test 3 review Flashcards
study muscle actions more weighted to
lower extremity for diagram
kinesis diagrams from brunstrums
strongest ligament of the coxofemoral joint
iliofemoral ligament “y ligament”
posterior pelvic tilt stresses the anterior aspect
ccp for coxofemoral joint
extension, internal rotation, abduction
dislocation of the hip is typically
posterior, often trauma induced
angle of inclination of the femur
is generally 150 degrees at birth adult is 125-135
the mechanical axis is located
mostly outside of the femur
coxa valga
angle of inclination under 135, can cause dislocation of hip, creates a structurally longer leg on the affected side, distal femur adducted, inoment would hike up on same side
femoral retroversion….
may be due to a femoral neck fracture during infancy
angle of torsion at birth is ____ in adulthood is ____
40 degrees, 15 degrees
femoral retroversion causes
toe out stance and frog eye patella, genetic inheritance
posterior pelvic tilt
is accompanied by lumber flexion and a decreased lordotic curve
hip hiking; hip abduction occurs on the ____ side
supported side
hip hiking lateral lumbar flexion occurs to the ____ side
unsupported
hip hiking observed coxa valga to _____
accomidate increased limb length
sartorius acts antagonistically with TFL during isolated ____
hip flexion
say grace before tea pneumonc anterior to posterior insertion for pes anserine
Sartorius graciulis semitendinosus
glute Medius may observe _______pelvic drop with weakness
contralateral
glute med key pelvic stabilizer during________
single leg stance
what does not limit extension of the tibiofemoral joint
coronary ligaments
coronary ligaments
anchor the menisculs
lcl limits a ____ force
varus lateral has an R for VARUS
LCL
cord like and strongest of the ligamets
the medial meniscus is strongly aheard to _____
semimembranosus tendon
the medial meniscus is _______ than the lateral meniscus
C shaped and larger
flexion extension at the tibiofemoral joint ______ is required to achieve the last 15 degrees of extension
external rotation
terminal knee extension in open kinetic chain biceps femoris _____-
rotates the tibia laterally on the fixed femur
genu valgum results in compressive forces ____
laterally
genu valgum presents with an _____ Q angle
increased/ excessive
unlocking mechanism of the knee ____ is responsible for this in open and closed chain
politeus
unlocking mechanism of the knee in closed chain the ____ laterally rotates on the fixed ____
femur, tibia
adductor magnus knee unlocking
hamstrings are more active in____ than _____
closed chain than open
hamstrings most effective contraction generated in slight _____
hip flexion (hamstrings machine in gym at slight flexion)
syndesmosis joints
intermediated tib fib, cubonavicular, distal tib fib
cuneonavicular joint classification
plane synvoial
talocrural joint roll and glide in ht opposite direction
covex talor dome moves on fixed tib
open kintetic chain dorsiflexion talocrural joint
trochlea is wedged between the medial and lateral malleolar facets, tib fib rotated medially, fib adducts slides superiorly
pronation in closed kinetic chain involves
talar head plantar flexes
in open kinetic chain the calcaneus does what two motions
inversion adduction
a laterally rotated tibia in weight bearing will pull the subtalar joint into _____
supination, calcaneovarus
supination twist occurs at
the TMT joints to accommodate hindfoot pronation
the keystone of the medial longitudinal arch is the ____
talus
the _____ ligament limits posterior pelvic tilt during relaxed standing
illiofemoral
which is the only hip flexor that can effectivly flex beyond a 90 degree from a seated position
iliopsoas
excessive hip flexion on heel strike what muscle contributes to this?
glute maximus
which muscle pulls the lateral meniscus posteriorly during full knee flexion to prevent impingement
popliteus
pes cavus unilaterally what do you expect to see?
ipsilateral genu vara
both short and long plantar ligaments help maintain ______
longitudinal arch
Pronation pneumonic
Pro-p-add-i-e
supination pneumonic
Sup-ER-D-Ab-I
A ______ rotated tibia in weight bearing will pull the subtalar joint into pronation (calcaneovalgus)
medially
A ______rotated tibia in weight bearing will pull the subtalar joint into supination (calcaneovarus)
laterally
_____ Adduction/lateral deviation of 1st toe at MTP
hallux valgus
______ Decreased ROM at 1st MTP, especially in extension
Hallux Rigidus
Plantar Arches Formed by MT heads
Horizontal, and in full contact with ground
Anterior edge
Plantar Arches Formed by calcaneus & vertical
Posterior Edge
The _____ &______ are the most important supports for the plantar arches
plantar ligaments & plantar aponeurosis
Composed of calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms and medial three MTs
Medial Longitudinal Arch
Medial Longitudinal Arch keystone is what?
Talus
_____ is Composed of calcaneus, cuboid and lateral two MTs
Lateral Longitudinal Arch
Lateral Longitudinal Arch keystone
Cuboid
_____ is Composed of the cuboid, cuneiforms and MT bases
transverse arch
transverse arch keystone
middle cuneiform
with a Pes Planus (Flatfoot) there is a ____rotation of the tibia, fibula & femur follows in weight bearing
Medial
with a Pes Planus (Flatfoot)
The knee moves into a ____ position
valgus
with a Pes Planus (Flatfoot) the pelvis hikes on the _______ side
affected/ same
with a Pes Cavus (Supinated foot) ____rotation of the tibia, fibula & femur follows
Lateral
with a Pes Cavus (Supinated foot)
The knee moves into a ____ position
varus
with a Pes Cavus (Supinated foot) the pelvis ____ on same side
drops
the windlass effect causes a ___ of the medial longitudinal arch
elevation
Gastrocnemius and Soleus muscle action first causes hindfoot _____- before plantar flexion
supination (inversion)
gastrocs are most active in _____, soleus in walk/run and maintaining postural sway in standing position
jumping
____major contributor to dynamic medial arch support by controlling and opposing pronation during gait
Tibialis Posterior
what ligaments of the knee are intracapsular but extra synovial?
ACL and PCL
