Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 102 > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name animal groups from least complex to most complex in the invertebrates.

A 
sponged
cnidarians
molluscs
flatworms
annelids
roundworms
arthropods
echinoderms
chordates
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the different groups of arthropods?

A 
arachnids
crustaceans
millipedes
centipedes
insects
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 5 groups of vertebrates?

A 
fish
amphibians
reptiles
birds
mammals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the different groups of mammals?

A

monotremes
marsupials
eutherians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the order of organs in order?

A 
mouth
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
anus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an incomplete digestive system?

A

gut with only one opening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a complete digestive system?

A

gut with two openings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

No ATP= ?

A

death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The First Law of Dynamics says what?

A

energy can not be created or destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The Second Law of Dynamics says what?

A

energy tends to flow from higher to lower concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ATP has a ____ phosphate group.

A

three

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is oxidation?

A

occurs when an atom or molecule LOSES an electron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is reduction?

A

occurs when an atom or molecule GAINS an electron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

energy= ?

A

electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is endergonic?

A

makes something bigger and stores energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is exergonic?

A

break a molecule into something smaller and release energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Fungi are made of bundles of threadlike ______.

A

hyphae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Nutritionally, all fungi are ____. How do they acquire nutrients?

A

heterotrophs, absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What causes fungi to switch from asexual reproduction to sexual?

A

an unstable enviroment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The function of a mushroom is to ____.

A

produce spores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What important role do fungi play in many ecosystems?

A

they decompose organic material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What animal group usually has an outer shell that is not joined?

A

molluscs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How do sponges differ from all other animals?

A

sponges lack true tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which of our 9 groups of animals does NOT contain invertibrates?

A

none of them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Which of the following is NOT an arthropod?

A

gastropod

26
Q

Unique features of vertebrates include the presence of a ______.

A

skull and backbone

27
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of all chordates?

A

They all have a notochord sometime during the life cycle

28
Q

Which group has segmented parts, a complete digestive tract, and includes earthworms?

A

annelids

29
Q

What type of symmetry does a jellyfish have?

A

radial

30
Q

Which group is cylindrical in shape, tapered at both ends, important decomposers, dangerous parasites in plants, and other animals, and are represented by nematodes and heart worms?

A

Roundworms

31
Q

Which group lacks segmentation, shows radial symmetry as adults but bilateral symmetry as larvae, and has an endoskeleton?

A

echinoderms

32
Q

If you don’t have ___, you will die.

A

ATP

33
Q

What is the original source of energy for all biological processes on Earth?

A

solar energy

34
Q

What is true for Oxidation-Reduction (redox) reactions?

A
  • reduction occurs when an atom or molecule gains an electron
  • oxidation occurs when an atom or molecule loses an electron
  • oxidation of glucose releases energy that is captured ultimately in the bonds of ATP
  • they always happen in pairs
35
Q

An example of an endergonic reaction is _______.

A

photosynthesis

36
Q

Where do the reactions of cellular respiration occur int he cells of eukaryotes?

A

cytoplasm and mitochondria

37
Q

What is true about chlorophyll II?

A
  • it captures light energy
  • it is located in the photosystems of the thylakoid membrane
  • it reflects green light
  • absorbs red and violet lights
38
Q

What is one thing we cannot do to energy?

A

destroy it or make it

39
Q

How does ATP release energy that can be used by living cell?

A

by breaking a bond within an ATP molecule

40
Q

What is a waste product of photosynthesis?

A

O2

41
Q

How do we know green light is not absorbed by chlorophyll II?

A

green light is the wavelength of light that is reflected instead of absorbed by the chloroplasts

42
Q

Cellular respiration is _____________.

A
  • a cellular pathway for the production of ATP
  • is a step-by-step breakdown of the chemical bonds of glucose
  • use redox reactions
  • used by both plants and animals
43
Q

What best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and aerobic cellular respiration?

A

photosynthesis stores chemical energy in the chemical bonds of glucose and other biological molecules whereas aerobic cellular respiration releases it.

44
Q

What is not true about a one molecule of glucose in cellular respiration?

A

produces many NADPH as electron carriers

45
Q

The main purpose of chemical digestion is to ________.

A

break carbohydrates into disaccharides and then into monosaccharides

46
Q

What speeds the passage of food through the stomach?

A

the greater the number of monosaccharides in the stomach wall that are activated

47
Q

chyme is formed in the _____.

A

stomach

48
Q

what feature of the small intestine is an adaptation to help its function of absorption?

A

increased surface area created by the villi (mucosal folds)

49
Q

Bile from the liver is stored in the _______ before entering the intestine.

A

gallbladder

50
Q

What is the correct sequence of steps describing how solar energy is converted to the energy in ATP?

A
  • photosynthesis converts solar energy into the chemical energy of biological molecules
  • digestion breaks down biological molecules into their monomer components
  • aerobic cellular respiration converts the chemical energy in monomers to the chemical energy in ATP
  • cells utilize the energy stored in ATP to drive cellular processes that require energy
51
Q

Which of the following are functions of the cardiovascular system?

A
  • transporting oxygen
  • transporting carbon dioxide
  • transporting monomers of carbs, proteins, and lipids
  • transporting hormones
52
Q

the human circulatory system is a closed system consisting of two main circuit, the systematic circuit and the ______ circuit?

A

pulmonary

53
Q

nutrients in the blood are exchanged between by which vessels?

A

capillaries

54
Q

trans fats include the following lipids:

A

solid Crisco, margarine

55
Q

in measuring blood pressure, diastolic pressure is:

A

when the ventricles are relaxed, lowest arterial pressure, bottom number of blood pressure reading

56
Q

LDL proteins are:

A
  • low density lipoproteins
  • bad cholesterol carriers
  • transport cholesterol to body cells
  • can cause heart attack, angina, and stroke
57
Q

what monomer is absorbed by the lymphatic system before being transported into the blood stream?

A

fatty acids (from lipids)

58
Q

BONUS: Which of the following is a result of glycolysis?

A

conversion of NAD+ to NADH

59
Q

The cells of fungi are made of what substance?

A

chitin

60
Q

Name an animal group that has an incomplete digestive system.

A

flatworms

61
Q

which group would the following organism fall into: one that has hair and mammary glands.

A

mammals

Biology 102 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions