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N517 Tests > study > Flashcards

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1
Q

Gliclizide and glyburide are what class of drug

A

sulfonylureas

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2
Q

what is metformins mechanism of action

A

decreases hepatic production of glucose and increases insuline sensitivity

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3
Q

Lactic acidosis is a possible adverse effect of what diabetic medication

A

metformin

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4
Q

what is the mechanism of action of sulfonylureas

A

cause beta cells to release more insulin

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5
Q

what class of medication are the “gliptins”

A

Dpp4 inhibitors

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6
Q

Januvia and trajenta are examples of what class of medication

A

DPP4 inhibitors

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7
Q

What is the mechanism of action of DPP4 inhibitors

A

inhibit breakdown of the incretin GLP-1

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8
Q

Semalgutide is an example of what class of medication

A

GLP1

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9
Q

What is the mechanism of action of GLP1

A

mimics the incretin GLP1

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10
Q

what class of medication are the “flozins”

A

SGLT2

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action of SGLT2

A

increases urinary glucose secretion by decreasing renal glucose reabosportion

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12
Q

What % HGBA1C is diagnostic for diabetes

A

> 6.5%

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13
Q

What class of medication are the “glitazones”

A

Thiazolidinediones

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14
Q

What is the mechanism of action of thiazolidinediones

A

increase insulin sensitivity, decrease gluconeogeneisis, increase glucose uptake

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15
Q

Gluconorm is what class of medication

A

Meglitinide

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16
Q

What is the mechanism of action of meglinitides

A

increase beta cell insulin release

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17
Q

Arcobose is what class of medicaiton

A

Glucuosidase inhibitors

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18
Q

What is the mechanism of action of glucosidase inhibitors

A

decreases glucose absorption from the gut

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19
Q

what class of medications increase insulin secreation

A

sulfonylureas and meglitines

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20
Q

what class of medications increase tissue insulin sensitivity

A

biguanide and thiazolinidiedones

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21
Q

what class of medication inhibits the digestion of sugar

A

glucosidase inihbitors

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22
Q

TRH is released from what structure

A

hypothalamus

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23
Q

TSH is released from what structure

A

Ant. Pit.

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24
Q

What would cause increased T3 and T3 and decreased TSH

A

hyperthyroid, graves disease

25
Q

what is first line treatment for hyperthyroidism

A

carbimazole

26
Q

propulthiouracil is used to treat what

A

hyperthyroidism

27
Q

what is radioactive iodine used to treat

A

hyerpthyroidism

28
Q

Carbimazole, methimazole and propylthiouracil are what class of medication

A

thioamides

29
Q

what is the mechanism of action of thioamides

A

blocks creation of T3 and T4

30
Q

what would cause decreased T3/T4 and increased TSH

A

primary hypothyroidism

31
Q

Hypothyroidism caused by a problem in the hypothalamus would have ___ T3/T4 and ___ TSH

A

decreased and decreased

32
Q

Hypothyroidism caused by a problem in the ant. pit. would have ___ T3/T4 and ____ TSH

A

decreased and decreased

33
Q

PTH increases or decreased serum calcium

A

increases

34
Q

increased cortisol and increased ACTH is caused by what

A

cushings

35
Q

increased ACTH with decreased cortisol is caused by what

A

addisons

36
Q

CRH is released by what structure

A

hypothalamus

37
Q

CRH triggers the Ant. Pit. to release what

A

ACTH

38
Q

why does addisons cause increased ACTH but not increased cortisol

A

destruction of adrenal gland means body is constantly signalled to release more ACTH but the adrenals cant release cortisol anymore

39
Q

what is the treatment for addisons

A

steroid replacement

40
Q

if doses are missed in the treatment of addisons what can it cause

A

adrenal crisis

41
Q

T1 cells are part of what hypersensitivity

A

Type 4

42
Q

what do T1 cells stimulate B cells to release

A

IgG

43
Q

T2 cells are part of what hypersensitivity

A

type 1

44
Q

What do T2 cells stimulate B cells to release

A

IgE

45
Q

What receptors do triptans bind to

A

serotonin

46
Q

What medication can cause SJS or toxic epidermal necrolysis in some asian populations

A

carbamazepine

47
Q

What part of the brain is responsible for emotional regulation

A

amygdala

48
Q

amitriptyline, imimpramine and desipramine are examples of what class of medication

A

Tricyclics

49
Q

What is the mechanism of action of tricyclics

A

inhibit norepi, serotonin and dopamine reuptake

50
Q

What is the mechanism of action of pramipexole

A

dopamine agonist

51
Q

what is pramipexole used to treat

A

RLS and parkinsons

52
Q

Sinemet is used to treat what

A

Parkinsons

53
Q

activated CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes are associated with what disease and what do they do

A

T1DM, destruction of beta cells

54
Q

which hypersensitivity is IgG or IgM mediated

A

Type 2

55
Q

hemolytic anemia is an example of which hypersensitivity

A

type 2

56
Q

which hypersensitivity is immune complex mediated

A

type 3

57
Q

systemic lupus is an example of what hypersensitivity

A

type 3

58
Q

which hypersensitivity is T cell mediated

A

Type 4

59
Q

SJS is an example of which hypersensitivity

A

type 4

N517 Tests (7 decks)

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