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1 Adult Health 2 > Test 3 Adult Health > Flashcards

Test 3 Adult Health Flashcards

1
Q

Blood Drainage: Jackson Pratt bulb

A

Report to HCP with more than 100mL Bright red drainage

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2
Q

Normal signs with Mastectomy

A

Numbness
Lymph node swelling

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3
Q

Self-breast examination

A

Report to HCP when breast are red, warm, orange peel skin, hard painless swelling
Breast changes not related to menstrual cycle

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4
Q

Eye Cancer (Retinoblastoma)

A

Most common eye cancer in childhood <2
White pupil (Leukocoria)

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5
Q

Leukemia

A

Blood cells and bone marrow
Overproduction of WBCs
Low H/H, Low platelets

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6
Q

ALL, AML, CLL, CML

A

ALL: Pediatrics more common
Frequent infections, fatigue, bruising (petechiae), anorexia
Private room

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7
Q

Leukemia Diagnosis

A

Bone marrow biopsy

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8
Q

Non-H/Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

Hodgkin’s: Reed-Sternberg cells
Cause: Epstein Barr virus
Night sweats, painless bumps under arm

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9
Q

Ovarian Cancer

A

Bloating and pelvic pressure
Urinary urgency, frequency

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10
Q

Cervical Cancer

A

Cause: skin-to-skin contact (even with condom use)
Vaccine before sexual activity
Screening: Pap test every 3 years >21 years

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11
Q

Benign vs Malignant

A

BENign: Be Nice
MALignant: MALicious

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12
Q

Skin Lesions Screening

A

A: Asymmetry-irregular is bad
B: Border- irregularity
C: Color variation- black or dark
D: Diameter- over 6mm, size of coin
E: Evolving- changes in size, shape, or color
Causes: Immunosuppressant medications

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13
Q

Neutropenic Precautions Priority

A

Fever over 100.3F

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14
Q

Kidney filter out HUC

A

H: Hydrogen- Renal failure= High H+
U: Urea- BUN 7-18, protein waste
C: Creatinine-

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15
Q

Calcium Ca+

A

“Cocky”
9.0-10.5
Inverse relationship with phosphate
Hypo: positive trousseau’s/chvostek sign

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16
Q

Magnesium Mg+

A

“Magnum”
1.3-2.1
Hyper: decreased DTR w/depressed respirations
Hypo: torsades de pointes
Causes: crohns disease, celiac disease

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17
Q

Phosphate

A

“Frat boy”
3.0-4.5
Inverse relationship with calcium

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18
Q

Chloride

A

“4 eyed”
95-108
SAME AS SODIUM
only difference: has a fever w/Hypo

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19
Q

Potassium Hyper:

A

Hyper: High pumps, increased DTR, v fib, cardiac arrest, hypotension and bradycardia, muscular weakness, hyperactive bowel sounds, diarrhea
Causes: renal failure, low ALdosterone: A-adds sodium, L-loses potassium

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20
Q

Potassium Hypo:

A

Hypo: Low and slow pumps, shallow respirations, decreased DTR, constipation, paralytic ileus
Causes: Diarrhea, DKA, ALdosterone: A-adds sodium, L-loses potassium

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21
Q

Sodium Hyper:

A

Hyper: increased muscle tone, swollen dry tongue
Causes: low ADH: DI (dry inside), rapid respirations

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22
Q

Sodium Hypo:

A

Hypo: headache-cerebral edema
Causes: sweating, SIADH, low aldosterone

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23
Q

oliguria

A

low urine output

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24
Q

Hypertensive crisis

A

Headache
Nausea/vomiting
Change in mental status

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25
Q

Stage 4 CKD

A

29-15 GFR
every stage above goes by 30’s

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26
Q

Urinary incontinence

A

stress: urine spills out
neurogenic bladder: sudden urge to pee
Overflow/ retention: prostate cancer
VOID REGULARLY, KEEGAL EXERCISES

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27
Q

Med to shrink prostate cancer

A

FINasteRIDE
“painful to ride”
“have fun” to be “able to ride”

28
Q

Early signs of Increased ICP

A

Altered LOC: irritability, restless
Decreased Mental Status
sudden vomiting without nausea

29
Q

Late signs of Increased ICP

A

Irregular respirations
Nuchal rigidity
pupils fixed and dilated
Babinski reflex
Decorticate: arms flex toward core
Decerebrate: arms flexed out (WORSE)
Cushing triad

30
Q

GCS meaning

A

15: highest score
8: intubate
3: lowest score
REPORT DECREASING GCS

31
Q

ICP treatment

A

Phenytoin: prevents seizures
Steroids: dexamethasone
PhenoBARBITAL: barbituate decrease brain activity
Mannitol: osmotic diuretic

32
Q

Mannitol

A

Osmotic diuretic
side effects: edema and s/s of heart failure
Monitor urine output (hypernatremia)

33
Q

Autonomic Dysreflexia

A

Spinal above T6 with high BP (assess bladder)
s/s-Headache, profuse sweating (diaphoresis) : check urinary catheter for kinks

34
Q

Kernig sign

A

laying on back and straightening the leg, very painful in neck “kicks”

35
Q

Brudzinski sign

A

When neck flexes, hip and knee also flex “beach chair”

36
Q

Brain lobes

A

Frontal: FRONT OFFICE-speech, memory, movement
Occipital: sight
Temporal: TEMPO-hearing
Parietal: PURRietal cat- sensory touch
Cerebellum: cereBALANCE
Brain stem: controls HR and RR

37
Q

Sudden vomiting “emesis” without nausea

A

Early sign of increased ICP

38
Q

Ataxia

A

Difficulty walking

39
Q

Cerebral Perfusion Pressure

A

(70-100)MAP-ICP(5-15)
Blood pressure on brain
<50: ischemia (no oxygen)

40
Q

Spinal cord compression

A

Assess gait

41
Q

Retrosternal pain relieved when leaning forward

A

Cardiac tamponade

42
Q

Anaphylaxis what to assess?

A

MAP

43
Q

Pin point pupils

A

Damage to Pons
Drugs

43
Q

Homan’s sign

A

Used to determine DVT’s

44
Q

Any patient becoming unconscious acutely

A

Increased ICP

45
Q

Signs and symptoms of SIADH

A

Headache, vomiting, confusion

46
Q

Carsinogens

A

Black on food

47
Q

Proto-oncognes

A

Normal cell genes

48
Q

oncogenes

A

Mutation, tumor induced genes

49
Q

Nadir

A

Lowest blood cell count
When they start feeling better
Administer vaccine during nadir (7-10 days)

50
Q

Neutropenic Fever

A

Take temperature 3 times a day
100.5 critical level
Need to get antibiotics w/in one hour

51
Q

How many liters does it take for edema to be present?

A

3L

52
Q

Plasma osmolarity

A

280-295

53
Q

Isotonic IV fluid

A

250-375

54
Q

Levophed

A

First drug of choice for septic shock

55
Q

What electrolyte binds to citrate in blood transfusion?

A

Calcium

56
Q

Stage 2 CKD

A

60-90 Mild kidney damage
kidneys still work well

57
Q

Daily weights

A

Best indicator of fluid retention

58
Q

What medication can cause hypothyroidism?

A

Amiodarone: contains iodine and lithium which blocks hormone production

59
Q

Stages of AKI

A

Initiation:
Oliguric: Uremic symptoms appear, hyperkalemia may develop
Diuresis: Gradual increase in urine
Recovery: Improving renal function 3-12 months

60
Q

Completed hemodialysis and complains of headache, nausea, and extremely restless

A

Notify Health Care Provider
-Disequilibrium syndrome (rapid removal of solutes from body)

61
Q

Diagnostic test for Cancer

A

Tissue biopsy and bone marrow biobsy

62
Q

Nadir visit vaccine Taxol and carboplatin

A

Administer Injection: this is a killed virus (inactivated)
DO NOT NASAL SPRAY

63
Q

Vesicant

A

Causes blistering or tissue necrosis

64
Q

Irritant

A

Local inflammatory reaction but does not cause tissue necrosis

65
Q

Neutropenia treatment

A

Neulasta/Neupogen; prophylactic antibiotic

66
Q

Thrombocytopenia treatment

A

Platelet transfusion, steroids

1 Adult Health 2 (4 decks)

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