Test 3 Flashcards
Elbow flexor & forearm supinator
Biceps
Elbow extensor
Triceps
Brachialis origin?
Lower ½ of anterior humerus
Brachialis insertion?
•Coronoid of ulna
Brachialis action?
Flexion (H/U)
Brachialis innervation?
Musculocutaneous
Brachioradialis origin?
Upper 2/3 of humerus
Brachioradialis insertion?
Styloid of radius
Brachioradialis action?
Elbow flexion (H/U)
Brachioradialis innervation?
Radial
Anconeus origin?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Anconeus insertion?
Olecranon process & ulna
Anconeus action?
Elbow extension (H/U)
Anconeus innervation?
Radial
Pronator Teres origin?
Medial epicondyle of humerus &coronoid process of ulna
Pronator Teres insertion?
Middle, lateral surface of radius
Pronator teres action?
Pronation (R/U)
Pronator teres innervation?
Median
Pronator Quadratus origin?
Medial, anterior surface of distal ulna
Pronator Quadratus insertion?
Lateral, Anterior surface of distal radius
Pronator Quadratus action?
Pronation (R/U)
Pronator Quadratus innervation?
Median
Supinator origin?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Supinator action?
Supination (R/U)
Supinator insertion
Anterior, lateral surface of upper radius
Supinator innervation
Radial
2nd-5th Metacarpophalangeal Joints actions?
Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction
2nd-5th Proximal& Distal Interphalangeal actions?
Flexion & extension?
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus origin?
Lateral supracondylar ridge
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus insertion?
Base of 2ND MC
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus action?
Extension (R/C)
•Radial deviation (R/C)
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Innervation?
Radial
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis origin?
Lateral epicondyle
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis insertion?
Base of 3rd mc
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis action?
Extension (R/C)
•Radial deviation (R/C)
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis innervation?
Radial
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris origin?
Lateral epicondyle
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris insertion?
Base of 5TH MC
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris action?
Extension (R/C)
•Ulnar deviation (R/C)
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris innervation?
Radial
Extensor Digitorum origin?
Lateral epicondyle
Extensor Digitorum insertion?
Bases of middle & distal phalanges of 2nd -5th
Extensor Digitorum action?
Extension of 2nd- 5th phalanges (MCP, PIP, DIP)
Extensor Digitorum innervation?
Radial
Extensor Indicis origin?
Post. surface of distal ulna
•Interosseous membrane
Extensor Indicis insertion?
Extensor digitorum tendon of 2ND MC
Extensor Indicis action?
Extension of 2nd finger (MCP)
Extensor Indicis innervation?
Radial
Extensor Digiti Minimi origin?
Lateral epicondyle
Extensor Digiti Minimi insertion?
Base of the proximal phalanx of 5th finger
Extensor Digiti Minimi action?
Extension of 5th finger
Extensor Digiti Minimi innervation?
•Posterior interosseous
Flexor Carpi Radialis origin?
Medial Epicondyle
Flexor Carpi Radialis insertion?
Bases 2nd & 3rd MCP
Flexor Carpi Radialis action?
Flexion (R/C)
•Radial deviation (R/C)
Flexor Carpi Radialis innervation
Median
Palmaris Longus origin?
Medial epicondyle
Palmaris Longus insertion?
Flexor retinaculum & palmar aponeurosis
Palmaris Longus action?
Flexion (r/c)
Palmaris Longus innervation?
Median
Absent in ~15% of population
Flexor Carpi Ulnari origin?
Medial Epicondyle
•Posterior, upper ulna
Flexor Carpi Ulnari insertion,
Pisiform
•Hook of hamate
•Base of 5th metacarpal
Flexor Carpi Ulnari action?
Flexion (R/C)
•Ulnar deviation (R/C
Flexor Carpi Ulnari innervation?
Ulnar
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis origin?
Medial epicondyle
•Coronoid process
•Upper radius
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis insertion?
Middle phalanges of 2nd-5th fingers
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis action?
Flexion of 2nd-5th fingers (MCP & PIP)
Flexor Digitorum Profundus origin?
Medial, upper ulna
Flexor Digitorum Profundus insertion
Base of distal phalanges 2-5
Flexor Digitorum Profundus action
Flexion of 2nd-5th fingers (MCP, PIP, DIP)
•Flexion (R/C)
Flexor Digitorum Profundus innervation?
1st/2nd : Median
•3rd/4th: Ulnar
Abductor Pollicis Longus origin?
Posterior surface of RADIUS and
ULNA, and Interosseous membrane
Abductor Pollicis Longus insertion
Base of 1st metacarpal
Abductor Pollicis Longus action
ABDUCTS Thumb
EXTENDS Thumb
ABDUCTS Wrist
Abductor Pollicis Longus innervation
Radial
Extensor Pollicis Longus origin?
Posterior Surface of ULNA and Interosseous membrane
Extensor Pollicis Longus insertion
Base of DISTAL PHALANX of thumb
Extensor Pollicis Longus action
EXTENDS Thumb @ DIP
ABDUCTS Wrist
Extensor Pollicis Longus innervation
Radial
Extensor Pollicis Brevis origin
Posterior Surface of RADIUS and Interosseous membrane
Extensor Pollicis Brevis insertion
Base of PROXIMAL PHALANX of thumb
Extensor Pollicis Brevis action
EXTENDS Thumb @ CMC & MCP
ABDUCTS Wrist
Extensor Pollicis Brevis innervation
Radial
Flexor Pollicis Longus origin
Anterior Surface of RADIUS and interosseous membrane
Flexor Pollicis Longus insertion
Base of DISTAL PHALANX of thumb
Flexor Pollicis Longus action
FLEXES Thumb @ DIP
FLEXES Thumb @ CMC & MCP
Assists to flex the wrist
Flexor Pollicis Longus innervation
Median
Abductor Pollicis Brevis origin?
Flexor retinaculum
Trapezium
scaphoid
Abductor Pollicis Brevis insertion?
Base of PROXIMAL PHALANX of Thumb
Abductor Pollicis Brevis action?
ABDUCTS Thumb @ CMC & MCP
Assists in opposition
Abductor Pollicis Brevis innervation?
Median
Flexor Pollicis breves origin?
Flexor Retinaculum (superficial head)
Trapezium,
Trapezoid and
Capitate (deep head)
Opponens Pollicis origin?
Flexor Retinaculum & Trapezium
Opponens Pollicis insertion?
1st mc
Opponens Pollicis action?
Pollex opposition
Opponens Pollicis innervation?
Median
Adductor Pollicis origin?
Capitate
2nd & 3rd MC
Adductor Pollicis insertion?
Base of proximal phalanx of pollex
Adductor Pollicis action
Pollex addiction
Adductor Pollicis innervation?
Ulnar
Lumbricals origin
Surface of Flex Dig Pro tendons
Lumbricals Insertion
Extensor Aponeurosis on dorsal surface of phalanges
Lumbricals action
Extend 2nd – 5th DIPS and PIPS
Flex 2nd – 5th MCPs
Lumbricals innervation
Median (2-3) and Ulnar (4-5)
Dorsal Interrosei origin
Adjacent sides of all MCs
Dorsal Interrosei insertion
Base of prox phalanx 2nd – 4th
Dorsal Interrosei action?
Abduction
Dorsal Interrosei innervation
Ulnar
Palmer Interrosei origin
Base of MCs 1,2,4,5
Palmer Interrosei insertion
Base of prox phalanx of related digit
Palmer Interrosei action
Adduction
Palmer Interrosei innervation
Ulnar
UCL injury in overhead throwers
•Repetitive microtrauma
•Leads to rupture of the ligament
•Ulnar nerve ‘snapping’ over epicondyle
UCL injury
Strong, triangular shaped ligament
•Runs from the medical epicondyle of the humerus → coronoid process of the ulna and olecranon process
Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL)
First surgery performed 1974 by Dr. Frank Jobe
•Dodgers pitcher Tommy John – missed 1 year of baseball for rehab
•Tendon grafted from forearm or leg and attached via ‘figure 8’
Tommy John Surgery
Named after French urologist (1861)
•4cm long
•Depression between pisiform and hook of the hamate
•Roof formed by pisohamate ligament
•Prolongataion of FCU/part of origin for Abd Dig Min
Tunnel of Guyon
Ulnar neuropathy aka handlebar palsy •Nerve becomes compressed in tunnel of Guyon due to •Hyperextension of wrist •Compression of wrist •More common in long distance rides
Cyclers palsy
Injury to the UCL of the MCP joint of the thumb
More commonly seen in skiers currently
•Landing on ski pole causing valgus force on abducted MCP
Gamekeepers Thumb or Skiers thumb
Fracture of the distal end of the forearm – radius bent backwards
•Caused by falling onto hard surface (FOOSH)
•Can cause a ‘dinner fork’ deformity
Colles fracture
Reverse Colles’ fracture
•Distal radius
•Direct blow to forearm or falling onto flexed wrist
•Distal fracture displaced anteriorly
Smith fracture
2nd most common joint dislocation
•Posterolateral is most common
•Nursemaid elbow in toddlers
Dislocated elbow