Test 3 Botanical "Essential Facts" Flashcards
What is the scientific name for andrographis?
Andrographis paniculata
What is the scientific name for Purple Coneflower?
Echinacea purpura/ Angusitfolia/ Pallida
What is the scientific name for Siberian Ginseng?
Eleutherococcus Senticosus
What is the scientific name for Black Elderberry?
Sambucus nigra
What is the scientific name for South African Geranium?
Pelargonium sidoides
What is the scientific name for English Ivy?
Hedera helix
What part of the plant is used for purple coneflower?
Root or above ground parts
What part of the plant is used for andrographis?
Leafs and flower
What part of the plant is used for black elderberry?
Berry
What part of the plant is used for South African geranium?
Root
What part of the plant is used for english ivy?
Leaf
What are the active constituents for purple coneflower?
Alkylamides/ polyacetylenes, caffeic acid derivatives, and polysaccharides.
What are the active constituents for andrographis?
Andrographolides
What are the active constituents for siberian ginseng?
Eleutherosides
What are the active constituents for black elderberry?
Quercetin and anthocyanins
What are the active constituents for South African geranium?
Polyphenols from coumarin and catechin families
What are the active constituents for english ivy?
Saponins (alpha-hedarin)
What are the physiological effects of purple coneflower?
Non-specific immunity, adaptive immunity, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects; chemotherapy and antifungal
What are the physiological effects of andrographis?
Immunomodulating and anti-inflammatory properties.
What are the physiological effects of siberian ginseng?
Antioxidant, immunostimulatory, cellular growth regulation, and anti-inflammatory.
What are the physiological effects of black elderberry?
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
What are the physiological effects of South African geranium?
Immunostimulant, antimicrobial, and other anti-infective properties.
What are the physiological effects of english ivy?
Anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, bronchodilating, mucolytic, antibacterial, and expectorant effects.
What is the clinical evidence for purple coneflower?
Historical: external wounds, upper respiratory symptoms.
Clinically: reduces duration, risk, and severity of common cold.
What is the clinical evidence for Andrographis?
When combined with eleutherococcus (siberian ginseng), it can reduce the symptoms of the common cold.
What is the clinical evidence of siberian ginseng?
Clinical: increase number and activity of T-lymphocytes.
What is the clinical evidence of black elderberry?
Clinical: increase production of cytokines in monocytes, preventing and treating the flu.
What is the clinical evidence of South African geranium?
Clinical: Reduced symptoms of acute bronchitis.
What is the clinical evidence of english ivy?
Clinical: reduced airway resistence, improved spirometry and auscultation findings.
What are the extraction and standardization criteria for purple coneflower?
Expressed juice- 20-40 drops TID-Q2H.
Alcohol extract- at least 7 mg dried powder TID.
Extract of fresh flower- 4mL 10x/day on first day, then 4 mL 4x/day.
Dried herb root- 900-3000 mg/day.
Tincture- 3-5 mL/day.
Infusion- 3-5c/day.
What are the extraction and standardization criteria for andrographis?
Extract of 40-60 mg daily
What are the extraction and standardization criteria for siberian ginseng?
Extract of 2-2.4 mg daily
What are the extraction and standardization criteria for black elderberry?
Syrup extract containing 38% w/ dose of 1 tbsp 4x/day for adults, 2x/day for kids.
What are the extraction and standardization criteria for South African geranium?
1:8-10 tincture (11% ethanol in water)
What are the extraction and standardization criteria for english ivy?
Extract using 30% ethanol in water as solvent, when evaporated produces 5-7.5x concentration of dried leaf.
105 mg/day is minimal dosage for adults.
What are the contraindications/precautions for purple coneflower?
Autoimmune disease and allergy to related plants (ragweed, daisy, sunflower).
What are the contraindications for andrographis?
None
What are the contraindication/precautions for siberian ginseng?
None
What are the contraindication/precautions for black elderberry?
Known allergies to plants of the honeysuckle family.
What are the contraindication/precautions for South African geranium?
Possible allergic reaction.
What are the contraindication/precautions for English ivy?
None
What are the side effects for Purple coneflower?
Rare and mild alterations of taste sensation, anaphylaxis, rash in 7% of kids, and possible effects of fertility.
What are the side effects for andrographis?
None
What are the side effects for siberian ginseng?
None
What are the side effects for black elderberry?
None
What are the side effects for South African geranium?
None
What are the side effects for English ivy?
None
