Test #3 Flashcards
0
Q
The hypothalamus produces what?
A
Oxytocin
1
Q
Growth of the ovarian follicle occurs because of
A
FSH
2
Q
The posterior pituitary gland serves as a storage and releases site for…
A
Anti diuretic and oxytocin
3
Q
Parathyroid hormones do what?
A
Helps regulate calcium in the body
4
Q
What depends on maintaining normal levels of calcium in the blood?
A
Blood clotting
Cell membrane permeability
Neuromuscular excitability
5
Q
The adrenal medulla secretes
A
Epinephrine
6
Q
What is the function of glucagon
A
Tends to increase blood glucose concentrations
7
Q
What is the function of insulin?
A
Tends to lower blood concentration of glucose, amino acids and fatty acids
Promotes, metabolism of glucose by tissue cells
Is produced by beta cells
8
Q
The major hormone produced by the corpus luteum is
A
Progesterone
9
Q
Human chorionic gonadotropin is produced by the
A
Placenta
10
Q
Thymosin is a hormone that plays a role in
A
Immunity
11
Q
What hormone contains four atoms of iodine
A
Thyroxine
12
Q
The pineal gland secretes
A
Melatonin
13
Q
This hormone stimulates other endocrine glands to grow or secrete their hormone
A
Tropic hormone
14
Q
These have receptor sites for specific hormone
A
Target cells
15
Q
Hormones that move into the cells and bind with receptors In the nucleus
A
Steroid hormone
16
Q
Hormones that require second messenger to cause a response in the cells
A
Non steroid hormone
17
Q
These act as “ local hormones”
A
Prostaglandin
18
Q
Secreted by the corpus luteum
A
Progesterone
19
Q
Stimulates the release of glucocorticoids and mineralcorticoids
A
Anderncorticotropic hormone
20
Q
Promotes growth
A
Somatotropin
21
Q
Stimulates development of ovarian follicle
A
Follicle stimulating hormone
22
Q
Causes water retention
A
Antidiuretic hormone
23
Q
Causes muscle contraction of the uterus
A
Oxytocin
24
Stimulates the secretion of milk from the breast
Lactogenic hormone
25
Calcium regulating hormone that is made in the thyroid gland
Calcitonin
26
The only important mineralocorticoid hormone in humans
Aldosterone
27
Hormone that is produced by the alpha cells of the pancrease
Glucagon
28
Hormones that contains either three or four iodine atoms
Thyroid hormone
29
Hormones that cause an increase in blood calcium levels
Parathyroid hormone
30
Hormones that lower the concentration of glucose in blood
Insulin
31
Hormones that is made by fetal tissue component of the placenta
Human chorionic gonadotropin
32
Hormone that is chief glucocorticoid released by the adrenal gland
Cortisol
33
```
Which of the following is not one of the main chemical classes of neurotransmitters?
Triglycerides
Amines
Amino acids
Neuropeptides
```
Triglycerides
34
Serotonin is an example of an ....
Amine neurotransmitter
35
A lack of this/ these neurotransmitters in the basal ganglia is/are associated with Parkinson's disease
Dopamine
36
Interneurons reside in the
CNS only
37
White matter of the CNS consists of
Myelinated nerve fibres
38
Astrocytes attach to
Neurons and blood vessels
39
One of the components of the blood brain barrier is
Astrocytes
40
What statement does not apply to ependymal cells?
They form the sheets of cells that line fluid filled cavities in the brain
They make up part of the blood brain barrier
They produce fluid that fills the cavities in the brain
They have cilia to move fluid in the brain
They make up the blood brain barrier
41
The fastest nerve fibres in the body can conduct an impulse that is how much faster than the slowest fibres in the body
Almost 300 times faster
42
Preparing the body for flight or fight describes the function of the
Sympathetic NS
43
Have the capability of phagocytes
Microgila
44
Help form the blood brain barrier
Astrocytes
45
Type of neuroglia that forms neurilemma
Schwann cell
46
Resemble epithelial cells and line fluid filled cavities in the brain and spinal cord
Ependymal cells
47
Produce the myelin sheath around nerve fibres in the CNS
Oligodendrocytes
48
Consists of the brain and spinal cord
CNS
49
Consists of nerves that lie periphery of the nervous system
PNS
50
Consists of all incoming sensory pathways
Afferent division
51
Fight or flight response
Sympathetic division
52
Subdivision that carries info from the CNS to skeletal muscle
Somatic nervous system
53
Subdivision of the efferent division that transmits info to smooth muscle , cardiac muscle and glands
Autonomic nervous system
54
Consists of all outgoing motor pathways
Efferent division
55
Sometimes called the rest and repair division
Parasympathetic division
56
Dendrites carry impulses to this structure and axons carry impulses away from this structure
Cell body
57
Typically this is a branching part of the neuron
Dendrite
58
These neurones have one axon and one highly branched dendrite
Bipolar neuron
59
There neurones have one axon but many dendrites
Multipolar neuron
60
Single long extension of a neuron
Axon
61
These are at the end of the neuron and contain vesicles that contain neurotransmitters
Synaptic knob
62
Axons usually extend from this tapered portion of the cell body
Hillock
63
Type of synapse that occur when two cells are joined by a gap junction
Electrical synapse
64
Space between the presynaptic and postsynaptic cells
Synaptic cleft
65
Tiny bulge at the end of a presynaptic cleft
Synaptic knob
66
Cells that release the neurotransmitter
Presynaptic cell
67
Chemical that carries a nerve impulse across the synaptic cleft
Neurotransmitter
68
Type of cell that could be a neuron or a muscle cell
Postsynaptic cell
69
Type of synapse in which the signal from the presynaptic to postsynaptic cell is carried by the neurotransmitter
Chemical synapses
70
The somatic sense enable us to detect sensation such as
Pain touch temp
71
Intense stimuli of any type that results in tissue damage will activate
Nociceptors
72
Chemoreceptors are most likely to be activated by
Noxious odours
73
```
Free nerve ending response to all of the following except
Tickling
Itching
Strength of muscle contraction
Pain
```
Strength of muscle contraction.
74
Which of the following receptors are the most common and widely distributed receptors
Free nerve ending
75
The olfactory tract carries impulses associated with
Smell
76
Both olfactory receptors and taste buds are
Chemoreceptors
77
The auditory ossicle include the
Malleus
Incus
Stapes
78
The organ of Corti is located in the
Cochlear duct
79
Movement of hair cells in the organ of Corti against the _____ membrane can stimulate nerve impulse condition
Tectorial
80
The tympanic membrane ...
Is at the end of the external auditory meatus
81
Impulses are transmitted from the inner eat to the brainstorm by way of the
Cochlear nerve
82
The sense organs responsible for static equilibrium are located In The
Utricle and saccule
83
The function of the lacrimal apparatus is to
Secrete tears
84
Which of the following is not one of the things that must happen for near vision to occur
Contraction of the superior rectus muscle
85
Baroreceptors are what type of receptors
Mechanoreceptors
86
The accessory organs of the male reproductive system include
Vasa deferentia
Urethra
Testes
87
Which is not true regarding the male reproductive system
Each testis is 4-5 cm long
Each testis weighs about 10-15 grams
They are surrounded by a tough fibrous capsule called the rete testis
They are surrounded
88
The efferent ductules
Drain the rete testis
89
Which structure divides the testes into lobules
Tunica albuginea
90
The dense white fibrous capsule that encases each testis is called the
Tunica albuginea
91
In make LH
Stimulates the interstitial cells to increase their secretion of testosterone
92
The tightly coiled tube of epididymis measures
L
93
Mechanical support and protection for developing germ cell in the testis are produced by the
Sertoil cells
94
```
Each of the following is a duct in the male reproductive system except
Vas deferens
Urethra
Epididymis
Inguinal canal
```
Inguinal canal
95
The male gland that secretes a fructose sugar used as energy source for sperm is the
Seminal vesicle
96
Which of the following statements is not true about the fluid produced by the seminal vesicles
It contains prostaglandin
It is alkaline and viscous
It contains glucose as an energy source for sperm cells
It contains glucose as an energy source for sperm cells
97
Functional sterility results when sperm count per millilitre falls below which number
25 million
98
The male perineum extends from the pubis anteriorly to what structure posteriorly
Coccyx
99
What reproductive duct is divided into the head body and tail
Epididymis
100
What reproductive duct has a tick muscular walls and can be palpated in the scrotal sac as a smooth movable cord
Vas deferens
101
The function of the acrosome is
To release an enzyme to break down the cervical mucus
102
The head of the sperm is called
Has 23 chromosomes
103
Tightly coiled tube shaped roughly like a comma, in which sperm mature and develop for one to three weeks
Epididymis
104
Male sex hormone that produced by interstitial cells in the testes
Testosterone
105
Gland located below the bladder; secretion from this gland helps activate sperm and helps them maintain motility
Prostate
106
Elongated cells to which spermatids become attached. Also called Sertoli cells
sustentacular cells
107
A dense white fibrous capsule that encases each testis and divides the testes into lobules
Tunica albuginea
108
Another name for Cowper gland
Bulbourethral
109
Male gonads
Testes
110
Structure is made up of three cylindrical masses of erectile tissue; contains the urethra
Penis
111
Hormone that inhibits the production of FSH
Inhibin
112
Skin covered pouch containing the testes
Scrotum
113
The male reproductive cell
Spermatozoon
114
The scrotum and penis reproductive organs
External genitalia
115
Production of sperm cells
Spermatogenesis
116
```
Which of the following is not an accessory sex organ of the female reproductive system
Ovary
Vagina
Fallopian tube
Mammary gland
```
Ovary
117
Which of the following structures are considered the external reproductive organs of the female
Vulva
Uterine tubes
Vagina
Vulva and vagina
118
The layer that is incomplete because it covers none of the cervix and only perfect body is called
Parietal peritoneum
119
```
Which of the following is not a division of the uterine tubes?
Isthmus
Fundus
Ampulla
Infundibulum
```
Fundus
120
The funnel shaped open-ended portion of the oviduct is called
Infundibulum
121
```
It to the following structures as part of the Vulva except
Mons pubis
Labia majora
Perineum
Clitoris
```
Perineum
122
The greater vestibular glands are also called
Bartholin gland
123
Salpingitis Is inflammation of the
Fallopian tubes
124
The division of the uterine tube that has an outer margi that resembles a fringe is called the
Infundibulum
125
The structure appears in the final stage in the process of ovarian follicle development
Corpus albicans
126
Which of the following is not sure about the vagina?
We can act as a receptacle for a seminal fluid from the male
It serves as the lower part of the birth canal
Is it it is a passageway for urine
It acts as an excretory duct for uterine secretions
It is a passageway for urine
127
The phase of the menstrual cycle that occurs between expulsion of the ovum and the onset of menses is the
Luteal phase
128
The hormone that causes the follicle to rupture and the egg to be expelled is
Luteinizing hormone
129
```
Which of the following is not a synonym for the premenstrual phase?
Post Ovulation phase
Luteal phase
Secretory phase
Estrogen phase
```
Estrogen phase
130
What is the name of the so-called ovulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone
131
Shortly before menstruation
Blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease
132
Which of the following does not contribute to the increase in the thickness of the endometrium during the endometrial Growth of the endometrium
Fluid retention in the endometrium
Endometrium growth
All of the above
133
Which of the following organs is not considered part of the duct system of the female reproductive system
Vagina
Uterine tubes
Uterus
All of the above are considered part of the duct system
All of the above
134
Which of the following structures is not in the urogenital of the perineum
Cervix
Labia
Urinary opening
Cervix
135
```
Which of the following is not a function of the ovary
It produces estrogen
It produces ova
It produces follicle-stimulating hormone
All of the above
```
It produces follicle-stimulating hormone
136
Which hormone is not secreted by the corpus lets im
Inhibit
137
External genitalia in the female
Vulva
138
Accessory organs of the reproduction in the female hollow muscular organ in which a fertilized egg implants and develops
Uterus
139
Monthly shedding of the outer layer of the endometrium
Menstruation
140
Innermost lining of the uterus a mucous membrane
Endometrium
141
One of a pair of tubes that conduct ova from the ovary to the uterus called the fallopian tube
Uterine tube
142
The yellow body for granulose fills with antrum of the egg follicle
Corpus luteum
143
A thick middle layer of the uterus composed of smooth muscle
Myometrium
144
A 3 inch long tube that is situated between the rectum and the urethra and bladder
Vagina
145
Essential organ of reproduction in the female produces ova
Ovary
146
Secretion of milk for nourishment of newborn infant
Lactation
147
Release of ovum into pelvic cavity
Ovulation
148
Permanent termination of the menstrual cycle activity
Menopause
149
Helps maintain proper conditions for pregnancy
Progesterone
150
Stimulate the development of female sex Characteristics
Estrogen
151
Triggers ovulation and promotes the development of corpus luteum
LH
152
Promotes the development of ovarian follicle
FSH
153
Hormone that stimulates the secretion of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary gland
GnRH
154
Stimulates the secretion of estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy
Human chorionic gonadotropin
155
Inhibits uterine contractions during pregnancy and soften pelvic joints to facilitate childbirth
Relaxin
156
Prevents the production of FSH in anterior pituitary gland
Inhibin
157
The second stage of labor is
The process of explanation of the placenta through the vagina
158
In most cases stages to a labor last from
6-24 hours
159
Identical twins result from
The splitting of the embryonic tissue from the same zygote early in developments
The intercell mass divided into two masses during the blastocyte stage of development
160
The first stage of labor is
. From the onset of contractions until dilation of the cervix is complete
161
If a creature has 36 chromosomes and it's normal body cells it's gametes would contain
18 chromosomes
162
If the creature has 36 chromosomes in his normal body so the zygote of the creature would contain
36 chromosomes
163
Only about what percent of sperm deposit in the female reproductive tract actually reaches the ovum
Less than 0.1%
164
A term used for fertilize ovum is
Zygote
