Test 4

Question 1

The secretion of pituitary hormones is regulated by a part of the brain called the
______

Answer 1

hypothalamus

Question 2

________is secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary and acts upon the thyroid gland

Answer 2

TSH

Question 3

Most hormones are secreted by glands into the ___________in order to cause an effect upon a distant organ and/or gland

Answer 3

blood

Question 4

This one hormone stimulates production of eggs in females and also stimulates sperm production in males by acting on the gonads

Answer 4

FSH

Question 5

Prolactin stimulates:
a. Release of milk by the mammary glands through contraction of smooth muscle - b. Milk production by the mammary glands - c. Release of sex hormones by the female ovaries - d. The posterior pituitary to release its two hormones

Answer 5

b. milk production by the mammary glands

Question 6

ACTH is released by _____

Answer 6

the anterior pituitary

Question 7

Where does ACTH act? On what organ or gland?

Answer 7

the adrenal glands

Question 8

The male sex hormone is primarily ________

Answer 8

testosterone

Question 9

9. True or False: The adrenal glands synthesize a very small component of all the sex hormones in a person

Answer 9

true

Question 10

Name the hormone that signifies that a woman is pregnant

Answer 10

HCG

Question 11

True or False: Lipid-soluble hormones cross the target cell membrane and activate receptors inside the cell.

Answer 11

true

Question 12

__________is the foundation molecule upon which the steroid hormones are built

Answer 12

cholesterol

Question 13

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine are secreted by________

Answer 13

the adrenal medulla

Question 14

Metabolic rate is regulated by T3 and T4, which are hormones secreted by the _______

Answer 14

thyroid glands

Question 15

Protein or polypeptide hormones, like insulin, act on target cells primarily by

Answer 15

binding to cell

Question 16

Glucagon is secreted by what gland?

Answer 16

the pancreas

Question 17

What hormone acts IN OPPOSITION to glucagon?

Answer 17

insulin

Question 18

sleep/wake cycles, or circadian rhythm, is largely influenced by this hormone

Answer 18

melatonin

Question 19

Water balance in the body is regulated by this hormone, which is secreted by the posterior pituitary

Answer 19

vasopressin

Question 20

True or False: Uterine contractions are mostly controlled by progesterone, only

Answer 20

false

Question 21

The adrenal cortex has ________layers to it,each one making their own type of hormone

Answer 21

3

Question 22

__________promotes calcium deposition in the bones and therefore lowers blood calcium levels

Answer 22

calcitonin

Question 23

This gland is most active and largest in babies and young children

Answer 23

thymus

Question 24

Where are the parathyroid glands normally located?

Answer 24

attached to the back side of the thyroid gland

Question 25

ADH is also known as _____

Answer 25

vasopressin

Question 26

“Salt, sugar, sex’ refer to the layers of_____

Answer 26

the adrenal cortex

Question 27

Acromegaly and gigantism are disorders due to overproduction of _____

Answer 27

growth hormone

Question 28

Which female hormone prepares the uterus for pregnancy and maintains that pregnancy?

Answer 28

progesterone

Question 29

What is the other gland function of the pancreas, or an exocrine (instead of endocrine) function?(We talked about this)

Answer 29

secretes digestive enzymes

Question 30

Around day 14 or day 15 of a healthy woman’s menstrual cycle, what normally happens?

Answer 30

ovulation

Question 31

Which gland is the ‘Master’ gland of the Endocrine System?

Answer 31

hypothalamus

Question 32

This male gland (2 of them) is found at the back of the bladder, and connects with the vas deferens in order to add secretions to form semen

Answer 32

seminal vesicles

Question 33

Sperm develop in the testicles, and mature in the

Answer 33

epididymis

Question 34

True or False: Regular hot tube use can decrease sperm production

Answer 34

true

Question 35

For fertilization of a female egg, the _____________must receive the penis during sexual intercourse

Answer 35

vagina

Question 36

The sex cells produced by the gonads are also called the

Answer 36

gametes

Question 37

True or False: Males can ejaculate sperm normally through a separate tube system from where urine flows

Answer 37

false

Question 38

The total number of chromosomes found in diploid cells (somatic cells of the human body)is ____

Answer 38

46

Question 39

________________serves a dual(two-part) role in the male.

Answer 39

prostate gland

Question 40

Semen is mostly composed of _____

Answer 40

sugar and secretions

Question 41

The stage in a woman’s life around 45-55 years when she can no longer produce eggs and have children is called

Answer 41

menopause

Question 42

True or False: The withdrawal method of birth control is extremely reliable

Answer 42

false

Question 43

______are the very large, finger-like extensions of the fallopian tubes that help carry the ovulated egg down into the fallopian tubes

Answer 43

fimbriae

Question 44

This large layer of the uterus is made up of smooth muscle

Answer 44

myometrium

Question 45

Many untreated or badly treated _______________can cause scarring and possible infertility for that male or female

Answer 45

STIs or STDs

Question 46

The ______________are lip-like folds of the female perineum that contain pubic hair, glands,and fat

Answer 46

labia majora

Question 47

True or False: Without the ovaries the uterus could not cycle or change at all.

Answer 47

true

Question 48

The first 14 days of a female’s ovarian cycle is termed the

Answer 48

follicular phase

Question 49

Gonorrhea and syphilis are both caused by _____

Answer 49

bacteria

Question 50

True or False: When a person becomes infected by herpes or another STD virus, the virus tends to remain with that person throughout their life.

Answer 50

true

Question 51

FSH and LH are secreted by the ________

Answer 51

anterior pituitary