Test 4/24/13 part 1 Flashcards
Compare (give similarity and difference) of the function of the nervous and endocrine systems.
NERVOUS – FASTER – OFTEN LOCAL
ENDOCRINE – SLOWER – REACTIONS MORE OFTEN INVOLVE MANY PARTS
What is a hormone?
A CHEMICAL MADE BY THE BODY WHICH OFTEN WORKS FAR FROM WHERE IT IS MADE – EACH HORMONE WORKS ON CERTAIN TISSUES/ORGANS (CALLED TARGETS)
Where are hormones made?
IN ENDOCRINE GLANDS
How are hormones distributed throughout the body?
THROUGH BLOOD
What is the difference between a tear gland and an endocrine gland?
TEAR GLAND – EXOCRINE – HAS DUCT (TUBE) WHICH SENDS TEARS NEARBY (TO EYE)
Why don’t all cells react to all hormones?
ONLY CERTAIN ONES (TARGET) HAVE RECEPTORS TO RESPOND TO THAT HORMONE
Where do the hormones produced from and endocrine gland vs. an exocrine gland go?
Go all over body _ENDOCRINE
Go to a specific place, usually nearby _EXOCRINE
Describe some ways in which human sexual behavior differs from the behavior of most other animals.
MOST ANIMALS ARE SEXUALLY ACTIVE AS SOON AS THEY ARE PHYSICALLY MATURE. MOST DON’T TAKE CARE OF THEIR OFFSPRING FOR VERY LONG – OR NOT AT ALL
In what part of a cell do you find chromosomes? Use this answer to explain why there is one kind of cell that has no chromosomes
NUCLEUS. NO CHROMOSOMES IN RED BLOOD CELL - THEY DON’T HAVE A NUCLEUS.
How many chromosomes are in each of our body cells (except the one without a nucleus)?
23 PAIRS
All of our cells have 22 pairs of chromosomes plus…
a. for males __X AND Y_______
b. for females ___X AND X______
How many chromosomes are in the unfertilized egg?
23
How many chromosomes are in the sperm?
23
How many chromosomes are in the fertilized egg?
46
How many chromosomes are in other cells of the body?
46
Explain why all eggs have an “X” chromosome.
Because the egg always has an x chromosome (the sperm has x or y)
Do fathers or mothers determine the sex of a child? Explain your answer.
FATHERS BECAUSE THEY PRODUCE SPERM, HALF OF WHICH HAVE AN X CHROMOSOMES AND HALF OF WHICH HAVE A Y CHROMOSOME
Explain the difference between puberty and adolescence
PUBERTY IS PHYSICAL SEXUAL MATURITY. ADOLESCENCE IS PUBERTY AND ALL THE EMOTIONAL SOCIAL MATURATION AS WELL
Why is it vital for sperm to develop and be stored in the scrotum which keeps them below body temperature?
BECAUSE SPERM ARE NOT ABLE TO LIVE AT BODY TEMPERATURE – THE SCROTUM KEEPS THEM A FEW DEGREES COOLER
the path of a sperm from where it is produced until it meets an unfertilized egg. Name each organ it goes through or into.
TESTES, EPIDIDYMIS, SPERM DUCT (ALSO KNOWN AS VAS DEFERENS), URETHRA, VAGINA, UTERUS, OVIDUCT (FALLOPIAN TUBE)
In one word indicate when secondary sex characteristics develop.
puberty
What does the scrotum do?
HOLD TESTES OUTSIDE BODY TO LOWER TEMP
What does the Epididymis do?
WHERE SPERM MATURE
What does the Prostate do?
ALKALINE SEMEN MADE TO NEUTRALIZE ACID IN URETHRA
