Test 4 Flashcards
Relatively permanent change in an organisms behavior as a result of experience
Learning
Ability to recall or recognize previous experience
Memory
-Unconscious memory
-participants demonstrate some previously acquired capability
-skill, conditioned response, recalling events on promoting
-cannot recount how the knowledge was acquired
Implicit Memory
-conscious memory
-participants demonstrate some previous acquired ability
-can recount how the knowledge was acquired
Explicit Memory
HM’s explicit memory was ____
Abolished
HM had what surgery?
Medial Temporal Lobe Resection
HM’s implicit memory was ___
Mostly intact
HM’s rotor task performance and recognition of incomplete figures ____
Improved
HM had severe ____ and was unable to recall new info from the time of surgery in 1953 to his death in 2008.
Amnesia
Medial temporal lobe regions, frontal cortex and related structures are part of _____
Mishkin’s circuit for EXPLICIT memory
The hippocampus, amygdala, entorhinal cortex, parahippo cortex, and perirhinal cortex is part of the ______ ______ ___ structures
Medial temporal lobe
These structures are central to the formation of long term explicit memories
Medial temporal lobe structures
The frontal cortex, prefrontal cortex, medial thalamus, and basal forebrain activating systems are part of the _____ and ____ _______ areas
Sensory and motor neocortical areas
These areas provide maintenance of temporary explicit memories and chronological ordering of explicit events
Frontal and prefrontal cortex
These systems maintain appropriate levels of activity in the forebrain for info processing
Basal forebrain activating systems (medial thalamus)
The basal ganglia and related structures is part of _________
Mishkin’s circuit for IMPLICIT MEMORIES
Entire neocortex, dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra, and the pathway disrupted in Parkinson’s disease are ____ of the basal ganglia
Inputs
Ventral thalamus then Premotor cortex, basal ganglia does not provide feedback to neocortical areas involved in consciousness, memories mediated by this circuit are unconscious or implicit. These are ____ of the basal ganglia
Outputs
Changes in synapses of circuits store memories is the
Structural basis for memory
Formation of new synapses from original terminals and formation of new synapses from new axon terminals are ___
Kinds of synaptic changes that might be involved in memory
The development of novel circuits might also be involved in memory of ___
Mammals
New ____ can be detected in the olfactory bulb, the hippocampal formation, the neocortex of the frontal lobe, and the neocortex of the temporal lobe
Neurons
Adult neurogenesis may _____
enhance learning and memory
-endeavors to develop a unified understanding of the mind and brain
-views the brain as the ultimate source of behavior
-analyzes the diseases and disorders that affect the brain
Clinical Neuroscience
Published by the American Psychiatric Association
DSM
Classifies psychiatric disorders
DSM
Intended to aid diagnosis and treatment
DSM
The most widely accepted classification system
DSM
Classifies primarily on the basis of behavioral symptoms and subjective report
DSM
Starting premise : labeling a condition will lead to understanding the condition and treating it
DSM
Initiated by the National Institute of Mental Health
RDoC
Classifies behavioral disorders
RDoC
A new classification system
RDoC
Advocates for integration of genetic imaging, cognitive science, and other levels of info
RDoC
Starting premise: understanding basic biological function will lead to understanding malfunction and its treatment
RDoC
6 categories, possible to come up with categories.
Genetic Errors, Epigenetic Mechanisms, Progressive Cell Death, Rapid Cell Death, Loss of Neural Connections, Life Stress
Causes of disordered behavior
Disorders assumed to be due to brain malfunction
Psychiatric disorders
Psychoses (such as schizophrenia)
Mood disorders (such as major depression)
Anxiety disorders (such as PTSD) are categories of what
Psychiatric Disorders
Disorders in which the brain is damaged
Neurological disorders
Traumatic brain injury, stroke, epilepsy, and multiple sclerosis are types of what
Neurological disorders
Neurosurgical treatments, electrophysiological treatments, pharmacological treatments, and behavioral treatments are used for what
Neurocognitive disorders
