – SLOWER – REACTIONS MORE OFTEN INVOLVE MANY PARTS

Question 2

What is a hormone?

Answer 2

A CHEMICAL MADE BY THE BODY WHICH OFTEN WORKS FAR FROM WHERE IT IS MADE – EACH HORMONE WORKS ON CERTAIN TISSUES/ORGANS (CALLED TARGETS)

Question 3

Where are hormones made?

Answer 3

IN ENDOCRINE GLANDS

Question 4

How are hormones distributed throughout the body?

Answer 4

THROUGH BLOOD

Question 5

What is the difference between a tear gland and an endocrine gland?

Answer 5

TEAR GLAND – EXOCRINE – HAS DUCT (TUBE) WHICH SENDS TEARS NEARBY (TO EYE)

Question 6

Why don’t all cells react to all hormones?

Answer 6

ONLY CERTAIN ONES (TARGET) HAVE RECEPTORS TO RESPOND TO THAT HORMONE

Question 7

Where do the hormones produced from and endocrine gland vs. an exocrine gland go?

Answer 7

Go all over body _ENDOCRINE

Go to a specific place, usually nearby _EXOCRINE

Question 8

Describe some ways in which human sexual behavior differs from the behavior of most other animals.

Answer 8

MOST ANIMALS ARE SEXUALLY ACTIVE AS SOON AS THEY ARE PHYSICALLY MATURE. MOST DON’T TAKE CARE OF THEIR OFFSPRING FOR VERY LONG – OR NOT AT ALL

Question 9

In what part of a cell do you find chromosomes? Use this answer to explain why there is one kind of cell that has no chromosomes

Answer 9

NUCLEUS. NO CHROMOSOMES IN RED BLOOD CELL - THEY DON’T HAVE A NUCLEUS.

Question 10

How many chromosomes are in each of our body cells (except the one without a nucleus)?

Answer 10

23 PAIRS

Question 11

All of our cells have 22 pairs of chromosomes plus…

Answer 11

a. for males __X AND Y_______

b. for females ___X AND X______

Question 12

How many chromosomes are in the unfertilized egg?

Answer 12

23

Question 13

How many chromosomes are in the sperm?

Answer 13

23

Question 14

How many chromosomes are in the fertilized egg?

Answer 14

46

Question 15

How many chromosomes are in other cells of the body?

Answer 15

46

Question 16

Explain why all eggs have an “X” chromosome.

Answer 16

Because the egg always has an x chromosome (the sperm has x or y)

Question 17

Do fathers or mothers determine the sex of a child? Explain your answer.

Answer 17

FATHERS BECAUSE THEY PRODUCE SPERM, HALF OF WHICH HAVE AN X CHROMOSOMES AND HALF OF WHICH HAVE A Y CHROMOSOME

Question 18

Explain the difference between puberty and adolescence

Answer 18

PUBERTY IS PHYSICAL SEXUAL MATURITY. ADOLESCENCE IS PUBERTY AND ALL THE EMOTIONAL SOCIAL MATURATION AS WELL

Question 19

Why is it vital for sperm to develop and be stored in the scrotum which keeps them below body temperature?

Answer 19

BECAUSE SPERM ARE NOT ABLE TO LIVE AT BODY TEMPERATURE – THE SCROTUM KEEPS THEM A FEW DEGREES COOLER

Question 20

the path of a sperm from where it is produced until it meets an unfertilized egg. Name each organ it goes through or into.

Answer 20

TESTES, EPIDIDYMIS, SPERM DUCT (ALSO KNOWN AS VAS DEFERENS), URETHRA, VAGINA, UTERUS, OVIDUCT (FALLOPIAN TUBE)

Question 21

In one word indicate when secondary sex characteristics develop.

Answer 21

puberty

Question 22

What does the scrotum do?

Answer 22

HOLD TESTES OUTSIDE BODY TO LOWER TEMP

Question 23

What does the Epididymis do?

Answer 23

WHERE SPERM MATURE

Question 24

What does the Prostate do?

Answer 24

ALKALINE SEMEN MADE TO NEUTRALIZE ACID IN URETHRA

Question 25

What do the Seminal Vesicles do?

Answer 25

MAKE PART OF SEMEN

Question 26

What does the sperm duct do?

Answer 26

TAKE SPERM FROM EPIDIDYMIS TO URETHRA

Question 27

What does the urethra do? (male)

Answer 27

TAKE SPERM AND URINE OUT OF BODY – BUT AT SEPARATE TIMES

Question 28

What does the ovary do?

Answer 28

MAKE EGGS AND HORMONES (ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE)

Question 29

What does the oviduct do?

Answer 29

CARRY EGGS FROM OVARY TO UTERUS

WHERE FERTILIZATION USUALLY OCCURS

Question 30

What does the uterus do?

Answer 30

WHERE FERTILIZED EGG ATTACHES, WHERE PLACENTA FORMS AND EMBRYO AND FETUS DEVELOP.

Question 31

What does the urethra do? (female)

Answer 31

WHERE URINE LEAVES BODY

Question 32

What does the clliterus do?

Answer 32

SITE OF SEXUAL AROUSAL IN FEMALES

Question 33

What does the vagina do?

Answer 33

WHERE MENSTRUAL FLOW LEAVES

ORGAN OF INTERCOURSE

Question 34

What does the labia do?

Answer 34

COVER AND PROTECTS VAGINAL OPENING