Test 3 - Chapter 10

Question 1

A primary sex characteristic in females; a girl’s first menstrual period, which signals the ability to reproduce sexually.

Answer 1

menarche

Question 2

The female gonads (sex glands); they release the sex hormones and produce the cells that females use for sexual reproduction, called eggs.

Answer 2

ovaries

Question 3

A primary sex characteristic in males; a boy’s beginning to produce mature sperm, which signals the ability to reproduce sexually.

Answer 3

spermarche

Question 4

The male gonads (sex glands); they release the sex hormones and produce the cells that males use for sexual reproduction, called sperm.

Answer 4

testes

Question 5

A class of hormones, including estradiol, that are more prevalent in females; they are associated with the development of the secondary and primary sex characteristics and with sexual behavior.

Answer 5

estrogens

Question 6

A class of hormones, including testosterone, that are more prevalent in males; they are associated with the development of the secondary and primary sex characteristics and with sexual behavior.

Answer 6

androgens

Question 7

Biological sex is determined by …

Answer 7

all of the above

Question 8

Secondary sex characteristics

Answer 8

Men - facial hair, more angular jaw, deepening voice, body hair, increased muscle mass, pubic hair

Women - fat on breasts, body hair, greater definition of waist, fat on the hips, pubic hair

Question 9

What does it mean when someone gave birth to an infant without a SRY gene?

Answer 9

they’re having a girl

Question 10

________, the physical aspects of being male or female, is different from _______, the social differences between being male or female.

Answer 10

1. Biological Sex

2. Gender

Question 11

Dr. Jackson has just delivered a newborn infant with androgen insensitivity syndrome. The baby is genetically male but has ambiguous genitals that much more closely resemble a vagina than a penis. Based on recent research, what is the most appropriate course of action that Dr. Jackson should recommend to the infant’s parents?

Answer 11

do NOT alter baby genitals (androgen insensitivity)

Question 12

You can tell always tell a person’s biological sex by looking at their genitals. (myth or fact)

Answer 12

Myth

Question 13

The differences in the brains of males and females have very little impact on how males and females think and act. (myth or fact)

Answer 13

Fact - The brains of males and females are actually more similar than not. And any differences probably do not significantly affect psychological processes. This is called the gender similarities hypothesis.

Question 14

Pat and Chris have a new baby. They take one look at the genitals and declare, “It’s a boy!” Based on this, the parents have decided

A. that the baby is experiencing intersexuality.
B. on the baby’s biological sex.
C. that the baby has androgen insensitivity syndrome.
D. on the baby’s gender.

Answer 14

B. on the baby’s biological sex.

Question 15

Marisa is pregnant and wants to learn the sex of her baby. Her friend, who took Introductory Psychology, tells her, “The sex of the baby was determined at conception and depends on the sex chromosomes in the zygote. If they are ______ then the baby will be male. If they are ______ then the baby will be female.”

A. XX; XXY
B. XXY; XX
C. XX; XY
D. XY; XX

Answer 15

D. XY; XX

Question 16

Research shows that when people with higher levels of testosterone view angry and fearful faces, there is more activation in the ________ and less activation in the _______.

Answer 16

1. amygdala

2. prefrontal cortex

Question 17

The idea that males and females are similar in most psychological processes is _______________.

Answer 17

gender similarity hypothesis

Question 18

Research suggests that one of the reasons why males tend to be more physically aggressive than females is that males tend to have more _______, which binds with many receptors in the and increases the tendency for aggressive responses.

Answer 18

testosterone

Question 19

When people do not clearly fall into the binary of being biologically male or biologically female, they are experiencing ______.

Answer 19

intersexuality

Question 20

__________ is when development doesn’t follow the normal course. It could include things like learning and social disabilities and disorders.

Answer 20

atypical development

Question 21

two female sex chromosomes and one male sex chromosome (XXY)

Answer 21

Klinefelter syndrome

Question 22

two female sex chromosomes and one male sex chromosome (XXY)

Answer 22

Klinefelter syndrome

Question 23

________ is when a person who is genetically male (who has one X and one Y chromosome) is resistant to male hormones (called androgens). As a result, the person has some or all of the physical traits of a woman, but the genetic makeup of a man.

Answer 23

androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS)

Question 24

At a college in the United States a female runner was found to have XY sex chromosomes, lack ovaries and a uterus, and have internal testes that produce high levels of testosterone. This runner may be described as experiencing intersexuality because she ________.

Answer 24

isn’t fully male or female

Question 25

_________ is a group of inherited genetic disorders that affect the adrenal glands, a pair of walnut-sized organs above your kidneys. A person with ______ lacks one of the enzymes the adrenal glands use to produce hormones that help regulate metabolism, the immune system, blood pressure and other essential functions.

Answer 25

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)

Question 26

A person’s sense of being male or female matches their biological sex. (myth or fact)

Answer 26

myth

Question 27

possessing traits typically viewed as consistent with that person’s biological sex

Answer 27

sex-typed

Question 28

possessing traits typically viewed as consistent with a different biological sex

Answer 28

cross-sex-typed

Question 29

possessing traits typically associated with males as well as possessing traits typically associated with females

Answer 29

androgynous

Question 30

possessing traits not typically associated with either males or females

Answer 30

undifferentiated

Question 31

After taking the Bem Sex Role Inventory, Gloria, a female, found that she was supposedly high in characteristics of males. According to the inventory, Gloria would most likely be classified as having which sex role?

A. androgynous
B. sex-typed
C. undifferentiated
D. cross-sex-typed

Answer 31

D. cross-sex-typed

Question 32

In 10-year-old Kyle’s family, his mother and older sister take showers, whereas his father and he take baths. Based on this experience, Kyle has created mental categories of showers as “something girls do” and baths as “something boys do.” These mental categories are Kyle’s gender

A. dysphorias.
B. roles.
C. identities.
D. schemas.

Answer 32

D. schemas.

Question 33

Aidan is 3 years old and sometimes likes to play dress-up in his sister’s princess gowns and wear barrettes in his hair. Sometimes Aidan calls himself a girl, but other times he calls himself a boy. Based on this information, it is most accurate to say that Aidan is

A. transgender
B. experiencing normal development of gender identity
C. transsexual
D. experiencing gender dysphoria

Answer 33

B. experiencing normal development of gender identity

Question 34

Sexual orientation is about whom you have sexual relations with. (myth or fact)

Answer 34

myth

Question 35

The sexual orientation of people who are gay and lesbian is most likely determined by biology, not by how they were raised. (myth or fact)

Answer 35

fact

Question 36

Maria is an 18-year-old young woman and Dale is an 18-year-old young man. Both are developing normally physically. However, Dale experiences more sexual thoughts and desires than Maria. This is best explained by Dale having \_\_\_\_\_ levels of \_\_\_\_\_ than Maria.
A. lower; androgens
B. greater; estradiol
C. lower; estrogens
D. greater; testosterone

Answer 36

D. greater; testosterone

Question 37

Zander and Georgia are having a debate about their sexual responses. According to Master’s and Johnson, men and women’s sexual response cycles differ because only women

A. can have multiple orgasms.
B. show more variation in the excitement phase.
C. have no refractory period.
D. all of the above

Answer 37

C. have no refractory period.

Question 38

When we use gender schemas as mental shortcuts for processing information, we are using _______.

Answer 38

gender stereotypes