Test 3 Flashcards
Ethnocentrism
is judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one’s own culture.
Sign
Anything that communicates information
Grammar and Syntax
A system of elements and rules for language
Melanin
melanin is the primary determinant of skin colour.
Racism
is usually defined as views, practices and actions reflecting the belief that humanity is divided into distinct biological groups called races and that members of a certain race share certain attributes which make that group as a whole less desirable, more desirable, inferior or superior
Nationalism
a form of patriotism based upon the identification of a group of individuals with a nation
Two-spirit people
native american multi gender role
Gender stratification
a society’s unequal distribution of wealth, power and privilege between the two sexes
Kalash Valley
culture of Kalash people is unique and differs completely from the various ethnic groups surrounding them in Pakistan
Sherry Ortner
Nature conflicts with culture. Men are culture, women are nature, nature needs to be controlled
Myth
Stories that can be religious or secular
Guide for dealing with problems
Explanations of things that are not fully understood
Ritual
Performed or active
Repetitive social practice
DIfferent than everyday life
Associated with myth
Rituals of inversion
Where the standards of everyday society are inverted and/or suspended, otherwise solid social codes are ignored. Two examples include Carnival and Halloween
liminal state
characterized by ambiguity, openness, and indeterminacy
Avoidance relationship
Avoidance relationships usually involve persons of opposite sexes who have a specific kin relationship to one another
Joking relationship
relationship between two individuals or groups that allows or requires unusually free verbal or physical interaction
Bilateral Kinship
which the relatives on the mother’s side and father’s side are equally important for emotional ties or for transfer of property or wealth
Unilateral Kinship
line of descent traced through one side of the family
Capitalism
an economic system that is based on private ownership of the means of production and the creation of goods or services for profit
Ethnicity
relates to cultural factors such as nationality, culture, ancestry, language and beliefs.
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
Linguistic relativity - A language shapes the concepts and world view of the people
Symbol
Anything that stands for something else
Exogamy
social arrangement where marriage is allowed only outside of a social group
Endogamy
the practice of marrying within a specific ethnic group, class, or social group
Polyandry
a form of polygamy whereby a woman takes two or more husbands at the same time
Cultural relativism
Boas first articulated the idea in 1887: “…civilization is not something absolute, but … is relative, and … our ideas and conceptions are true only so far as our civilization goes.”
Franz Boas
a German-American anthropologist and a pioneer of modern anthropology who has been called the “Father of American Anthropology”[3][4] and “the Father of Modern Anthropology”
Hijara
A third gender in Pakistan and india
Purdah
is the practice of concealing women from men.
Race
An outdated means of classifying humans. Previously determined by physical traits such as skin color. Now is ambiguous and bears little meaning
Modernity
typically refers to an historical era, roughly defined as a post-traditional or[clarification needed] post-medieval period beginning Renaissance (ca. 14th–17th Centuries), characterized by a move from feudalism (or agrarianism) toward capitalism
Colonialism
the establishment, exploitation, maintenance, acquisition and expansion of colonies in one territory by people from another territory
Globalization
the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture.
Dialects
used in two distinct ways, even by linguists. One usage refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language’s speakers.[1] The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class.
Digital divide
is an inequality between groups, broadly construed, in terms of access to, use of, or knowledge of information and communication technologies
