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Human Body > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

In which quadrant would you find the liver?

A

Right upper

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2
Q

Anatomy is the study of ______, and Physiology is the study of ______.

A

Structure; Function

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3
Q

When a stimulus outside normal limits triggers a response that opposes or negates the stimulus, the mechanism is called _____>

A

Negative Feedback

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4
Q

When the initial stimulus produces a response that exaggerates the stimulus, the mechanism is most specifically called _____.

A

positive feedback

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5
Q

The two subdivisions of the ventral body cavity are the _____.

A

Thoracic and Abdominopelvic cavities

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6
Q

The heart and the lungs are located in the ____ cavity

A

thoracic

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7
Q

Damage at the cellular, tissue, or organ level often affects the entire system. This supports the view that ______.

A

each level is totally dependent on the others

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8
Q

A person in anatomical position is standing erect, feet facing forward and ______.

A

arms hanging to the sides, with palms of hands facing forward and with the thumbs to the outside

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9
Q

In which body cavity are the female reproductive organs located?

A

Pelvic cavity

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10
Q

The term medial surface refers to the area ____.

A

Close to the long axis of the body

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11
Q

Which organ system contains bones, ligaments, cartilage, and bone marrow?

A

Skeletal system

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12
Q

In complex organisms such as human beings, cells unite to form ______.

A

Tissues

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13
Q

The organ system responsible for internal distribution of oxygen and carbon dioxide is the ____.

A

Cardiovascular system

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14
Q

In which body cavity are the female reproductive organs located?

A

pelvic cavity

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15
Q

Which of the following categories of lipids includes certain types of hormones?

A

steroids

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16
Q

Proteins are composed of subunits called __________.

A

amino acids

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17
Q

Nucleic acids are formed from subunits called __________.

A

nucleotides

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18
Q

Which of the following molecules is a high-energy compound containing high-energy bonds between phosphate groups (HINT: A nucleic acid)?

A

ATP

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19
Q

Which of the following is the property of water that allows it to absorb and retain heat?

A

high heat capacity

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20
Q

Which of the solutions below is the most acidic?

a. a solution with a pH of 5
b. a solution with a pH of 2
c. a solution with a pH of 12
d. a solution with a pH of 8

A

a solution with a pH of 2

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21
Q

Which of the following is a solute that releases hydrogen ions in solution and keeps the pH in a stable range?
a. a base - b. an acid - c. a salt - d. a buffer

A

a buffer

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22
Q

In complex organisms such as human beings, cells unite to form ______.

A

Tissues

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23
Q

The organ system responsible for internal distribution of oxygen and carbon dioxide is the ____.

A

Cardiovascular system

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24
Q

In which body cavity are the female reproductive organs located?

A

pelvic cavity

25
Q

Which of the following categories of lipids includes certain types of hormones?

A

steroids

26
Q

Proteins are composed of subunits called __________.

A

amino acids

27
Q

Nucleic acids are formed from subunits called __________.

A

nucleotides

28
Q

Which of the following molecules is a high-energy compound containing high-energy bonds between phosphate groups (HINT: A nucleic acid)?

A

ATP

29
Q

Which of the following is the property of water that allows it to absorb and retain heat?

A

high heat capacity

30
Q

Which of the solutions below is the most acidic?

a. a solution with a pH of 5
b. a solution with a pH of 2
c. a solution with a pH of 12
d. a solution with a pH of 8

A

a solution with a pH of 2

31
Q

Which of the following is a solute that releases hydrogen ions in solution and keeps the pH in a stable range?
a. a base - b. an acid - c. a salt - d. a buffer

A

a buffer

32
Q

Which of the following is not a carbohydrate?

a. glycogen - b. glucose - c. polypeptide - d.sucrose

A

c. polypeptide

33
Q

What is the primary function of monosaccharides such as glucose?

A

they are used as an immediate metabolic fuel to produce energy for the body

34
Q

What are the three subatomic particles that are stable constants of atomic structure?

A

protons, neutrons, and electrons

35
Q

The protons in an atom are found only in _______.

A

the nucelus

36
Q

The unequal sharing of electrons in a molecule of water is an example of ______>

A

a polar covalent bond

37
Q

Organic catalysts made by a living cell to promote a specific reaction are called ______.

A

enzymes

38
Q

The major difference between inorganic and organic compounds is that inorganic compounds are usually _______.

A

not structurally made from carbon and hydrogen

39
Q

What are the four major classes of organic compounds?

A

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

40
Q

Which of the following is used to manufacture proteins in a cell?

A

ribosomes

41
Q

Which of the following membranous organelles contains digestive enzymes and can cause autolysis of a dead or damaged cells?
a. lysosome - b. mitochondrion - c. rough E.R - d. Golgi apparatus

A

lysosome

42
Q

Which of the following processes produces messenger RNA from the template strand of the DNA?

A

transcription

43
Q

The process of protein synthesis is called_____>

A

translation

44
Q

The passive process in which water moves through the plasma membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration (of water) is called _______>

A

osmosis

45
Q

Which process involves moving molecules out of the cell using a membrane-bound vesicle?

A

exocytosis

46
Q

The four stages of mitosis in the correct sequence are_______.

A

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

47
Q

EXTRA CREDIT: The spreading process of a primary tumor is called____, and the dispersion of milignant cells to establish a secondary tumor is called ____.

A

invasion; metastasis

48
Q

Which phase of mitosis is last?

A

tehophase

49
Q

Structurally, the plasma membrane is best described as a _____.

A

phospholipid bylayer interspread with proteins

50
Q

A saturated fat will have _____.

A

little or no carbon-carbon double bonds

51
Q

Enzymes are necessary in cells to _____.

A

speed up chemical reactions

52
Q

The _____is the organelle which is sometimes referred to as the powerhouse of the cell due to the fact that it produces ATP most efficiently.

A

mitochondria

53
Q

The _____ is the organelle active in most of the lipid and carbohydrate synthesis within the cell

A

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

54
Q

The ____ acts as the cell’s “post office” by sorting, processing, and packaging materials to be transported within the cell or excreted

A

Golgi Complex

55
Q

_____ cellular respiration occurs in _____ and produces most of the ATP formed formed by cellular respiration

A

aerobic; mitochondria

56
Q

Mitotic cell division produces __ daughter cells with _____ chromosome content as the parent cell.

A

two; identical

57
Q

what type of feedback loop in the human body is represented by temperature regulation?

A

negative

58
Q

EXTRA CREDIT: Rabies is deadly and is transmitted through ____. How did the girl in the movie get it?

A

animal bites, blood, saliva; bat bite on finger tip

Human Body (4 decks)

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