More Genetics & Evolution

Question 1

Cline

Answer 1

The gradual integradation of genetic variation from population to population

Question 2

Natural selection

Answer 2

A two step mechanism explanation of how descent with modification takes place.

Question 3

Mutation

Answer 3

The creation of a new allele fro a gene when the portion of the DNA molecule to which it corresponds is suddenly altered

Question 4

Gene flow

Answer 4

The exchange of genes that occurs when a given population experiences a sudden expansion due to in-migration of outsiders from anther population of the species

Question 5

Genetic drift

Answer 5

Random changes in gene frequencies from one generation to the next due to a sudden reduction in population size as a result of disaster, disease, or the out-migration of a small subgroup from a larger population

Question 6

Plasticity

Answer 6

Physiological flexibility that allows organisms to respond to environmental stresses such as temperature changes

Question 7

Adaptation

Answer 7

1- Mutual shaping of organisms and their environments. 2-The shaping of useful features of an organism by natural selection for the function they now perform

Question 8

Acclimatization

Answer 8

A change in the way the body functions in response to physical stress

Question 9

Ana-genesis

Answer 9

The slow, gradual transformation of a single species over time

Question 10

Phyletic gradualism

Answer 10

A theory arguing that one species gradually transforms itself into a new species over time, yet the actual boundry between species can never be detected and can only be drawn arbitrarily

Question 11

Cladogenisis

Answer 11

The birth of a variety of descendant species form a single ancestral species

Question 12

Taxon

Answer 12

Each species, as well as each group of related species, at any level in a taxonomic hierarchy

Question 13

Morphology

Answer 13

They physical shape and size of an organism or its body parts

Question 14

Homology

Answer 14

Genetic inheritance due to common ancestry

Question 15

Analogy

Answer 15

Convergent or parallel, evolution, as when two species with very different evolutionary histories develop similar physical features as a result of adapting to a similar environment

Question 16

Ecological Niche

Answer 16

Any species way of life what it eats and how it finds mates, raises its young, relates to and protects itself from predators

Question 17

Dentition

Answer 17

The sizes, shapes and number of an animals teeth

Question 18

Prehensile

Answer 18

The ability to grasp, with fingers, toes, or tail

Question 19

Diurnal

Answer 19

Describes animals that are active during the day

Question 20

Hominid

Answer 20

Bipedal hominoid, the most advanced grade of primate evolution, which includes humans and near-humans, such as the Australopithecus

Question 21

Sexual dimorphism

Answer 21

The observable phenotypic differences between males and females of the same species