Test 1 Vocabulary Flashcards
halfway between a chimp and a human, first biped primates, appears about 5 million years ago
Australopithecus
Sub species created to describe modern man
Homo sapiens sapiens
permanent houses start to be built, people stop moving and settle down in a permanent place, start building civilizations, build communal buildings (mills, granaries, ovens) communities become towns, which become cities, people start acting in a corporate way (as a whole), animals start to be domesticated
Neolithic Revolution
One of the first real cities in human history, the oldest of them, oldest settlements date back to 10,000 BCE, sits on top of an underground source of water, not near any river, first place to have wall around city, that means that the whole society came together to build something
Jericho
one of the first real cities in human history, developed about 7500 BCE, also not near a river, very social culture, had to have some sort of social and political culture, houses all connected one to another, develop communal building
Çatalhöyük
area around the Tigris-Euphrates river, people moved into the area about 5,000 years ago, Mesopotamia means the land between the rivers, city/states start to form, the need for a fixed government emerges dut to the existence of fixed and permanent cities, currency
Fertile Crescent
Mesopotamia, first culture to provide writing
Sumeria
monumental structure, giant buildings built in the regions located in every city state, an artificial mountain, at the top of it there is a series of buildings, these buildings look like temples, also like living quarters, these living quarters were for some of the wealthiest
Ziggurat
first writing provided, found in Sumeria, at about 3300 BCE, pictograph (symbols that communicate certain syllables), the vast portion of surviving examples are financial records, records of how much people own, records of political interactions (between city-states and people?), literacy becomes important
Cuneiform
one of the written languages that developed in Egypt, it is pictograms, pictures that represent ideas, Egyptians write on everything
Hieroglyphs
one of the cities in the Indus Valley, name of the civilization from the Indus Valley
Harappa
most important cities in the Indus Valley, emerges at 2500 BCE, one of the most sophisticated, has giant underground basement, had public works system
Mohenjo-Daro
Unquestioned force; not possible when more than one person is fighting for power; almost always achieved through military force or military power
Hegemony
the feeling that the people who are ruled have the the rule over them is just and moral; maintaining unquestioned power, maintaining what was gained through hegemony; language is an important part of this because if people speak a different language than the ruling class then they may build a resistance
Legitimacy
started by Sargon of Akkad
Addadian Empire
Started the Akkadian Empire
Sargon of Akkad
sone of Sargon of Akkad, takes over after the death of his father, the empire collapses after economic failure
Naram-Sin
empire stated in the fertile crescent by hammurabi
Babylonian empire
king of babylon, gave a very systemic code of law named after him, drives Elamites out of the Fertile Crescet, expands empire
Hammurabi
king of Egypt, first to have a pyramid made for him
Khufu
autonomous provinces in middle egypt and each will have its own kind of government, the governors of these will report to the king
nomes
the egyptian empire will end because of the immigration of these people, they bring the two-wheel chariot, end the middle kingdom
Hyksos
tool of hittite warfare, had archer and driver
Two-wheeled chariot
king shalmaneser I start to adopt military strengths of enemies, conquer the entire mideast minus egypt, start building buildings in their style and unify the culture, army has brutal reputation
Assyrian Empire
