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N517 Tests > Test 3 Review Notes > Flashcards

Test 3 Review Notes Flashcards

1
Q

___promote growth

A

proto oncogenes

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2
Q

___ supress growth

A

tumor suppressor genes

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3
Q

what are the 4 main factors of CA cells

A

immortal, dysregulated cell growth, change in morphology, change in cell behavior

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4
Q

what phase does gene mutation occur

A

initation

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5
Q

what are the 4 phases of CA cells

A

initiation, promotion, progression, metastasis

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6
Q

where does latency occur in the phases of the CA cell

A

between initiation and promotion

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7
Q

what do tumor promoters do

A

shorten the latency period

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8
Q

BRCA1 is ER + or -

A

-

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9
Q

BRCA 2 is ER + or -

A

+

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10
Q

and adenoma originates where

A

glandular tissue

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11
Q

a carcinoma originates where

A

epithelium

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12
Q

a sarcoma originates where

A

connective

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13
Q

a lymphoma originates where

A

lymphatic tissue

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14
Q

glioma orriginates where

A

brain

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15
Q

CA cells have increased or decreased methylation

A

increased

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16
Q

transformation of one mature cell type to another is

A

metaplasia

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17
Q

increase in number of cells is

A

hyperplasia

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18
Q

dedifferentiation/regression of cells is

A

dysplasia

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19
Q

regression with irregularity of cells is

A

anaplasia

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20
Q

what does endostatin do

A

prevent angiogensis in CA

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21
Q

what does MTX do

A

prevent cell replication in CA

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22
Q

what part of the cell cycle does growth and differentiation occur

A

G1

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23
Q

what part of the cell cycle does DNA synthesis occur

A

S

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24
Q

what part of the cell cycle does the cell prepare for duplicaton

A

G2

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25
Q

what part of the cell cycle is division

A

M

26
Q

what is Fluvestrant

A

treatment for ER (+) CA that decreased number of estrogen receptros

27
Q

what is tamoxifen

A

used in ER (+) CA and blocks estrogen receptors

28
Q

What is herceptin

A

used in HER2 CA and slows down coding for growth receptor

29
Q

what excitatory cell is found in glaucoma

A

glutamate

30
Q

what is lantoprost

A

prostaglandin agonist used in glaucoma

31
Q

what is timolol

A

beta adrenergic blocker used in glaucoma

32
Q

how do beta adrenergic blockers help treat glaucoma

A

decrease fluid production

33
Q

what are the main SE of beta adrenergic blockers

A

cardiac and resp

34
Q

what is pilocarpine and carbachol

A

cholinergic agonists for glaucoma

35
Q

how do cholinergic agonists help treat glaucoma

A

increase outfloq

36
Q

what are the main SE of cholinergic agonists

A

miosis, brow ache

37
Q

what is the main differentiation between menieres and BPPV

A

hearing loss in menieres

38
Q

what disease is associated with pstosis of eyelids and mouth

A

bells palsy

39
Q

how is bells palsy treated

A

steroids and antivirals

40
Q

what disease can mimic bells palsy and how is it excluded

A

ramsay hunt - unusally has preauricular rash as it is herpetic

41
Q

what class is levofloxacin

A

fluroqionolone

42
Q

what class is azirthomycin

A

macrolide

43
Q

what class is gentamicin

A

aminoglycoside

44
Q

e. colie is gram

A

negative

45
Q

H. influenzaea is gram

A

negative

46
Q

C. diff is gram

A

positive

47
Q

H. pylori is gram

A

negative

48
Q

staph and strep are gram

A

positive

49
Q

pseudomonas is gram

A

negative

50
Q

why is tetracycline avoided in children

A

teeth discoloration

51
Q

what abx inihbits folate metabolism

A

sulfa

52
Q

what is the treatment for PID

A

ceftriazone plus doxy

53
Q

what is the treatment for vaginitis

A

metronidazole

54
Q

what is the treatment for urethritis

A

ceftriaxon plus azithro or erythro

55
Q

what is the treatment for pertussis

A

erythro

56
Q

what is the treatment for MRSA

A

doxy

57
Q

what class of medication can cause tendinopathy in the elderly

A

fluroqionolones

58
Q

what causes malaria

A

protozoan

59
Q

is malaira viral

A

no

60
Q

what is a prophylactic treatment for malaria

A

doxy

61
Q

what disease can be spread by contaminated water

A

cholera, hepatitis

62
Q

what vaccine contains virbrio cholera

A

dukarol

N517 Tests (7 decks)

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