disorders of sex and gender

Question 1

Two categories of sexual disorders

Answer 1

• sexual dysfunctions
  
  • problems with sexual responses
• Paraphilic Disorders
  
  • Repeated and intense sexual urges and fantasies in response to socially inappropriate objects or situations

Question 2

Sexual Dysfunctions

Answer 2

• disorders in which people cannot respond normally in key areas of sexual functioning
• distressing, frustrating, can lead to guilt, loss of self esteem
• can be life long, acquired, generalized, situational

Question 3

Human sexual response cycle

Answer 3

Desire, excitement, orgasm, resolution

Question 4

Disorders of desire (2 types)

• • desire phase
  • interest in or urge to have sex, fantasys, sexual attract

Answer 4

• Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
  
  • lack of interest or desire for for sex or sexual activity
  • 6 months or more
• Female sexual interest/arousal disorder
  
  • dysfunction marked by a persistent reduction or lack of interest in sex and hence low sexual activity
  • ## 6 months or more

Question 5

Excitement phase

Answer 5

-The phase of the sexual response cycle marked by changes in the pelvic region, general physical arousal, increase heart rate, muscle tension, blood pressure and breathing

Question 6

Erectile Disorder

Answer 6

repeatedly cant maintain or get up
- Biological cause
- hormonal imbalances that can cause hypoactive sexual desire
- vascular problems are most common
- damage to nervous system
- medications or substance abuse
Psychological causes
- same as male hypoactive sexual desire
- performance anxiety and spectator role

Question 7

Nocturnal Penile Tuminescince

Answer 7

boners during sleep

Question 8

disorders of desire causes

Answer 8

Biological 
  - hormones 
  - medications
  - Chronic Illness
Psychological 
  - anxiety, depression, anger
  - fears, attitudes, and memories
  - Psychological disorders 
     - depression, OCD
Sociocultural 
  - attitudes, cultural standards
  - situation pressures 
  - Trauma

Question 9

Disorders of Orgasm (3 types)

Answer 9

• Premature ejaculation
• Delayed ejaculation
• Female Orgasm Disorder

Question 10

Premature Ejactulation

Answer 10

cumming in under 1 min of being aroused

- typical for young and inexperienced

Question 11

delayed Ejaculation

Answer 11

• repeated inability to cum or delayed cumming after normal sexual activity with a partner

Question 12

Female Orgasmic Disorder

Answer 12

• Persistent failure to cum, low intensity, or delayed orgasm

Question 13

Disorders of sexual pain (2 types)

Answer 13

1. Vaginismus

2. Dyspareunia

Question 14

Vaginismus

Answer 14

• involuntary contractions of the muscles of the outer third of the vagina
• severe cases can prevent having sex
• Can be a learned feared response
  
  • anxiety, ignorance, trauma, infection, diease

Question 15

Dyspareunia

Answer 15

• severe vaginal or pelvic pain during sex

- usually a physical cause from a injury sustained in childbirth

Question 16

treatments for sexual dysfunctions

Answer 16

• relaxation therapy and systematic desensitization
• modern sex therapy is short term and instructive
  
  • typically 15-20 sessions

Question 17

Paraphilic Disorders

Answer 17

• characterized by intense sexual urges, fantasies or behaviors that involve objects or situations outside the usual sexual norms including
  
  • nonhumans, children, non-consenting adults, suffering or humiliation
• at least 6 months

Question 18

Fetishistic Disorder

Answer 18

• Recurrent intense sexual urges, arousing fantasies, or behaviors that involve the use of a nonliving object , often to the exclusion of all other stimuli
• almost anything can be a fetish

Question 19

Voyeruistic Disorder

Answer 19

• Involves observing an unsuspecting person who is naked, in the process of undressing or engaging in sexual activity
• element of risk is key for arousal
• most common paraphilic disorder

Question 20

Exhibitionistic Disorder

Answer 20

• Involves the exposure of ones genitals to an unsuspecting person

Question 21

frotteuristic Disorder

Answer 21

Rubbing or touching up on a non- consenting person

Question 22

Sexual sadism disorder

Answer 22

physical or psychological suffering of another person

- obtaining sexual gratification by inflicting pain on others

Question 23

Sexual masochism disorder

Answer 23

subjecting oneself to pain or humiliation for sexual gratification.

Question 24

Pedophilic Disorder

Answer 24

• involved a boy, 13 years or younger
• individual at least 16 and at least 5 years older than child
• homo- or hetero

Question 25

Paraphilic disorders disorders etiology

Answer 25

psychodynamic view
- defensive processes of those fixated in early developmental stages
Substance abuse view
- alcohol can trigger (lower inhibition)
Biological view
-testosterone and other sex hormones play role
Cognitive view
- distortions play a role
Behaviorist view
- paraphilias represent classical operant conditioning of sexual arousal

Question 26

Paraphilic disorders treatments

Answer 26

treatment motivation is underminded by
  - denial
  - seriousness of disorder
motivational interviewing 
  - emphasize the negative consequences 
  - point out that treatment might help control themselves