test 3

Question 1

Sensorimotor activity and what it gives way to in early childhood

Answer 1

mental representation

Question 2

what is prominent in preoperational stage

Answer 2

egocentric thinking

Question 3

when is private speech most used?

Answer 3

moderately challenging tasks

Question 4

psychological control

Answer 4

manipulating child through guilt and withdrawal

Question 5

development of make believe

Answer 5

1) play detaches from real life
2) play becomes less self centered
3) play includes more complex combinations of schemes

Question 6

the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities

Answer 6

animistic thinking

Question 7

the idea that certain physical characteristics of objects remain the same, even when their outward appearance changes

Answer 7

conservation

Question 8

centration

Answer 8

children focus on one aspect of a situation, neglecting other important features

Question 9

scaffolding

Answer 9

adjusting the support offered during a teaching session to fit the child’s current level of performance

Question 10

zone of proximal development

Answer 10

within the child’s range of mastery

Question 11

children who use private speech

Answer 11

are more attentive and involved and show better task performance

Question 12

parent elicits the child’s autobiographical memory by following the child’s lead, asking varied questions, adding information to the child’s statements, and volunteer their own recollections.

Answer 12

elaborative style

Question 13

asking questions providing little information and asking the same thing over and over again

Answer 13

repetitive style

Question 14

children rely on word meanings to figure out grammatical rules

Answer 14

semantic bootstrapping

Question 15

learning word meanings by how it is used in a sentence

Answer 15

syntactic bootstrapping

Question 16

hierarchical classification

Answer 16

organization of objects into classes and subclasses on the basis of similarities and differences

Question 17

the assumption that words refer to entirely separate and non overlapping categories

Answer 17

mutual exclusivity bias

Question 18

focusing on several aspects of a problem and relating them, rather than centering on just one

Answer 18

decentraton

Question 19

deficiency in concrete operatoinal stage

Answer 19

unable to think abstractly

Question 20

neo-Piagetian’s

Answer 20

believe that the development of operational thinking is due to improvements in the child’s ability to process information and is more in line with a continuous theory than a stage theory

Question 21

shortcoming of componetial IQ analysis

Answer 21

regards intelligence as entirely due to causes within the child

Question 22

three components of Sternberg’s triarchic theory

Answer 22

Anayltical (componential), creative(experiential), and practical (Contextual) intelligence

Question 23

greatest predictor of intelligence

Answer 23

flexible attention

Question 24

ericson’s stage for preschoolers

Answer 24

initiative vs guilt

Question 25

black children adopted into well off white families

Answer 25

have greatly improved iq scores

Question 26

iq’s increase from one generation to the next

Answer 26

the Flynn effect

Question 27

stress contributes to weight gain by making one

Answer 27

insulin resistant

Question 28

authoritative style

Answer 28

most successful, hight acceptance and involvement, adaptive control techiques, appropriate autonomy granting

Question 29

authoritarian

Answer 29

low acceptance and involvement, high coercive control, low autonomy granting

Question 30

permissive

Answer 30

high acceptance, low involvement, engage in little control

Question 31

univolved

Answer 31

low acceptance, low involvement, neglectful

Question 32

kohlberg’s first level of moral development

Answer 32

pre-conventional: based on individual’s interests

1) follow rules to avoid punishment
2) obedience occurs due to rewards received

Question 33

Gilligan’s moral development

Answer 33

men: view morality in broad principles
women: relational morality based on self sacrifice

Question 34

Gilligan: women develop their identities through

Answer 34

through relationships

Question 35

Catell’s theory

Answer 35

crystalized intelligence: information, skills, and strategies that can be used in problem solving
fluid intelligence: information processing abilities, memory and reasoning

Question 36

to form a positive self concept

Answer 36

a warm, sensitive parent-child relationsip is needed

Question 37

self concept

Answer 37

how an individual difines who they are

Question 38

theory of mind

Answer 38

how we attribute mental states to ourselves and others

Question 39

traditional classroom

Answer 39

teacher sole authority for knowledge, rules, and decision making, and does most of the talking

Question 40

constructivist classroom

Answer 40

students construct their own knowledge.

Question 41

best interventions for obesity

Answer 41

are family based and focus on changing behaviors

Question 42

wetting the bed

Answer 42

enuresis

Question 43

treatment for wetting the bed

Answer 43

synthetic hormones can be used to balance hormonal levels; urine alarm that wakes child at first sign of dampness

Question 44

criticism of Ericson’s theory

Answer 44

used only men

Question 45

spearman’s G

Answer 45

intelligence is an underlying factor that underlies everything a person does