Test 3.0 Flashcards
How many motor neurons innervate a muscle cell and how many muscle cells innervate a motor neuron
One motor neuron can innervate one or more muscle cell but no muscle cell will innervate more than one motor neuron
Yes or No
If you have a low ratio of motor neuron to muscle cell is that motor unit going to generate a lot of force
No
True or false
The smaller the innervation ratio the smaller the force you can generate by command
True
Where do you have a high innervation ratio
Within large muscles like Quads, Hamstrings, and biceps
What is dorsal root for
Sensory input
What is the ventral root for
Motor output
What type of cells are responsible for muscle movement
Alpha motor neurons
What does the Gamga motor neurons do
Regulate sensory information
Motor lateral in the spinal cord which are alpha motor neurons innervate medal or distal muscles
Distal muscles
Motor medial spinal cord innervate distal or medial muscles
Medial muscles
Is aerobic eve rise for a short or long period of time
Long
Is anaerobic exercise for short or long time
Short
What does Oxidative Phosphorylation use
Fatty acid and lots to ATP
Where is ATP generated from
Glucose
Does anaerobic require oxygen
No
How many different types of motor units are their
Three
The faster the motor unit the ________ the force it creates
Higher
Does fast or slow twitch rely on oxygen
Slow twitch
What are low frequencies related to
Single twitch of the related muscle fibers
What is high frequencies related to
Twitches some to produce a larger force
What is the higher frequencies related to
Force produce is greater but individual twitches are still apparent
Do slow motor neurons have a thin or thick axon
Thin
Do fast motor neurons have a thin or thick axon
Thick
What are highest frequencies related to
Individual twitches are no longer apparent
Which molecule is needed to generate more force
Calcium
What is thin filament associated with and what does it attach to
Actin and attaches to myosin
What is thick filament associated with and what does it attach to
Myosin and attached to actin
Does slow force units use high or low frequencies
High
Does faster force units use fast or slow frequencies
Slow
When you release Ach what happens
You get activation causing opening of Na+ channels causing excitatory response leading to depolarization
Where does a muscle cell have a high concentration or K+ and a low concentration of Na+
High K+ inside cell
High Na+ outside cell
True or false
Eccentric force is greater than isometric
True
True or false
Isometric force is weaker than concentric
False it is greater
What is needed for muscle contraction
ATP and calcium
Can you contract a muscle by depolarization or hyperpolarization
Depolarization
What are the steps that are apart of the Sliding filament theory
1) detachment of myosin from actin (ATP needed)
2) attachment of myosin to binding site on actin
3) movement of myosin (power stroke
4) detachment of myosin from actin
What is Titin molecule for
Holds myosin filament at each end of the sacromere
What does the sacromere do
Has lots of myosin and actin
If a muscle is short or long and you stimulate it will you get a force generated
No
The force generated in a muscle is proportional to what?
The number of crossbridges
What is the optimal resting length
Is the maximal amount of crossbridges formed
As you lengthen the muscle will you increase or decrease force
Increase
What is a motor unit
Is the motor neuron and muscle cell it innervates
