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Human Body > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Mature _____ are the most abundant of the formed elements of blood

A

erythrocytes

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2
Q

A decrease in blood oxygen increases the release of ________ from kidneys and liver, and it stimulates the production of ________ by red bone marrow.

A

erythropoietin; erythrocytes

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3
Q

The hemoglobin within erythrocytes plays a major role in the transport of ________ by the blood.

A

oxygen

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4
Q

Males generally have higher RBC counts than females because_______

A

males have greater amount of muscle tissue and need extra O2 carrying ability

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5
Q

The protein responsible for helping break down clots after they are no longer needed is ______

A

tissue plasminogen activator

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6
Q

When incompatible blood types are mixed, the clumping that occurs is termed _____

A

agglutlination

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7
Q

A person with B blood is likely to have which antibodies in their blood plasma?

A

Anti-A only

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8
Q

The preferred blood type for transfusing to a person with blood type A is ____, but when it is unavailable, blood type(s) ______ may be used.

A

A; O

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9
Q

In a blood transfusion, one must consider the ____ of the donor and the _____ of the recipient

A

antigens; antibodies

order is really important

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10
Q

A person with blood type AB possesses _____ on the plasma membrane of his or her erythrocytes

A

antigens A and B

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11
Q

____ are leukocytes that migrate into tissues and become macrophages

A

monocytes

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12
Q

_____ are the blood cells that help provide a defense against disease organisms

A

leukocytes

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13
Q

The pulmonary veins are unusual as veins because they are transporting ________.

A

oxygenated blood

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14
Q

. _________________is the condition whereby a person is not getting enough oxygen to the body tissues due to low iron, low hemoglobin, or few red blood cells:

A

anemia

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15
Q

The ________ act to receive blood from veins, while the _________ pump blood away from the heart.

A

atria; ventricles

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16
Q

An abnormal heartbeat that has a rate exceeding 100 beats per minute is ______________.

A

tachycardia

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17
Q

Blood returning to the heart from the lungs enters the ________, and blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs by the ________.

A

left atrium; right ventricle

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18
Q

The _________ atrioventricular valve is located on the right side of the heart, while the __________ valve is on the left.

A

tricuspid; bicuspid

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19
Q

Heart attacks are most likely to be caused by blockage of which vessel?

A

the coronary arteries

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20
Q

The ________ pumps blood into the aorta, and the _________ receives blood from the vena cavae.

A

left ventricle;right atruim

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21
Q

When swallowing, food is prevented from entering the trachea by the _____

A

epiglottis

22
Q

In humans, the right lung consists of ____ lobes while the left has ____ lobes

A

3;2

23
Q

from the nasal cavity, air passes, in sequence, through the ______ on the way to the lungs

A

pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi

order matters

24
Q

Gas exchange in the lungs occurs between air in the alveoli and blood in ______

A

surrounding capillaries

25
Q

the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air in alveoli and blood in capillaries occurs by

A

diffusion

26
Q

______ carry/carries gasses, nutrients, and some proteins as well as water through the blood

A

plasma

27
Q

What is the disease called when a person is born with a defect in clotting factors?

A

hemophilia

28
Q

_____ this is the largest blood vessel in the human body

A

aorta

29
Q

______ receives oxygen rich blood from the pulmonary veins

A

left atrium

30
Q

True or False: Oxygen is taken up body tissue capillaries and travels in the blood back to the heart and lungs

A

false

31
Q

True or False: Capillaries are the only blood vessels capable of gas exchange

A

true

32
Q

The two components of on heartbeat, S1 and S2, are due to ____

A

closing of the heart valves

33
Q

What is the name of the artery on your upper arm where they usually place the device for measuring blood pressure

A

brachial artery

34
Q

_____ is a lung disorder characterized by abnormal smooth muscle constriction of the smaller airways, making it harder to breathe

A

asthma

35
Q

True or False: many cancers metastasize to the lungs; therefore, a few of the so-called ‘lung cancers’ may include those that began elsewhere in the body

A

True

36
Q

Which blood cells are the most abundant?

A

erythrocytes

37
Q

Where are the formed elements of the blood born?

A

red bone marrow

38
Q

The circuit of blood flow to the myocardium (heart tissue) and back from that same tissue is called ____

A

coronary circuit

39
Q

_____ means to bleed out, sometimes profusely

A

hemorrage

40
Q

this disorder causes pain crisis and sometimes tissue death since the erythrocytes are shaped abnormally; the person often must be hospitalized

A

sickle-cell anemia

41
Q

The _____ has 3 lobes

A

right

42
Q

_____ means to take in air, thus filling the lungs up

A

inspiration

43
Q

The trachea part that you feel in your neck belongs to the ______

A

upper respiratory system

44
Q

True or False: Pneumonia is probably the most common immediate cause of death for most people

A

True

45
Q

Which is the largest and strongest chamber of the heart?

A

left ventricle

46
Q

______ cause the common cold and influenza (the flu)

A

viruses

47
Q

An atom of iron (Fe) inside hemoglobin will attach to _____ when needed

A

oxygen

48
Q

__________________can cause sudden death as a result of deep venous thrombosis, or blood clots in the legs that suddenly get moved to the lungs and block that area, resulting in cardiac arrest

A

pulmonary embolism

49
Q

At the alveolus, carbon dioxide gas will be removed from the _________________and taken up into the ________________

A

alveolar capillaries; airspace

50
Q

Blood pressure is highest in the ____________, which is why these vessels have thicker walls with more smooth muscle:

A

arteries

Human Body (4 decks)

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