Test 3 Flashcards
Maintaining a stead-state internal environment, despite changing external environment, is called ____.
homeostasis
How is diabetes linked with homeostasis?
Diabetes results from the body not responding with a negative feedback to the level of glucose in the blood.
There are many organs and glands of the endocrine system, but which one is the master controller?
Hypothalamus
What are hormones?
They are chemicals transported in the blood and affect targeted cells throughout the body.
Which form of diabetes would require regular injections of insulin?
Type 1
Hormones are usually transported through _____ and affect only cells with _____.
blood vessels; specific receptors
Hormones regulate ____.
maturation
reproduction
growth
metabolism
Nonsteroid hormones are derived from _____.
amino acids
A cell that is affected by a particular steroid hormone would be expected to have _____.
a receptor inside the cell that binds the hormone
Which of the following has both endocrine and nonendocrine functions?
pancreas
Which of the following choices does NOT pair an endocrine gland or hormone with an aspect of metabolism that it regulates?
pituitary—-blood potassium levels
Which gland requires the element iodine to produce its hormones?
thyroid
_____ can be a symptom of hypothyroidism.
Goiter
Which of the following may be a consequence of excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone?
loss of calcium from the bone
Which of the following best describes the relatinship of insulin to glucagon?
they are atnagonistic hormones
When the concentration of glucose in the blood rises following the digestion of a meal, what is the hormonal response?
Insulin is released, but not glucagon
What is the metabolic abnormality that underlies the characteristic symptoms of diabetes mellitus, such as a frequent urination?
an inability of the body’s cells to absorb enough glucose from the blood