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HIST 1050-002 > Test 3 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Test 3 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Rev

The capital city of the Byzantine empire

A

Constantinople

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2
Q

Rev

A competent and strong leader who ruled the Byzantines

A

Justinian

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3
Q

The groundwork for laying down a legal structure in the Byzantine empire

A

Code of Justinian

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4
Q

Rev

Justinian’s general who put down German tribes and uprising

A

Belisarius

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5
Q

Rev

Another one of Justinian’s generals, eunuch, persecution of Paganism

A

Narses

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6
Q

Rev

one of the greatest books of military tatic, explains how to combine arms, one of the founding pieces of literature in Eastern military history

A

Maurice’s Strategikon

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7
Q

Rev

move into Italy gradually, carve out an empire in northern Italy, had something like a centeralized state

A

Lombards

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8
Q

Rev

tarding city in the Arab Peninsula

A

Mecca

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9
Q

Rev

born in Mecca to family of poor merchants, founder of Islam, angel Gabriel appeared to him

A

Muhammad

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10
Q

Rev

ruled 661-750, took over most of Northern Africa, some of Russia and India, and Spain, rules through coherent government centered at Damascus, 2nd largest land empire in history, did this in about 40 years

A

Umayyad Caliphate

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11
Q

Rev

takes over after the Ummayad, move capital to Baghdad, loose part of the empire, but as a whole keep most of the empire

A

Abbasid Caliphate

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12
Q

Rev

The Christ, Christianity

A

Jesus

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13
Q

Rev

Jesus’ teachings to the Jews, moral teachings from the New Testament

A

Sermon on the Mount

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14
Q

Rev

Special Witnesses of Christ

A

Twelve Apostles

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15
Q

Rev

c 30s - 100, the average Christian would worship in a prayer group

A

Apostolic Christianity

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16
Q

Rev

Greatest missionaries ever

A

Peter and Paul

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17
Q

Rev

AD50, James is the leader in Jerusalem, dispute over whether or not Gentiles (Greeks) could join the church, Peter makes decision, is spiritual leader of the church

A

Council of Jerusalem

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18
Q

Rev

leader that oversees the presbyters and deacons around them, kind of like local leaders, not a direct authority line

A

Bishop

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19
Q

Rev

100s - 500, growth of the Christian Church around the Mediterranean, spread along the pre-existing roads of the Roman Empire, this system led to an expansion of hierarchy, metropolitans are bishops in charge of larger areas like Jerusalem, Rome, Alexandria

A

Metropolitan Christianity

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20
Q

Rev

325, needed to settle an issue from Arius (250-336), issue about Trinity

A

Council of Nicaea

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21
Q

Rev

established doctrine of the Trinity, established “one holy catholic and apostolic church”, established Catholic church

A

Nicene Creed

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22
Q

Rev

the council of Nicaea(?) decided what scriptures to include in their canon

A

Bible

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23
Q

Rev

Bishop of Hippo, 354-430, wrote books, wrote “City of God”

A

Augustine

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24
Q

Rev

book written by Augustine, wrote book of Jerusalem white and purified by God, was a Gnostic before being a Christian, amplifies Gnosticism in Christianity

A

City of God

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25
Q

Rev

the method whereby the ministry of the Christian Church is held to be derived from the apostles by a continuous succession

A

Apostolic Succession

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26
Q

Rev

Peter is the head of the church (he holds the keys given to him by Christ)

A

Petrine Supremacy

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27
Q

Rev

leader of the Roman Catholic church

A

Pope

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28
Q

Rev

– (Belief) Shahadah: There is no god but God and Muhammad is his prophet, (Practaces) Salat: Ritual prayer, Sawm: Observation of Ramadan, Zakat: Tithe, Hajj: Pilgrimage?

A

Five Pillars of Islam

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29
Q

Rev

Islamic scripture, can only be in Arabic

A

Qur’an

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30
Q

Rev

tradition, Commentaries on Islamic scripture, gives instruction on everyday living

A

Hadith

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31
Q

Rev

Moral code religious law, a quasi-scripture, as Islamic law develops, it is collected in this book and it becomes a sort of de facto constitution for Islamic states

A

Sharia

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32
Q

Rev

Making one’s self a better Muslim is greater *, lesser * is a call by Muhammad to spread the faith

A

Jihad

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33
Q

Rev

major branches of Islam, * - Major and defining branch of Islam, Abu Bakr 573-634, founded scholarly side of Islam, * - followed Muhammad’s son-in-law, Ali 601-661, develop into the mystical side of Islam, 12 Imams or Islamic teachers, the 12th Imam will be the Savior of the world named The Mahdi, will return in the last day with Jesus, divided into 3 different groups, no central leading authority, Riba is the idea that it is immoral to charge interest on loans

A

Sunni and Shi’a

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34
Q

Rev

Muslims constitute a body that separates the mental and physical, The idea that Muslims create a corporate body when put together

A

Umma

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35
Q

Rev

People in Gaul spoke Vulgar Latin, created Hybrid government, adapted Roman government hybrid with tribal aspects, made up of Magnates (the wealthy)

A

Gallo-Romanism

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36
Q

Rev

refering to the Salien * (not the rhenans), settle in Belgum, between 300 and 450 move to the south/west, Merovech/Marwig leads a lot of this

A

Franks

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37
Q

Rev

led by Merovech, leads the mass migration of Franks into Gaul, most magnates will surrender, those that oppose are defeated

A

Merovingian Dynasty

38
Q

Rev

expands Frankish control to almost all of Gaul, Grandson(?) of Merovech, the first time in a long time that western Europe is united under one leader(?), 496 * is baptized Christian, used that conversion to rule over the existing Galo-Roman structure, builds Christian Kingdom, keeps the Magnates ruling in their areas with their own Comitates, * adopts the Galo-Roman government, society, language, culture, etc., builds his own church (Church of St. Denis), becomes the Royal Church of France, moves administrative capital to Paris

A

Clovis

39
Q

Rev

Law about succession, Agnatic Succession means that only males can be rulers(?), * Patrimony means that not one male child would inherit but all would inherit a piece of the kingdom, deliberately build instability into their succession

A

Salic Law

40
Q

Rev

system set up to teach through religion, become religious centers

A

Monasticism

41
Q

Rev

540-604, Pope 590-604, standardizes the system of worship (mass), despatches missionaries to England (it had been taken over by non-religious people), says that the Bishop of Rome is the head of the church, allowed Germans to keep their festivals and worship the Christian God in them

A

Gregory I

42
Q

Rev

675-754, missionary, realized that if he controlled how people learned, they could control the people(?), Merovingians used church for legitimacy and also for education(?)

A

Wynfrid/Boniface

43
Q

Rev

an assistant to the king, control armies in the Francian state

A

Mayor of the Palace

44
Q

Rev

, gained a lot of power without usurping the power of the king in France, cannot over through the king, ran the state while the king didn’t really pay attention, continued to put themselves in positions of power throughout France

A

Carolingians

45
Q

Rev

688-741, Mayor of the Palace 718-741, nicknamed “the hammer”, gained more power than anyone before him, left his rule to his two sons Pepin and ?, ? went to a monistary, Pepin wrote Pope to ask if power should go to those who had power or those who were Royal(?), Pope said he who had power

A

Charles Martel

46
Q

Rev

10 October 731, 30,000 men on each side, muslim cavalry fight through martel’s infantry, martel wins battle, 10,000 killed on each side, great battle in europe, religious battle, possibly stoped muslims from invading Francia and europe

A

Battle of Tours

47
Q

Rev

740s-814, King of the Franks 768, King of Italy 774, takes over Spain, Christianizes Spain, helps Leo III to be pope when he’s kicked out of Rome, this guy helps, is forcably crowned king by the pope later

A

Charlemange

48
Q

Rev

English monk, well educated in Christianity and Law, goes to Charlemagne and Charlemagne makes him a Prime Minister, creates a government, the first coherent one since the fall of Rome, Charlemagne uses his Aachen/Aix-la-Chappelle as his seat of government, government named the Curia Regis, Curia is a group of officials that administrate and run the church, creates the first cabinet, built centralized bureaucracy

A

Alcuin of York

49
Q

Rev

The idea that all of Christianity is not only united religiously, but that it should be united politically in an empire of empires, Charlemagne uses this idea to provide connections between these states, the idea that even if they fight each other, they are still united through religion, especially if attacked by an outsiders

A

Christendom

50
Q

Rev

Ancient Germany?

A

Holy Roman Empire

51
Q

Rev

Come out of Scandinavia, usually raided and left, but settled in England, many settle in Normandy (northern modern France), raid all the way to Spain and Italy, spread their genes, use longships to strike quickly, use psychological conditioning to create Berserkers who either kill everyone or die trying, use axes and longswords, Christianized

A

Vikings

52
Q

Rev

Viking state, place where the Vikings are most successful

A

Danelaw

53
Q

Rev

1028-1087, Duke of Normandy 1035-1087, King of England 1066-1087, puts together a private army, conquers England in 1066, creates the Kingdom of England, creates question of who controls England and France, conquered vikings?

A

William the Bastard

54
Q

Rev

941-996, King of France 987-996, conference of nobles(?) elects him as King after seeing that the (?) where not effective ruler, longest rule in European history (of his dynasty), rule cannot be passed down through women

A

Hugh Capet

55
Q

Rev

King owns all of the land in the kingdom, gives nobles fief, nobles pay back in taxes and protection, relies on the loyalty of the vassals

A

Feudalism

56
Q

Rev

economic system of Medieval Europe, lord takes taxes, a portion of the crop for equipment, for land, etc., serfs did all the work, serfs were liable to spend a certain time a month or week or year on public works (the Corvee)

A

Manorialism

57
Q

Rev

land given to a Noble from the Kind

A

Fief

58
Q

Rev

Person that the fief is given to

A

Vassal

59
Q

Rev

(Domain) – area over which a ruler is in charge economically?

A

Demesne

60
Q

Rev

a school of religion and learning, received up to a fifth grade education, grow upwards, secondary schools and then universities grow from them, Islamic?

A

Madrasa

61
Q

Rev

he was a physician, started to develop medicine, made commentaries on Aristotle, not persecuted

A

Ibn Sina

62
Q

Rev

was a polymath, Philosopher, Theologian, Lawyer, Jurist, Logician, Physician, Politician, Musician, Astronomer, Geographer, Mathematician, Physicist, etc., investigated Aristotle, conducted his whole investigation in Spain, used Systematic Logic in religion, said that there is a Divine Soul and an Individual Soul, also decided that there are two paths to truth, through Philosophy or Religion, was persecuted

A

Ibn Rushd

63
Q

Rev

group that Basil wanted to combine with to conquer Bulgaria, lived in modern day Ukraine, became Orthodox Christians

A

Kiev Rus’

64
Q

Rev

26 August 1071, the Byzantines beat by the Seljuk Turks

A

Battle of Manzikert

65
Q

Rev

1054, tension between Leo IX and Michael Cerularius (, declare each other heretics, divides the world between Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy

A

Great Schism

66
Q

Rev

noble armies start going to Constantinople, then try to figure out what they’re going to do, they don’t have a leader, move to lay siege on Jerusalem, sets the pattern of conflict for the next few hundred years

A

Crusades

67
Q

Rev

1042-1099, Pope 1088-1099, initiated the First Crusade, Byzantine Empire calls on him for help with the Turks

A

Urban II

68
Q

Rev

November 1095, Pope Urban II brings up issue of the Turks, leads to the first crusades?

A

Council of Clermont

69
Q

Rev

way to convince serfs to go to Palestine and defend Christianity

A

“Take up the Cross”

70
Q

Rev

One of these Crusader States, most important, longest lasting Crusader States, produces a mix of eastern and western culture

A

Kingdom of Jerusalem

71
Q

Rev

kind of a military genius, campaigned against both local rivals and the crusaders, controlled the whole middle east within five years, in 1174, he moved against Damascus

A

Salah al-Din

72
Q

Rev

in Northern Palestine, 4 July 1187, Crusaders come to battle against Salah al-Din, al-Din surrounds and slaughters the crusader army, Jerusalem surrenders on 2 October 1187, enslaved all those who would not pay ransom

A

Battle of Hattin

73
Q

Rev

First Qin Shi Huang, first proper emperor in China, conquers the other states to end the period of warring states, lasted from ?-?

A

Qin Dynasty

74
Q

Rev

Started Qin Dynasty

A

Qin Shi Huang

75
Q

Rev

Established Chinese Emperial state after the Qin dynasty, crossbows, silk, climate was good to grow silk, create centralized bureaucracy, create bureaucratic class of people trained in crafts of bureaucracy, gives a legitimacy to the state, creates vaults out of brick, had to do their own math and science because of a lack of cultural exchange?, created their own seismometer, start using algebra and mathematical zero, destabilized around 200AD, 200-600 is kind of period of warring states

A

Han Dynasty

76
Q

Rev

960-1279, ruled over smaller area confined to east China, surrounded by other Chinese states, not as strong as the Tang dynasty, Northern song dynasty is on their north, create a standing navy, create war ships, 1200 China is invaded from outside forces

A

Song Dynasty

77
Q

Rev

idea that Japan and it’s culture is ruled from a central area, the ruler of Japan is the Emperor

A

Yamato

78
Q

Rev

538-710, pentacle of the Yamato system, a lot of influence from China, Japanese is simplified Chinese at these point, Buddhism spread to Japan from China

A

Asuka Period

79
Q

Rev

early Japanese legal code

A

Ritsuryo

80
Q

Rev

Japanese vertical construction that is usually a Buddhist shrine

A

Pagoda

81
Q

Rev

794-1185, period where Japan is trying to get it’s own identity, gives the west a lot of sterotypes of Japan

A

Heian Period

82
Q

Rev

rulers during the Heian period?

A

Fujiwara

83
Q

Rev

first recorded noval, written by a woman, Murisaki Shikibu

A

Tale of Genji

84
Q

Rev

wrote Tale of Genji

A

Murisaki Shikibu

85
Q

Rev

Period where the Shogunate starts?, time of intense internal conflict

A

Kamakura Period

86
Q

Rev

creates Shogunate, Shogun 1192-?

A

Minamoto Yoritomo

87
Q

Rev

decentralized system with central ruler (the shogun), kind of a feudal system

A

Shogunate

88
Q

Rev

give shoguns to Japan, the shoguns are regional leaders?, ruled a lot during shogunate?

A

Hojo

89
Q

Rev

regional leaders in Japan during the Kamakura Period?, territorial lords

A

Daimyo

90
Q

Rev

Japanese warriors

A

Samurai

90
Q

Rev

Japanese warriors

A

Samurai

HIST 1050-002 (3 decks)

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