chapter 9 Kinesiology of the hip and pelvis

Question 1

iliofemoral / Y lig.- limits ______, prevents _____ pelvic tilt during relaxed standing

Answer 1

hyperextension, posterior

Question 2

pubofemoral lig.- limits _______, ________, ________

Answer 2

hyperextension, lateral rotation and abduction

Question 3

ischiofemoral lig.- limits _______, _______ and _______; also limits __________

Answer 3

hyperextension, abduction, medial rotation, hyperflexion

Question 4

iliofemoral / Y lig. is the ____ of the three coxofemoral ligaments

Answer 4

strongest

Question 5

ischiofemoral lig is the ____ of the three coxofemoral ligaments

Answer 5

weakest

Question 6

_______________- helps provide vascular supply to femoral head via obturator artery

Answer 6

ligamentum teres / ligament of head of femur

Question 7

________- closes in the acetabulum to maximize femoral congruency

Answer 7

transverse acetabular lig.

Question 8

_______- anterior to the iliofemoral and pubofemoral ligaments, posterior to iliopsoas tendon

Answer 8

iliopectineal bursae

Question 9

_________Deep to gluteus medius on it’s way to insert on greater trochanter

Answer 9

Deep Trochanteric Bursa:

Question 10

__________Superficial to greater trochanter
Prevents compression of superficial structures when weight bearing on bone

Answer 10

Superficial Trochanteric Bursa:

Question 11

Acetabulum faces lateral, anterior &_____while femoral head faces _____ and superior

Answer 11

inferior , medial

Question 12

Coxofemoral Joint Typical Dislocation

Answer 12

posterior

Question 13

Coxofemoral Joint CPP

Answer 13

Extension, internal rotation & abduction

Question 14

Angle of Inclination Angle between the:
anatomic axis passing through the ____ of femur

axis passing through the femoral ____ and _____

Answer 14

shaft, neck and head

Question 15

Normal Angle of Inclination is considered _____ to ____ degrees in adults

Answer 15

125 to 135

Question 16

Coxa Varum (Vara):

Angle of inclination ______degrees

Answer 16

<125

Question 17

Coxa Varum (Vara) :Femur is ______ distally to compensate

Answer 17

abducted

Question 18

Coxa Varum (Vara): Predisposes femoral neck to_____

Answer 18

fracture

Question 19

_______ May be congenital or secondary to another pathology (ex. osteoarthritis, osteomalacia) and occurs slightly with ageing

Answer 19

Coxa Varum (Vara):

Question 20

Coxa Valgum (Valga):

Angle of inclination _____ degrees

Answer 20

> 135

Question 21

Coxa Valgum (Valga): Predisposes hip to _____

Answer 21

dislocation

Question 22

_______Often congenital (ie. Turner’s Syndrome)

May be due to neuromuscular, congenital disorders (Cerebral Palsy)

May also be due to fracture of femoral growth plate as child

Answer 22

Coxa Valgum (Valga)

Question 23

Coxa Valgum (Valga): Distal femur _____

Answer 23

adducted

Question 24

_______ Positions the femur into adduction during weight-bearing, creating a structural increase in limb length

Answer 24

Coxa Valgum (Valga)

Question 25

_______axis bisecting the medial and lateral femoral condyles axis passing through the femoral neck and head

Answer 25

Angle of Torsion

Question 26

_______ In adulthood, decreased to 15 degrees

Answer 26

Angle of Torsion of Femur

Question 27

________Angle of torsion >15 degrees Results in toe-in stance & winking patellae

Answer 27

Femoral Anteversion:

Question 28

_________Angle of torsion <15 degrees Results in toe-out stance & “frog eye” patellae

Answer 28

Femoral Retroversion:

Question 29

at the hip ______ are generally stronger than ______ due to longer moment arm about hip

Answer 29

Adductors, abductors

Question 30

To get full range at the hip you have to be ______rotated

Answer 30

externally

Question 31

(open kinetic chain): Convex femoral head moves on concave acetabulum Thus roll & glide in ______ directions

Answer 31

opposite

Question 32

closed kinetic chain of the hip ____ now moving on stable femur

Answer 32

Pelvis

Question 33

Concave acetabulum moves on convex femoral head Thus roll & glide in ________

Answer 33

same direction

Question 34

Anterior tilt: ______ femur approximates with ______pelvis Accompanied by lumbar _____

Answer 34

Anterior, anterior, extension

Question 35

Posterior tilt: ______ femur approximates with ______pelvis Accompanied by lumbar ____

Answer 35

Posterior, posterior, flexion

Question 36

When one side of pelvis laterally tilts, the other hip acts as a ______

Answer 36

pivot point

Question 37

During Hip Hiking… Hip _____ occurs on supported side

Answer 37

abduction

Question 38

During Hip Hiking… Hip ______ occurs on unsupported side

Answer 38

adduction

Question 39

During Hip Hiking Lateral lumbar flexion occurs toward to _____ side to maintain balance

Answer 39

unsupported

Question 40

Hip Hiking with Coxa Valga creates a structurally ____ leg on the affected side

Answer 40

longer

Question 41

This hip hiking posture may be observed with coxa valga on the ______ side to accommodate the increased leg length

Answer 41

affected

Question 42

Hip Hiking with Coxa Valga Tightness of ITB and ______ on supported (opposite) side results

Answer 42

abductors

Question 43

During Pelvic Drop… Hip _____ occurs on unsupported side

Answer 43

abduction

Question 44

During Pelvic Drop Hip _____ occurs on supported side

Answer 44

adduction

Question 45

During Pelvic Drop Lateral lumbar ______occurs toward to supported side to maintain balance

Answer 45

flexion

Question 46

This pelvic drop posture may be observed with _____ to accommodate the shorter leg length

Answer 46

coxa vara

Question 47

_____ with Coxa Vara may result in patellar tracking issues and chronic knee pain

Answer 47

Pelvic Drop

Question 48

When one side of pelvis rotates, the other hip acts as a ______

Answer 48

pivot point

Question 49

When walking, left leg swings forward & left innominate bone follows pivoting around right hip Relative______ occurs at right hip & ______ at left hip

Answer 49

internal rotation, external rotation

Question 50

Anterior Pelvic Rotation (Protraction) Lumbar spine must rotate _____ direction of moving innominate bone to keep eyes facing forwards

Answer 50

opposite

Question 51

In case of full trunk flexion: ______ tilt must accompany lumbar flexion

Answer 51

Anterior pelvic

Question 52

In case of full trunk flexion: _____ tilt must accompany lumbar extension

Answer 52

Posterior pelvic

Question 53

To achieve full hip abduction: - Must also be accompanied by _____ tilt and _____ flexion

Answer 53

lateral pelvic, lateral lumbar

Question 54

When shifting from one foot to the other in bilateral stance, pelvis may be kept in neutral through: action of the ________weight bearing leg action of contralateral ______

Answer 54

abductors , adductors

Question 55

The ipsilateral (weight-bearing side) ______are responsible for maintaining neutral pelvis during SLS

Answer 55

abductors

Question 56

The ________ of abductor force vector compresses the femoral head into acetabulum

Answer 56

x-component

Question 57

The body compensates naturally by __________ closer to the weight-bearing hip

Answer 57

shifting centre of gravity (CoG)

Question 58

the body compensates naturally by shifting centre of gravity (CoG) closer to the weight-bearing hip This decreases the ______ of CoG

Answer 58

moment arm

Question 59

One way of decreasing demands on the hip abductors with injury is by using a cane on the _______ side

Answer 59

contralateral

Question 60

Hamstring Group may be _____ _____during hip extension with 90° of knee flexion (below)

Answer 60

actively insufficient

Question 61

hamstring group most effective (greatest force of contraction) at ________ to optimize length – tension

Answer 61

~35° of hip flexion

Question 62

both _____ and ______ are particularly important in pelvic stabilization during unilateral stance

Answer 62

Gluteus Minimus and Medius

Question 63

dysfunction of _____ and ______- observe contralateral pelvic drop in gait, “Trendelenburg lurch”

Answer 63

Gluteus Minimus and Medius

Question 64

Gluteus Maximus most active against resisted ______ with the hip externally rotated at ~70° flexion

Answer 64

extension

Question 65

dysfunction of ______ - excessive hip flexion on heel – strike in gait

Answer 65

glute max

Question 66

knee flexion with adduction may cause active insufficiency in _____

Answer 66

gracilis

Question 67

strain- “groin pull”; fairly common injury usually involving the musculotendonous origin; imbalance between ____ and ____may predispose

Answer 67

adductors and abductors

Question 68

spasticity- “scissors gait” as may be observed in cerebral palsy with disfunction of ______

Answer 68

adductors

Question 69

_______act synergistically with iliopsoas during sit – ups and straight – leg raising to prevent active insufficiency of iliopsoas and to control extraneous pelvic and lumbar motion

Answer 69

Abdominals

Question 70

_______ contract concentrically to initiate trunk flexion

Answer 70

abdominals