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Medical Parasitology > Test 3 Study Guide > Flashcards

Test 3 Study Guide Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Turbellaria

A

free-living flatworms

Most of the symbionts of Turbellarians are commensals

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2
Q

Cestodes (cestoidea)

A

tapeworms

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3
Q

Monogenetic trematodes (monogenoidea)

A

Monogenes are ectoparasites of vertebrates, including fishes.

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4
Q

Digenetic trematodes

A

endoparasitic flukes

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5
Q

Enoplean nematodes

A

Ancestral group of nematodes.

Consists of Trichuris trichula (human whipworm) which causes trichuriasis and trichinella.

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6
Q

Chromadorean nematodes

A

Order Rhabditida

Parasitic nematodes

Consists of ascaris, enterobius (human pinworm), necator, wuchereria, and onchocerca.

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7
Q

Drug for platyhelminths

A

praziquantel

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8
Q

Drugs for nematodes

A

Mebendazole and albendazole.

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9
Q

Diphyllobothrium

A

largest tapeworms

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10
Q

Taenia sp. (species, disease, infective stage)

A

T. solium & T. saginata
Causes cysticercosis
Infect: cysticerci

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11
Q

Echinococcus granulosus (description, disease, infective stage)

A

Dog tapeworm
Causes hydatid disease
Infect : cysts

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12
Q

Taenia sp. (symptoms)

A

Abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, and abdominal obstruction

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13
Q

Hymenolepis nana (name and intermediate host)

A 
the human dwarf tapeworm
Intermediate host (beetle)
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14
Q

Schistosoma sp. (species, disease, infective stage, intermediate host)

A

S. mansoni, S. haematobium, S. japonicum
Schistosomiasis
Infect: cercariae
Intermediate host: snail

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15
Q

Intestinal schistosomiasis (and where)

A

S. mansoni (veins of large intestine)

S. japonicum (veins of small intestine)

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16
Q

Urinary schistosomiasis

A

S. haematobium

17
Q

Fasciola hepatica (description, intermediate host, infective stage)

A

Sheep and cattle parasite
Intermediate host: snail
Infect: metacercariae

18
Q

Trichinellida (species)

A

Trichuris trichuris

Trinchinella spiralis

19
Q

Trichuris trichuris (description, disease, insert, infect)

A

whip worms
Trichuriasis
Ingestion
Embryonated eggs

20
Q

Trichuris trichuris (symptoms, diagnosis)

A

Mucosal hemorrhage
Retardation
Rectum prolapse

Stool samples
Colonoscopy

21
Q

Trichinella Spiralis (description, disease, insert, infect)

A

Parasitic roundworms
Trichinosis
Ingestion
Encysted larva

22
Q

Trichinella Spiralis (host, symptoms)

A

Human dead-end host

Damaged blood vessels
Necrosis

23
Q

Strongyloides (species, disease)

A

S. fuelleborni and S. stercoralis

Strongyloidiasis

24
Q

S. stercoralis (insert, infect, symptoms, diagnosis)

A

Penetration or ingestion

Filariform larvae J3
To the lungs

Localized burning sensation/ abdominal pain
Rash

Stool sample
ELISA and PCR

25
Q

S. fuelleborni (insert, infect, symptoms, diagnosis)

A

Penetration or ingestion

Filariform larvae J3

Localized burning sensation/ abdominal pain
Rash

Stool sample
ELISA and PCR

26
Q

Hookworms (species, infect, insert, symptom)

A

A. duodenale & N. americana

Infect: filariform larva L3

Penetrate the skin

Creeping eruption

27
Q

Ascaridomorpha (species, infect, insert, diagnosis)

A

A. lumbrocoides & A. suum

Infect: embryonated eggs

Ingestion

Diagnostic stage is fertilized & unfertilized eggs.

28
Q

Toxicara (species, disease, infect, host)

A

T. canis & T. cati

Toxicariasis

Infect: L3 larva

Human accidental host

Visceral Larva Migrans (VLM)

29
Q

Pinworms/Oxyuridomorpha (species, infect, diagnosis)

A

Enterobius vermicularis

Light, blown by wind.

Female places eggs on the outside of the anus.

Infect: Embryonated eggs

Cellophane tape against a wooden applicator on the perianal skin.

30
Q

Filarial worms (species, disease, infect, diagnosis, vectors)

A

W. bancrofti, B. malayi and B. timori

Lymphatic filariasis: elephantiasis

Infect: L3 larva

Microfilaria diagnosis

Vectors: anopheles, aedes, culex, ochleretatus, and mansonia

31
Q

Onchocerca volvulus (disease, description, diagnosis, infect, symptoms)

A

Onchocerciasis

River blindness

Near fast flowing rivers

Diagnosis: skin biopsy

Infect: L3 larva, microfilaria

Symptoms: onchocercomas

32
Q

Guinea worm (species, insert, infect, condition)

A

Dracunculus medinensis

Ingestion of infected water

Infect: L3 larva

Infected person make contact with water.

The water must contain the crustacean intermediate host.

The water must be used for drinking.

Medical Parasitology (13 decks)

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