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Biology 2 > TEST 3 > Flashcards

TEST 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

ANimals share what 4 characters?

A
  1. multicellular eukaryotes
  2. heterotrophic
  3. collagen support
  4. Hox genes
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2
Q

How do diploblastic and triploblastic differ?

A

diplo contains only 2 germ layers (no mesoderm) while triplo contains 3 germ layers

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3
Q

Porifera lack true tissue T or F?

A

True

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4
Q

what does the ectoderm do/turn into

A

covers outermost layer, turns into the Nervous system/epidermis

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5
Q

what does the endoderm do/turn into

A

innermost layer, gives rise to the digestive tract

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6
Q

what does the mesoderm do/turn into

A

middle layer, gives rise to muscle layer

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7
Q

What are 3 functions of coeloms?

A
  1. cushions internal organs (protects)
  2. allows a structure for muscles to work
  3. enables internal organs to grow and move ind.
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8
Q

Eumetazoa is characterized by what?

A

True tissue

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9
Q

What is unique to Cnidaria

A

Stinging structures, nematocytes/cnidocytes

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10
Q

What phyla are under bilatera?

A

platyhelminthes, Mollusca, Annelida, nematoda, Anthropoda, echinodermata, chordata

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11
Q

what phyla are ecdysoza?

A

nematoda, anthropoda

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12
Q

What are examlpes of platyhelminthes?

A

flatworms

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13
Q

how are mollusca and annelida different?

A

Mollusca have a soft unsegmented body while annelida has a segmented body (segmented worms)

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14
Q

what is ecdyis?

A

molting of outer cuticle

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15
Q

what is Anthropoda defined by?

A

jointed appendages

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16
Q

what phyla(s) are diploblastic

A

cnidaria

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17
Q

what is a lophophore?

and where is it found

A

fan like feeding structure

found in lophotrochozoa

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18
Q

what is a trochozoa?

A

found in mollusca and annelida

is a ciliated larvae

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19
Q

what are 4 synapomorphies of chordata?

A

Notochord
dorsal, hollow nerve cord
Pharyngeal slits
post anal tail

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20
Q

which snap of chordata turnd into the Nervous system

A

the Dorsal, hollow nerve cord

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21
Q

what are the 2 subphyla of Chordata that are not vertebrates

A

Cephalochordata

urochordata

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22
Q

what is an example of cephalochordata?

A

lancelets

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23
Q

what is an example of urochordata

A

tunicates (sea squirts)

24
Q

Urochordata have _____ larvae and ____ adults

A

motile, sessile

25
Q

What is Agnatha

A

Jawless fish (hagfish and lampreys)

26
Q

what are Gnathostomes

A

vertebrates with jaws

27
Q

what phyla has radial symmetry

A

cnidaria

28
Q

how do protostomes develop

A

spiral cleavage/mesoderm splits/Mouth develops first

29
Q

how do dueterostomes develop

A

radial cleavage/folds of archenteron/Anus develops first

30
Q

what pyhla are protostomes?

A

platyhelminthes, annelida, mollusca, anthropoda, nematoda

31
Q

what type of genes determine body plan in animals

A

hox genes

32
Q

how does the water vascular system in echinodermata work?

A

network of canals branch in extensions called feet that function in locomotion

33
Q

What is the notochord?

A 
flexible rod (kinda like a vertabrae)
provides skeletal support
34
Q

what does the dorsal hollow nerve cord do

A

develops from ectoderm/develops into CNS

35
Q

defining characters of chondricthes

A

cartilage skeleton and oily liver

36
Q

how do actinopterygii and sarcopterygii differ?

A

act. doesnt have bones in the fins, just the fins are supported by ray bones

37
Q

what is a tetrapod

A

4 feet

38
Q

why is the amniotic egg important for terrestrial animals

A

it allowed animals to lay eggs on land instead of water, also allowing animals to become less dependent on water habitats

39
Q

what is the main derived trait of tetra pods

A

lobe fins (have bones in them)

40
Q

what is the relationship between kertinzed scales and feather?

A

feathers came from scales

41
Q

what role did feathers play in ancestral birds (that didnt fly at first)

A
  1. insulation
  2. camouflouge
  3. courtship display
42
Q

what is a synap of both animals and choanoflagellates

A

collagen protein, heterotrophic

43
Q

Sea urchins fall under what phyla?

A

echinodermata

44
Q

Sea urchins fall under what phyla?

A

echinodermata

45
Q

do hagfish and lampreys possess a backbone?

A

No

46
Q

what are atlest 4 derived characters of vertebrates

A
  1. 2 sets of hox genes
  2. skull, brain, eyes, sensory organs
  3. closed circulatory system
  4. vertebral colum protects nerve chord
  5. new genes associated with N.S./skeleton
  6. more efficient gas exchange
47
Q

how do fish gain buoyancy compared to sharks>

A

sharks have a oily liver (very large)

fish have a swim bladder

48
Q

what are derived characters of tetrapods

A

4 feet with digits

head seperated from body by the neck

49
Q

Amphibians usually live first in water and then on land Tor F?

A

True

50
Q

Do amniotes contain reptiles?

A

yes

51
Q

how do amphibians reproduce

A

external fert

52
Q

Mammals are amniotes that have ____ and produce ____

A

hair, milk

53
Q

what are thw 3 major lineages of mammals

A

monotremes, marsupials, eutherions

54
Q

Amniotes include what two phyla

A

mammals and reptiles

55
Q

birds and crocodillians are what?

A

sister taxa

56
Q

what are bird synaps

A

feathers, endothermic, 4 chambered heart, flight adaps

Biology 2 (5 decks)

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