Test 3 M&M ?'s

Question 1

What is the difference between tolerance and withdrawal

Answer 1

• Tolerance- larger doses of a substance needed to produce the desired effect; Effects of the drug become markedly less if the usual amount is taken
• Withdrawal- Negative physical/psychological effects that develop when a person stops/reduces the amount of drug intake

Question 2

What are the names/characteristics of the three clusters of Personality Disorders?

Answer 2

Cluster A: Odd or Eccentric Cluster
Cluster B: Dramatic or Erratic Cluster
Cluster C: Anxious or Avoidant Cluster

Question 3

What are the four main areas of behavior where people with personality disorders have problems?

Answer 3

Enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior appearing in at least two of these areas:

	- Cognition (thoughts about self, others, the world)
	- Affectivity (intensity, stability, appropriateness of emotions)
	- Interpersonal functioning
	- Impulse Control

Question 4

Avoidant personality disorder is believed to be on a continuum with what other condition?

Answer 4

-Social Phobia

Question 5

What is the role of impaired social relationships in Schizoid PD, Paranoid PD, and Avoidant PD?

Answer 5

• Schizoid PD- doesn’t see need for relationships; can care less about having them
• Paranoid PD- doesn’t have relationships; people are out to get them
• Avoidant PD- desperately wants relationships; people scare them

Question 6

What are the main differences between obsessive compulsive disorder and obsessive compulsive personality disorder?

Answer 6

• OCD- anxiety producing obsessions reduced by anxiety relieving rituals; can have a need for order and doing things just right
• OCPD- primary need for order and neatness; highly rigid and structured way of doing things; no formal obsessions and compulsions

Question 7

What role does attention getting behavior play in the PDs found in Cluster B?

Answer 7

• Histrionic-craves attention and acts dramatically to get it
• Borderline-erratic and unstable behavior gains attention from others
• Narcissistic-feels they are owed attention because they are so great
• Antisocial- doesn’t necessarily want attention but criminal actions attracts it

Question 8

What is the field of psychology that focuses primarily on issues related to problems of and caring for the elderly?

Answer 8

-Geropsychology

Question 9

What are the differences between an age effect, a cohort effect and a time-of-measurement effect?

Answer 9

• Age effect- consequences of being a given chronological age
• Cohort effect- consequences of having being born during a particular period of time
• Time-of-measurement effects- confounds that arise because particular historic events have specific effects

Question 10

What are two reasons we see less schizophrenia in the elderly?

Answer 10

1. Schizophrenics tend to die young
2. Schizophrenia tends to remit as people age
3. Rare to develop schizophrenia after age 60

Question 11

What are the two concerns with treating the elderly’s mental health issues using medication?

Answer 11

1. Compromised cognitive function (forgetfulness)
2. Slowed metabolism (overdosing)
3. Drug side-effects
4. Drug interactions

Question 12

What are two main differences between dementia and delirium?

Answer 12

1. Delirium has a rapid onset but dementia is slow onset
2. Dementia is progressive and permanent but delirium is transitory and reversible
3. Delirium is more likely to have hallucinations and delusions
4. Delirium is more likely to show incoherent speech and confusion

Question 13

-What are the three rules that have been used to determine if a person is not guilty by reason of insanity?

Answer 13

1. ) The M’Naghten Rule- Person had to be unable to know right from wrong
2. ) Irresistible Impulse Rule- Means that the person was compelled to commit the criminal act
3. ) Durham Rule- The person is not responsible if their unlawful act was the product of mental disease or mental defect

Question 14

-What is the difference between criminal commitment and civil commitment?

Answer 14

• Criminal Commitment is the process in which a mentally ill person who has committed a crime is confined to an institution
• Civil Commitment refers to a set of procedures by which a mentally ill and dangerous person can be incarcerated within a mental hospital for safety
• Both involve incarceration against the person’s will

Question 15

-Among the biological treatment approaches for substance abuse, what is the difference between agonist substitution and antagonist substitution therapy?

Answer 15

• Agonist substitution- Replacing one drug with a similar drug that is safer
  
  • Nicotine patch for smokers
• Antagonist substitution- Blocking one’s drug effect with another drug
  - Naltrexone for alcohol, heroin abuse