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A & P > Test #3 > Flashcards

Test #3 Flashcards

0
Q

The hypothalamus produces what?

A

Oxytocin

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1
Q

Growth of the ovarian follicle occurs because of

A

FSH

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2
Q

The posterior pituitary gland serves as a storage and releases site for…

A

Anti diuretic and oxytocin

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3
Q

Parathyroid hormones do what?

A

Helps regulate calcium in the body

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4
Q

What depends on maintaining normal levels of calcium in the blood?

A

Blood clotting
Cell membrane permeability
Neuromuscular excitability

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5
Q

The adrenal medulla secretes

A

Epinephrine

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6
Q

What is the function of glucagon

A

Tends to increase blood glucose concentrations

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7
Q

What is the function of insulin?

A

Tends to lower blood concentration of glucose, amino acids and fatty acids
Promotes, metabolism of glucose by tissue cells
Is produced by beta cells

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8
Q

The major hormone produced by the corpus luteum is

A

Progesterone

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9
Q

Human chorionic gonadotropin is produced by the

A

Placenta

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10
Q

Thymosin is a hormone that plays a role in

A

Immunity

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11
Q

What hormone contains four atoms of iodine

A

Thyroxine

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12
Q

The pineal gland secretes

A

Melatonin

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13
Q

This hormone stimulates other endocrine glands to grow or secrete their hormone

A

Tropic hormone

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14
Q

These have receptor sites for specific hormone

A

Target cells

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15
Q

Hormones that move into the cells and bind with receptors In the nucleus

A

Steroid hormone

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16
Q

Hormones that require second messenger to cause a response in the cells

A

Non steroid hormone

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17
Q

These act as “ local hormones”

A

Prostaglandin

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18
Q

Secreted by the corpus luteum

A

Progesterone

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19
Q

Stimulates the release of glucocorticoids and mineralcorticoids

A

Anderncorticotropic hormone

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20
Q

Promotes growth

A

Somatotropin

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21
Q

Stimulates development of ovarian follicle

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

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22
Q

Causes water retention

A

Antidiuretic hormone

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23
Q

Causes muscle contraction of the uterus

A

Oxytocin

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24
Q

Stimulates the secretion of milk from the breast

A

Lactogenic hormone

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25
Q

Calcium regulating hormone that is made in the thyroid gland

A

Calcitonin

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26
Q

The only important mineralocorticoid hormone in humans

A

Aldosterone

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27
Q

Hormone that is produced by the alpha cells of the pancrease

A

Glucagon

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28
Q

Hormones that contains either three or four iodine atoms

A

Thyroid hormone

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29
Q

Hormones that cause an increase in blood calcium levels

A

Parathyroid hormone

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30
Q

Hormones that lower the concentration of glucose in blood

A

Insulin

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31
Q

Hormones that is made by fetal tissue component of the placenta

A

Human chorionic gonadotropin

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32
Q

Hormone that is chief glucocorticoid released by the adrenal gland

A

Cortisol

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33
Q 
Which of the following is not one of the main chemical  classes of neurotransmitters? 
Triglycerides 
Amines
Amino acids
Neuropeptides
A

Triglycerides

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34
Q

Serotonin is an example of an ….

A

Amine neurotransmitter

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35
Q

A lack of this/ these neurotransmitters in the basal ganglia is/are associated with Parkinson’s disease

A

Dopamine

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36
Q

Interneurons reside in the

A

CNS only

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37
Q

White matter of the CNS consists of

A

Myelinated nerve fibres

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38
Q

Astrocytes attach to

A

Neurons and blood vessels

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39
Q

One of the components of the blood brain barrier is

A

Astrocytes

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40
Q

What statement does not apply to ependymal cells?
They form the sheets of cells that line fluid filled cavities in the brain
They make up part of the blood brain barrier
They produce fluid that fills the cavities in the brain
They have cilia to move fluid in the brain

A

They make up the blood brain barrier

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41
Q

The fastest nerve fibres in the body can conduct an impulse that is how much faster than the slowest fibres in the body

A

Almost 300 times faster

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42
Q

Preparing the body for flight or fight describes the function of the

A

Sympathetic NS

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43
Q

Have the capability of phagocytes

A

Microgila

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44
Q

Help form the blood brain barrier

A

Astrocytes

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45
Q

Type of neuroglia that forms neurilemma

A

Schwann cell

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46
Q

Resemble epithelial cells and line fluid filled cavities in the brain and spinal cord

A

Ependymal cells

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47
Q

Produce the myelin sheath around nerve fibres in the CNS

A

Oligodendrocytes

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48
Q

Consists of the brain and spinal cord

A

CNS

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49
Q

Consists of nerves that lie periphery of the nervous system

A

PNS

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50
Q

Consists of all incoming sensory pathways

A

Afferent division

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51
Q

Fight or flight response

A

Sympathetic division

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52
Q

Subdivision that carries info from the CNS to skeletal muscle

A

Somatic nervous system

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53
Q

Subdivision of the efferent division that transmits info to smooth muscle , cardiac muscle and glands

A

Autonomic nervous system

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54
Q

Consists of all outgoing motor pathways

A

Efferent division

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55
Q

Sometimes called the rest and repair division

A

Parasympathetic division

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56
Q

Dendrites carry impulses to this structure and axons carry impulses away from this structure

A

Cell body

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57
Q

Typically this is a branching part of the neuron

A

Dendrite

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58
Q

These neurones have one axon and one highly branched dendrite

A

Bipolar neuron

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59
Q

There neurones have one axon but many dendrites

A

Multipolar neuron

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60
Q

Single long extension of a neuron

A

Axon

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61
Q

These are at the end of the neuron and contain vesicles that contain neurotransmitters

A

Synaptic knob

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62
Q

Axons usually extend from this tapered portion of the cell body

A

Hillock

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63
Q

Type of synapse that occur when two cells are joined by a gap junction

A

Electrical synapse

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64
Q

Space between the presynaptic and postsynaptic cells

A

Synaptic cleft

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65
Q

Tiny bulge at the end of a presynaptic cleft

A

Synaptic knob

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66
Q

Cells that release the neurotransmitter

A

Presynaptic cell

67
Q

Chemical that carries a nerve impulse across the synaptic cleft

A

Neurotransmitter

68
Q

Type of cell that could be a neuron or a muscle cell

A

Postsynaptic cell

69
Q

Type of synapse in which the signal from the presynaptic to postsynaptic cell is carried by the neurotransmitter

A

Chemical synapses

70
Q

The somatic sense enable us to detect sensation such as

A

Pain touch temp

71
Q

Intense stimuli of any type that results in tissue damage will activate

A

Nociceptors

72
Q

Chemoreceptors are most likely to be activated by

A

Noxious odours

73
Q 
Free nerve ending response to all of the following except 
Tickling 
Itching 
Strength of muscle contraction 
Pain
A

Strength of muscle contraction.

74
Q

Which of the following receptors are the most common and widely distributed receptors

A

Free nerve ending

75
Q

The olfactory tract carries impulses associated with

A

Smell

76
Q

Both olfactory receptors and taste buds are

A

Chemoreceptors

77
Q

The auditory ossicle include the

A

Malleus
Incus
Stapes

78
Q

The organ of Corti is located in the

A

Cochlear duct

79
Q

Movement of hair cells in the organ of Corti against the _____ membrane can stimulate nerve impulse condition

A

Tectorial

80
Q

The tympanic membrane …

A

Is at the end of the external auditory meatus

81
Q

Impulses are transmitted from the inner eat to the brainstorm by way of the

A

Cochlear nerve

82
Q

The sense organs responsible for static equilibrium are located In The

A

Utricle and saccule

83
Q

The function of the lacrimal apparatus is to

A

Secrete tears

84
Q

Which of the following is not one of the things that must happen for near vision to occur

A

Contraction of the superior rectus muscle

85
Q

Baroreceptors are what type of receptors

A

Mechanoreceptors

86
Q

The accessory organs of the male reproductive system include

A

Vasa deferentia
Urethra
Testes

87
Q

Which is not true regarding the male reproductive system
Each testis is 4-5 cm long
Each testis weighs about 10-15 grams
They are surrounded by a tough fibrous capsule called the rete testis

A

They are surrounded

88
Q

The efferent ductules

A

Drain the rete testis

89
Q

Which structure divides the testes into lobules

A

Tunica albuginea

90
Q

The dense white fibrous capsule that encases each testis is called the

A

Tunica albuginea

91
Q

In make LH

A

Stimulates the interstitial cells to increase their secretion of testosterone

92
Q

The tightly coiled tube of epididymis measures

A

L

93
Q

Mechanical support and protection for developing germ cell in the testis are produced by the

A

Sertoil cells

94
Q 
Each of the following is a duct in the male reproductive system except 
Vas deferens
Urethra 
Epididymis 
Inguinal canal
A

Inguinal canal

95
Q

The male gland that secretes a fructose sugar used as energy source for sperm is the

A

Seminal vesicle

96
Q

Which of the following statements is not true about the fluid produced by the seminal vesicles
It contains prostaglandin
It is alkaline and viscous
It contains glucose as an energy source for sperm cells

A

It contains glucose as an energy source for sperm cells

97
Q

Functional sterility results when sperm count per millilitre falls below which number

A

25 million

98
Q

The male perineum extends from the pubis anteriorly to what structure posteriorly

A

Coccyx

99
Q

What reproductive duct is divided into the head body and tail

A

Epididymis

100
Q

What reproductive duct has a tick muscular walls and can be palpated in the scrotal sac as a smooth movable cord

A

Vas deferens

101
Q

The function of the acrosome is

A

To release an enzyme to break down the cervical mucus

102
Q

The head of the sperm is called

A

Has 23 chromosomes

103
Q

Tightly coiled tube shaped roughly like a comma, in which sperm mature and develop for one to three weeks

A

Epididymis

104
Q

Male sex hormone that produced by interstitial cells in the testes

A

Testosterone

105
Q

Gland located below the bladder; secretion from this gland helps activate sperm and helps them maintain motility

A

Prostate

106
Q

Elongated cells to which spermatids become attached. Also called Sertoli cells

A

sustentacular cells

107
Q

A dense white fibrous capsule that encases each testis and divides the testes into lobules

A

Tunica albuginea

108
Q

Another name for Cowper gland

A

Bulbourethral

109
Q

Male gonads

A

Testes

110
Q

Structure is made up of three cylindrical masses of erectile tissue; contains the urethra

A

Penis

111
Q

Hormone that inhibits the production of FSH

A

Inhibin

112
Q

Skin covered pouch containing the testes

A

Scrotum

113
Q

The male reproductive cell

A

Spermatozoon

114
Q

The scrotum and penis reproductive organs

A

External genitalia

115
Q

Production of sperm cells

A

Spermatogenesis

116
Q 
Which of the following is not an accessory sex organ of the female reproductive system 
Ovary
Vagina 
Fallopian tube
Mammary gland
A

Ovary

117
Q

Which of the following structures are considered the external reproductive organs of the female
Vulva
Uterine tubes
Vagina

A

Vulva and vagina

118
Q

The layer that is incomplete because it covers none of the cervix and only perfect body is called

A

Parietal peritoneum

119
Q 
Which of the following is not a division of the uterine tubes?
Isthmus
Fundus
Ampulla
Infundibulum
A

Fundus

120
Q

The funnel shaped open-ended portion of the oviduct is called

A

Infundibulum

121
Q 
It to the following structures as part of the Vulva except
Mons pubis
Labia majora 
Perineum
Clitoris
A

Perineum

122
Q

The greater vestibular glands are also called

A

Bartholin gland

123
Q

Salpingitis Is inflammation of the

A

Fallopian tubes

124
Q

The division of the uterine tube that has an outer margi that resembles a fringe is called the

A

Infundibulum

125
Q

The structure appears in the final stage in the process of ovarian follicle development

A

Corpus albicans

126
Q

Which of the following is not sure about the vagina?
We can act as a receptacle for a seminal fluid from the male
It serves as the lower part of the birth canal
Is it it is a passageway for urine
It acts as an excretory duct for uterine secretions

A

It is a passageway for urine

127
Q

The phase of the menstrual cycle that occurs between expulsion of the ovum and the onset of menses is the

A

Luteal phase

128
Q

The hormone that causes the follicle to rupture and the egg to be expelled is

A

Luteinizing hormone

129
Q 
Which of the following is not a synonym for the premenstrual phase? 
Post Ovulation phase 
Luteal phase
Secretory phase
Estrogen phase
A

Estrogen phase

130
Q

What is the name of the so-called ovulating hormone

A

Luteinizing hormone

131
Q

Shortly before menstruation

A

Blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease

132
Q

Which of the following does not contribute to the increase in the thickness of the endometrium during the endometrial Growth of the endometrium
Fluid retention in the endometrium
Endometrium growth

A

All of the above

133
Q

Which of the following organs is not considered part of the duct system of the female reproductive system
Vagina
Uterine tubes
Uterus
All of the above are considered part of the duct system

A

All of the above

134
Q

Which of the following structures is not in the urogenital of the perineum
Cervix
Labia
Urinary opening

A

Cervix

135
Q 
Which of the following is not a function of the ovary
It produces estrogen
It produces ova
It produces follicle-stimulating hormone
All of the above
A

It produces follicle-stimulating hormone

136
Q

Which hormone is not secreted by the corpus lets im

A

Inhibit

137
Q

External genitalia in the female

A

Vulva

138
Q

Accessory organs of the reproduction in the female hollow muscular organ in which a fertilized egg implants and develops

A

Uterus

139
Q

Monthly shedding of the outer layer of the endometrium

A

Menstruation

140
Q

Innermost lining of the uterus a mucous membrane

A

Endometrium

141
Q

One of a pair of tubes that conduct ova from the ovary to the uterus called the fallopian tube

A

Uterine tube

142
Q

The yellow body for granulose fills with antrum of the egg follicle

A

Corpus luteum

143
Q

A thick middle layer of the uterus composed of smooth muscle

A

Myometrium

144
Q

A 3 inch long tube that is situated between the rectum and the urethra and bladder

A

Vagina

145
Q

Essential organ of reproduction in the female produces ova

A

Ovary

146
Q

Secretion of milk for nourishment of newborn infant

A

Lactation

147
Q

Release of ovum into pelvic cavity

A

Ovulation

148
Q

Permanent termination of the menstrual cycle activity

A

Menopause

149
Q

Helps maintain proper conditions for pregnancy

A

Progesterone

150
Q

Stimulate the development of female sex Characteristics

A

Estrogen

151
Q

Triggers ovulation and promotes the development of corpus luteum

A

LH

152
Q

Promotes the development of ovarian follicle

A

FSH

153
Q

Hormone that stimulates the secretion of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary gland

A

GnRH

154
Q

Stimulates the secretion of estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy

A

Human chorionic gonadotropin

155
Q

Inhibits uterine contractions during pregnancy and soften pelvic joints to facilitate childbirth

A

Relaxin

156
Q

Prevents the production of FSH in anterior pituitary gland

A

Inhibin

157
Q

The second stage of labor is

A

The process of explanation of the placenta through the vagina

158
Q

In most cases stages to a labor last from

A

6-24 hours

159
Q

Identical twins result from

A

The splitting of the embryonic tissue from the same zygote early in developments
The intercell mass divided into two masses during the blastocyte stage of development

160
Q

The first stage of labor is

A

. From the onset of contractions until dilation of the cervix is complete

161
Q

If a creature has 36 chromosomes and it’s normal body cells it’s gametes would contain

A

18 chromosomes

162
Q

If the creature has 36 chromosomes in his normal body so the zygote of the creature would contain

A

36 chromosomes

163
Q

Only about what percent of sperm deposit in the female reproductive tract actually reaches the ovum

A

Less than 0.1%

164
Q

A term used for fertilize ovum is

A

Zygote

A & P (3 decks)

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