Test 4

Question 1

Cell membrane

Answer 1

Function: Regulates traffic between molecules, encloses a cell to maintain internal enviornment
Structure: The fundamental structure of the membrane is the phospholipid bilayer, which forms a stable barrier between two aqueous compartment

Question 2

Cell wall

Answer 2

Function: structural support, hold shape, protects form bacteria, transportation in and out of the cell
Structure: 3 layers
1. middle lamella
2. primary wall
3. secondary wall

Question 3

Central Vacoule

Answer 3

Function: Structural support, maintain turgor pressure
Structure: Membrane bound cell sack fluid

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Function: The control center, holds DNA
Structure: Nuclear envelope (phospholipids), nuclear pores

Question 5

Nucleolis

Answer 5

Function: synthesize ribosomes, promote cell growth, stress response, synthesize proteins
Structure: Spherical, 3 parts
1. fibrillar center
2. dense fibrillar component
3. granular component

Question 6

DNA

Answer 6

Function: Create genetic instructions
Structure: a double-stranded helix held together by weak hydrogen bonds between purine-pyrimidine nucleotide base pairs: adenine (A) paired with thymine (T), and guanine (G) paired with cytosine (C).

Question 7

Chromosomes

Answer 7

Function: The most important function of chromosomes is to carry genes—the functional units of heredity. A gene is usually defined as a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a particular protein (or a set of closely related proteins).
Structure: Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Question 8

chromatin

Answer 8

Function: The main function of chromatin is to package DNA into a unit capable of fitting within the tight space of a nucleus
Structure: a mixture of DNA and proteins that form the chromosomes found in the cells of humans and other higher organisms(DNA not yet packaged!!)