Test 3 Muscles Flashcards
Biceps Brachii (both heads)
Short head: orig. Coracoid Process. Attach. Radial tuberosity.
Long head: orig. Supreglenoid tubercle. Attach. Forearm aponeurosis
Musculocutaneus nerve
Supinates forearm.
Flexes Supinated forearm
Flexes arm
Triceps Brachii (all three)
Origin:
Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle on scapula
long head insert: Medial and lateral heads of olecranon process on the ulna.
Lateral head: Posterior surface of the humerus superior to the radial groove.
Medial head: Posterior surface of the humerus inferior to the radial groove.
Insertion: Common tendon insertion
Radial Nerve
Extension of forearm and at glenohumeral joint (arm)
Long head: Accessory adductor
Long Head of the Triceps
Orig Infraglenoid tubercle on scapula
Insert Medial and lateral heads of olecranon process on the ulna.
Radial nerve
Extension of forearm and at glenohumeral joint(arm)
Accessory adductor**
Medial Head of the Triceps
Orig: Posterior surface of the humerus inferior to the radial groove.
Insert: Common tendon insertion
Radial nerve
Extension of the forearm and at the glenohumeral joint (arm)
Lateral Head of the Triceps
Orig: Posterior surface of the humerus superior to the radial groove
Insert: Common tendon insertion
Radial Nerve
Extension of the forearm and at the glenohumeral joint (arm)
Biceps Brachii (long head)
Orig: Supraglenoid tubercle
Insert: Forearm aponeurosis
Musculocutaneous Nerve.
Supinates forearm , Flexes supinated forearm, Flexes arm.
Biceps Brachii (short head)
Orig: Coracoid process
Insert: Radial tuberosity
Musculocutaneous Nerve.
Supinates forearm, Flexes supinated forearm, Flexes arm.
Brachialis
Orig: Distal 1/2 ANTERIOR surface of humerus, intermuscular septae.
Insert: Ulnar tuberosity
Musculocutaneous Nerve.
POWERFUL flexor of forearm in ALL positions.
Coracobrachialis
Orig: Coracoid process of scapula
Insert: Middle 1/3 of MEDIAL surface of the humerus.
Musculocutaneous Nerve.
Flexion and adduction of arm.
Deltoid (whole muscle)
Origin:
Posterior: Inferior edge of the crest of the spine of the scapula
Middle: Lateral margin of the aromion
Anterior: Anterior border of lateral 1/3 of clavicle.
Insert: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus.
Axillary Nerve.
Abductor (after initial 15 degrees)
Anterior fibers flex arm
Posterior fibers extend arm.
Deltoid (Anterior Fibers)
Orig: Anterior border of lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Insert: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Axillary nerve
Abductor (after initial 15 degrees)
Anterior fibers flex arm.
Deltoid (posterior fibers)
Orig: Inferior edge of the crest of the spine of the scapula.
Insert: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus.
Axillary nerve
Abductor *after initial 15 degrees
Posterior fibers Extend arm.
Trapezius
Origin: Superior Nuchal Line. Occipital protuberance Medial margin of ligamentum nuchae Spinous process of C7-T12
Insert:
Superior edge of the crest of the spine of the scapula, acromion, posterior border of lateral 1/3 of clavicle.
Cranial Nerve XI (Spinal accessory nerve)
Elevates and rotates the scapula
Middle fibers retract scapula
Lower fibers depress scapula
Trapezius upper fibers
Orig.: Superior nuchal line and Occipital Protuberand and Medial margin of ligamentum nuchae.
Insert: Superior edge of the crest of the spine of the scapula, acromion, posterior border of lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Cranial Nerve XI (Spinal accessory nerve)
Elevates and rotates the scapula
Trapezius middle fibers
Orig: Medial margin of ligamentum nuchae, Spinous processes of C7-?
Insert: Superior edge of the crest of the spine of the scapula, acromion, posterior border of lateral 1/3 of clavicle.
Cranial Nerve XI (Spinal accessory nerve)
Middle fibers retract scapula.
Trapezius Lower fibers
Orig: Spinous processes of C& - T12
Insert: Superior edge of the crest of the spine of the scapula, acromion, posterior border of lateral 1/3 of clavicle.
Cranial Nerve XI (Spinal accessory nerve)
Lower fibers depress scapula.
Levator Scapula
Orig. Transverse process of C1 and C2 and Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3-C4
Insert. Posterior surface of medial border of scapula from superior angle to root of the spine of scapula.
Dorsal Scapular nerve
Elevates scapula
Rhomboid Minor
Orig: Lower end of ligamentum nuchae. and Spinous processes of C7 and T1.
Insert: Posterior surface of medial border of scpula at the root of the spine of the scapula.
Dorsal Scapular Nerve
Elevates and retracts scapula.
Downward rotation of scapula.
Rhomboid Major
Orig: Spinous processes of T2-T5 and intervening supraspinous ligaments.
INsert: Posterior surface of medial border of scapula from root of the spine of the scapula to the inferior angle
Dorsal scapular nerve
Elevates and retracts scapula
Downward rotation of scapula
Supraspinatus
Orig: Medial 2/3 of the supraspinous fossa
Insert: Superior facet on greater tubercle of humerus
Suprascapular nerve
Abduction
Infraspinatus
Orig: Medial 2/3 of the infraspinous fossa
Insert: Middle facet on greater tubercle of humerus
Suprascapular nerve
Lateral rotation of the arm.
Teres Minor
Orig: Lateral border of the scapula (Upper 2/3 of a flattened strip of bone)
Insert: Inferior facet on greater tubercle of humerus.
Axillary Nerve
Lateral rotation of the arm.
Teres Major
Orig: Inferior angle of the scapula
Insert: Medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus on anterior side of humerus
Inferior subscapular nerve
Medial rotation and extension of the arm.
Pectoralis Major
Orig: Clavicular head: Anterior surface of the medial half of clavicle
Sternal Head: Anterior surface of sternum.
Insert: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus.
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Flexion, adduction, and medial rotation of arm
Clavicular head: Flexion of extended arm.
Pectoralis Major Clavicular head
Orig: Anterior surface of the medial half of clavicle
Insert: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus.
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Flexion of extended arm.
Pectoralis Major Sternal Head
Orig: Anterior suface of sternum.
Insert: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus.
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves.
FLexion, adduction, and medial rotation of arm.
Subclavius
Orig: First rib at junction of rib and costal cartilage
Insert: Groove of inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle
Nerve to subclavius
Pulls tip of shoulder down
Pulls clavicle medially
Subscapularis
Orig: Middle 2/3 of subscapular fossa
Insert: Lesser tubercle of humerus
Upper and lower subscapular nerves
Medial rotation of the arm.
Latissimus Dorsi
Orig: Spinous process of lower six thoracic vertebrae. Thoracolumbar fascia to the spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae. Iliac crest. Lower 3-4 ribs.
Insert: Floor of intertubercular sulcus
Thoracodorsal nerve.
Adduction
Medial rotation
Extension
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Orig: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insert: Pisiform, hamate, base of metacarpal 5
Ulnar nerve
Flexes elbow
Flexes and adducts wrist.
Palmaris Longus
Orig:Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insert: Palmar aponeurosis of the hand
Median nerve
Flexes elbow
Flexes wrist.
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Orig: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insert: Base of metacarpal 2 and 3
Median nerve
Flexes elbow
Flexes and abducts wrist.
Pronator Teres
Orig: Medial epicondyle and adjacent supraepicondylar ridge
Insert: Mid-shaft of the radius
Median Nerve
Flexes elbow
Pronation of Forearm
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Orig: Medial epicondyle of humerus and oblique line of radius
Insert: Middle Phalanges of digits 2-5.
Median Nerve
Flexes PIP joint of 2-5, Flexes MCP joint 2-5 (fingers), Flexes wrist.
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Orig: Anterior and medial surfaces of the ulna and interosseous membrane.
Insert: Distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Lateral half: Median (lateral 3 fingers)
Medial half: Ulnar (Ring and pinky finger)
Flexes DIP of 2-5, flexes MCP joint 2-5, flexes wrist.
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Orig: Anterior surface of radius and radial half of interosseous membrane.
Insert: Base of distal phalanx of thumb.
Median Nerve
Flexes IP joint of the thumb, Flexes the MCP joint of the thumb.
Pronator Quadratus
Orig: Distal anterior surface of ulna
Insert: Distal anterior surface of radius
Median Nerve
Pronation
Brachioradialis
Orig: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insert: Lateral surface of distal end of radius
Radial Nerve
Flexor of elbow joint when forearm is mid pronated.
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Orig: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus.
Insert: Dorsal surface of base of metacarpal 2.
Radial nerve
Extends and abducts the wrist.
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Orig: Lateral epicondyl of the humerus
Insert: Dorsal surface and base of metacarpal 2 and 3.
Deep branch of radial nerve
Extends and abducts the wrist.
Extensor Digitorum
Orig: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insert: Four tendons that insert via extensor hood
Posterior interosseous nerve
Extends digits 2-5, extends wrist.
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Orig: Lateral epicondyle of humerus.
Insert: Extensor hood of the little finger.
Posterior interosseous nerve
Extends little finger.
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Orig: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insert: Base of metacarpal 5
Posterior interosseous nerve
Extends and adducts wrist
Anconeus
Orig: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insert: Olecranon and proximal posterior surface of ulna
Radial Nerve
Abduction of the ulna, extensor of elbow joint.
Supinator**
No Orig
No Insert
Posterior interosseous nerve
Supination
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Orig: Posterior surfaces of the ulna and radius and interosseous membrane.
Insert: Lateral side of base of metacarpal 1.
Posterior interosseous nerve
Abducts CMC joint of the thumb. Extends wrist, abducts thumb.
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Orig: Posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
Insert: Dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb
Posterior interosseous nerve
Extends MCP and CMC joints of the thumb. Extends wrist, abducts wrist.
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Orig: Posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
Insert: Base of distal phalanx of the thumb.
Posterior interosseous nerve
Extends IP, MCP, and CMC joints of the thumb. Extends wrist
Extensor Indices
Orig: Posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
Insert: Extensor hood of index finger
Posterior interosseous nerve
Extends the index finger. Extends wrist.
Palmaris Brevis
O: Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum (retinaculum = Transverse carpal ligament)
I: Dermis of skin on the medial margin of the hand
Superficial branch of the Ulnar nerve
Improves grip
Dorsal Interossei
O: Adjacent sides of metacarpals
I: Extensor expansion and base of proximal phalanx of digits 2-4.
Deep branch of the ulnar nerve
Abduction of digits 2-4 at the MCP joint, flexes MCP while extending IP joints of digits 2-4
Palmar Interossei
O: Sides of metacarpals
I: Extensor expansion and base of proximal phalanx of digits 2, 4, 5.
Deep branch of the ulnar nerve.
Adduction of digits 2, 4, and 5 at the MCP joints, flexes MCP while extending IP joints of digits 2, 4, and 5
Adductor Pollicis
O: Transverse head: Metacarpal 3; Oblique head: Capitate and bases of metacarpal 2 and 3.
I: Base of proximal phalanx and extensor expansion of thumb.
Deep branch of the ulnar nerve
Adducts thumb
Lumbricals
O: Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus.
I: Extensor expansions of digits 2-5
Medial two: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve.
Lateral two: Digital branches of the median nerve.
Flexes MCP joints while extending IP joints of digits 2-5.
Opponens Pollicis
O: Tubercle of trapezium and flexor retinaculum
I: Lateral margin of adjacent palmar surface of metacarpal 1.
Recurrent branch of median nerve.
Medially rotates the thumb.
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
O: Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium and adjacent flexor retinaculum.
I: Proximal phalanx and extensor hood of thumb
Recurrent branch of median nerve
Abducts thumb at MCP joint.
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
O: Tubercle of the trapezium and flexor retinaculum
I: Proximal phalanx of the thumb.
Recurrent branch of median nerve
Flexes thumb at MCP joint.
Opponens Digiti Minimi
O: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
I: Medial aspect of metacarpal 5
Deep branch of the ulnar nerve
Laterally rotates metacarpal 5
Abductor Digiti Minimi
O: Pisiform, pisohamate ligament, tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris.
I: Proximal phalanx of digit 5
Deep branch of the ulnar nerve
Abducts digit 5 at MCP joint
Flexor Digiti Minimi
O: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
I: Proximal phalanx of digit 5
Deep branch of the ulnar nerve
Flexes digit 5 at MCP joint.
