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Clinical Nutrition > Test 2 Botanical "Essential Facts" > Flashcards

Test 2 Botanical "Essential Facts" Flashcards

0
Q

What part of the plant is used for Devil’s Claw?

A

Tubers

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1
Q

What is the scientific name for Devil’s Claw?

A

Harpagophytum Procumbens

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2
Q

What is the active constituent for Devil’s Claw?

A

Iridoid Glycosides

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3
Q

What are the physiological effects for Devil’s Claw?

A

Anti inflammatory via COX-2 inhibition
Analgesic
Chondroprotective

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4
Q

What kind of clinical evidence is there for Devil’s Claw?

A

Osteoarthritis of the spine, hip, and knee.
Chronic non-specific LBP.
Acute exacerbations of chronic non-specific LBP.

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5
Q

What are the extraction and standardization criteria for effective preparations of Devil’s Claw?

A

Crude powder herb, extract using 60% of ethanol or water. Harpagoside content varies from <30 mg to 100 mg/day.
Aqueous has most concentration for harpagoside.

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6
Q

What are the contraindications/precautions for Devil’s Claw?

A

Interaction with anti-coagulants.

Exacerbation of peptic ulcer.

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7
Q

What’s the scientific name for Willow Bark?

A

Salix Alba

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8
Q

What part of the plant is used for Willow Bark?

A

Bark (hopefully that was kinda obvious)

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9
Q

What is the active constituent for Willow Bark?

A

Salicylates

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10
Q

What are the physiological effects of Willow Bark?

A

Anti-inflammatory via COX-2 inhibition.
Analgesic.
Fever reducing.

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11
Q

What is the clinical evidence for Willow Bark?

A

OA and RA.

LBP.

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12
Q

What are the extraction and standardization criteria for effective preparations of Willow Bark?

A

Need extracts standardized in salicin (40-80 mg salicin).

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13
Q

What are the contraindications/precautions for Willow Bark?

A

Additive affects when combined with anti-coagulant meds.
Risk of Reye’s Syndrome.
Similar cautions for aspirin.

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14
Q

What is the scientific name for Capsaicin?

A

Capsicum annum or Frutescenes

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15
Q

What part of the plant is used for Capsaicin?

A

Fruit (hot pepper)

16
Q

What is the active constituent for capsaicin?

A

Capsaicinoids

17
Q

What are the physiological effects of capsaicin?

A

Desensitizes sensory neurons (releases substance P).

Anti-inflammatory effect.

18
Q

What is the clinical evidence for Capsaicin?

A

Arthritis.
Small effects on fibromyalgia and chronic neck pain.
Headaches.

19
Q

What are the extraction and standardization criteria for effective preparations of capsaicin?

A

Creams must contain .025% capsaicin, patches should have quantified capsaicinoid (22 mcg/cm2).

20
Q

What are the contraindications/precautions for capsaicin?

A

Wash hands, avoid contact with eyes and open lesions, avoid breathing volatized creams.

21
Q

What is capsaicin a component of?

A

Cayenne pepper

22
Q

What is the scientific name for gingko biloba?

A

Maidenhair tree (common name)

23
Q

What part of the plant is used for ginkgo biloba?

A

Leaf

24
Q

What are the active constituents for ginkgo biloba?

A

Flavone glycosides and Terpene lactones.

25
Q

What are the physiological effects of ginkgo biloba?

A

Affects neurotransmitter function, blood flow characteristics, and inhibits neuronal damage.

26
Q

What is the clinical evidence for ginkgo biloba?

A

Improves cognitive fxn, or decline in healthy populations.
Alzheimer’s dz, age related cognitive decline, and cerebral insufficiency.
Improves intermittent claudication.

27
Q

What are the extraction and standardization criteria for effective preparations of ginkgo biloba?

A

Highly concentrated (50:1) extract.
Standardized leaf extract (6% terpene lactones and 24% flavone glycosides).
180-240 mg per day in divided doses.
Up to 6 weeks or more for results.

28
Q

What are the contraindication/precautions for Ginkgo Biloba?

A

Children under 12.

29
Q

What are the side effects for gingko biloba?

A

Transient HA.
Occasional upset GI.
Occasional allergic skin reactions.

Clinical Nutrition (5 decks)

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