test 3 Flashcards
is road injuries more common in low or high income countries
higher
high unintentional injuries in US
most- poisoning
falls
MVC
MVC risk factots
visual- eyes off
manual- hands off
cognitive- mind off
WHO global plan for road safety
- Multimodal transport and land use planning
- safe road infrastructure
- safe vehicles
- safe road use
- post crash response
violence
physical force used to violate, damage, or abuse others or oneself
types of intentional violence
self inflicted
interpersonal
collective violence
data sources for MVC
departments of public healths
MVC reports
police reports
death certificates and autopsy
national violent death reporting system
risk factors for child maltreatment
children under 4
special needs children
parenteral history of abuse
substance abuse/mental health issues of parents
socioeconomics
nonbiological caregiver in home
stress
intimate partner violence
violence that occurs between 2 people in an intimate relationship
types of IPV
physical violence
sexual violence
psych/emotional violence
threats
risk factors for violence against women
young age
unmarried
uninsured
low income
history of maltreatment
alcohol use
mental health issue/low self esteem
risk factors for burn injuries
children and women- cooking
substance use
psych disorder
environment
prevention of burn injuries
primary: environmental measures in the home and behavioral changes
secondary: what to do in event of fire- stop, drop, roll
tertiary- improved treatment has led to a worldwide decline in fire related mortality
drowning risk factors
increased risk for children and older adults
being near water
alcohol
lack of supervision
lack of ability to swim
drowning prevention
primary- barriers, supervision, learning to swim, life jacket use, no alcohol
secondary- CPR
Fall risk
highest risk in children and adults
environment- furniture, playground, windows
social- age, socioeconomics
development level
prevention of falls
supervision
stair and window guards
product regulation
risk factors for unintentional poisoning
most childhood poisonings occur in the home
most common in children under 6, then adults, then teens
cosmetics and personal care products
lead based paint
co2
meds/chemicals
vulnerable populations
based on race, ethnicity, age, gender, history of incarceration, socioeconomic status, exposure to violence and war, lack of permanent residence
health equity
optimal health as a basic human right
health inequity
avoidable gaps in health outcomes
marginalization
a social process through which a person/group is on the periphery of society based on identity, associations, experiences, or environment.
determinants of vulnerability
marginalization
discrimination
stigma
what does socioeconomics look at
income, education and occupation
poverty guidelines
determining who is eligible for federal programs aimed at aiding those living in poverty
US poverty index threshold. This depends on how many people in family. These guidelines are updated every year
homelessness health
excessive disease burden
shorter life expectancy
limited access to health care
more health care resources when they do receive care
refugee
outside home country and unable or unwilling to return due to persecution
migrant
moves from place to place following seasonal job, usually in a country not of their own
health disparity
if a health outcome occurs to a greater or lesser extent among populations
when does health marginalization occur
when a person/group is treated as insignificant or peripheral
social determinants of health categories
economic stability
education access and equity
health care access and quality
neighborhood and built environment
social and community context
social capital
resources available to individuals and communities based on membership in social networks
social justice
refers to fairness within society including access to resources and equal rights
asylee
a person not from the US who is here and is applying for asylum, they may be unable or unwilling to return to their own country.
migrant workers vulnerability
increased risk for exploitation because of limited social protection
inequalities in the labor market
increased risk for human trafficking
common disease in refugee camps
measels
who is considered vulnerable populations
incarcerated populations
homelessness
poverty
migrants/refugees
mental health assessments
screenings and scales
number one cause of preventable deaths in US
tobacco use
accounts for 7 millions deaths/year globally
declining in US, vaping is increasing
surgeon general report and tobacco
cigarettes are linked with lung cancer and heart disease
also causes laryngeal cancer, chronic bronchitis
1965 ciggerates
warning labels needed on cigarettes
public indoor smoking ban
stigma in mental health
defined as a mark of disgrace or reproach.
can be a barrier to treatment
affordable care act
accepted treatments of mental illness. This increased insurance coverage and enhances access to affordable healthcare services
risk factors for mental health issues
family history
traumatic events
in utero exposure
cerebral injury
socioeconomics
individual behavior
substance use and opioids
more than 100k people in 2021 in US died of opiod OD
OD death percentage is rising
food insecurity
ask if they ran out of food in past 12 months or worried that you’d run out and couldn’t afford more
structural violence
a form of violence wherein some social structure or social institution may harm people by preventing them from meeting their basic needs or rights.
violence against women act
creates and supports comprehensive, cost-effective responses to domestic violence, sexual assault, dating violence and stalking.
helps with safety
homelessness trends
increasing
