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Psych 242 > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Emerging Adulthood

A

period between late teens and mid- to late 20s when individuals are not adolescents but are not yet fully adults

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2
Q

Rites of Passage

A

rituals marking initiation into adulthood

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3
Q

Role Transitions

A

movement into the next stage of development marked by assumption of new responsibilities and duties

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4
Q

Edgework

A

the desire to live life more on the edge through physically and emotionally threatening situations on the boundary between life and death

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5
Q

Intimacy versus Isolation

A

sixth stage in Erikson’s theory and the major psychosocial task for emerging adults

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6
Q

Binge Drinking

A

pattern of drinking that brings a person’s blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to 0.08 g/dl or above, which typically happens when men consume 5 or more drinks or women consume 4 or more drinks in about 2 hours

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7
Q

Addiction

A

the fact or condition of being addicted to a particular substance, thing, or activity:

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8
Q

Metabolism

A

how much energy the body needs

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9
Q

Multidimensional

A

characteristic of theories of intelligence that identify several types of intellectual abilities

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10
Q

Multidirectionality

A

developmental pattern in which some aspects of intelligence improve and other aspects decline

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11
Q

Interindividual Variability

A

patterns of change that vary from one person to another

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12
Q

Plasticity

A

concept that intellectual abilities are not fixed, but can be modified under the right conditions at just about any point in adulthood

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13
Q

Primary Mental Abilities

A

Primary mental abilities refer to seven basic cognitive capacities. These seven factors, or primary mental abilities, are: Word fluency, Verbal comprehension, Spatial visualization, Number facility, Associative memory, Reasoning, and Perceptual speed.

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14
Q

Secondary Mental Abilities

A

secondary mental abilities include acquisition, organization, storage, and retrieval

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15
Q

Postformal Thought

A

thinking characterized by recognizing that the correct answer varies from one situation to another, that solutions should be realistic, that ambiguity and contradiction are typical, that subjective factors play a role in thinking, and principled thinking eventually results from careful analysis

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16
Q

Reflective Judgement

A

way adults reason through real-life dilemmas

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17
Q

Life-span construct

A

unified sense of the past, present, and future based on personal experience and input from other people

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18
Q

Social Clock

A

tagging future events with a particular time or age by which they are to be completed

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19
Q

Possible Selves

A

representations of what we could become, what we would like to become, and what we are afraid of becoming

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20
Q

Personal Control beliefs

A

the degree to which you believe your performance in a situation depends on something you do

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21
Q

Abusive Relationship

A

Relationships in which one person becomes aggressive toward the partner

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22
Q

Battered Woman Syndrome

A

Situation occurring when a spouse or partner believes that they cannot leave the abusive situation and may even go so far as to kill their abuser

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23
Q

Cohabitation

A

People in committed, intimate, sexual relationships who live together but are not married

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24
Q

Marital Success

A

Umbrella term referring to any marital outcome

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25
Marital Quality
subjective evaluation of the couple’s relationship on a number of different dimensions
26
Homogamy
similarity of values and interests
27
Exchange Theory
relationship, such as marriage, based on each partner contributing something to the relationship that the other would be hard pressed to provide
28
Nuclear Family
Most common form of family in Western societies, consisting only of parent(s) and child(ren)
29
Extended Family
Most common form of family around the world; one in which grandparents and other relatives live with parents and children
30
Collaborative Divorce
Voluntary, contractually based alternative dispute resolution process for couples who want to negotiate a resolution of their situation rather than have a ruling imposed on them by a court or an arbitrator
31
Reality Shock
situation in which what you learn in the classroom does not always transfer directly into the “real world” and does not represent all you need to know
32
Mentor or Executive Coach
individual who helps a person focus on their goals, motivations, and aspirations to help them achieve focus and apply them appropriately
33
Job Satisfaction
positive feeling that results from an appraisal of one’s work
34
Alienation
situation in which workers feel what they are doing is meaningless and their efforts are devalued, or when they do not see the connection between what they do and the final product
35
Burnout
a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress
36
Passion
a strong inclination toward an activity that individuals like (or even love), that they value (and thus find important), and in which they invest time and energy
37
Gender Discrimination
denying a job to someone solely on the basis of the person’s gender
38
Glass Ceiling
the level to which women may rise in an organization but beyond which they may not go
39
Age Discrimination
denying a job or a promotion to a person solely on the basis of age
40
Backup Care
emergency care for dependent children or adults so the employee does not need to lose a day of work
41
Work-Family Conflict
the feeling of being pulled in multiple directions by incompatible demands from job and family
42
Wear-and-Tear Disease
Osteoarthritis
43
Climacteric
Biological process during which women pass from their reproductive to nonreproductive years.
44
Menopause
Point at which menstruation stops, and is officially diagnosed after periods have stopped for 12 consecutive months
45
Stress and Coping Paradigm
Framework that views stress not as an environmental stimulus or as a response, but as the interaction of a thinking person and an event
46
Coping skills
Attempt to deal with stressful events
47
PTSD
An anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to a terrifying event or ordeal in which grave physical harm occurred or was threatened
48
Aerobic Exercise
Exercise that places moderate stress on the heart by maintaining a pulse rate between 60% and 90% of a person’s maximum heart rate
49
Practical Intelligence
Broad range of skills related to how individuals shape, select, or adapt to their physical and social environments
50
Neuroticism
Personality trait dimension associated with the tendency to be anxious, hostile, self-conscious, depressed, impulsive, and vulnerable.
51
Extraversion
Personality trait dimension associated with the tendency to thrive on social interaction, to like to talk, to take charge easily, to readily express opinions and feelings, to keep busy, to have boundless energy, and to prefer stimulating and challenging environments
52
Openness to Experience
Personality dimension that reflects a tendency to have a vivid imagination and dream life, an appreciation of art, and a strong desire to try anything once
53
Agreeableness
Dimension of personality associated with being accepting, willing to work with others, and caring
54
Conscientiousness
Dimension of personality in which people tend to be hard-working, ambitious, energetic, scrupulous, and persevering
55
Personality Adjustment
Developmental changes in terms of their adaptive value and functionality such as whether one can function effectively within society and how personality contributes to everyday life running smoothly
56
Personality Growth
Form of personality that refers to ideal end states such as increased self-transcendence, wisdom, and integrity
57
Generativity
In Erikson’s theory, being productive by helping others to ensure the continuation of society by guiding the next generation
58
Stagnation
In Erikson’s theory, the state in which people are unable to deal with the needs of their children or to provide mentoring to younger adults
59
Narrative
Way in which a person derives personal meaning from being generative by constructing a life story, which helps create the person’s identity
60
Midlife Correction
Reevaluating one’s roles and dreams and making the necessary correction
61
Kinkeeper
Person who gathers family members together across generations for celebrations and keeps them in touch with each other, usually a middle-aged mother
62
Sandwich Generation
Middle-aged adults who are caught between the competing demands of two generations: their children their own aging parents
63
Filial Obligation
Sense of obligation to care for one’s parents if necessary

Psych 242 (3 decks)

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