test 3 Flashcards
chapters 3,4,5,6,and 7
When did childbirth become professionalized?
20th Century
birth stages
cervix dilation, emergence of baby, umbilical cord and placenta
Apgar scores are conducted…
1 minute and 5 minutes after birth
Reflexes are a good way to assess a newborn’s health because
they are a marker of neurological organization
In the 1st year the child grows….
dramatically
reflexes are signs of
the neurological status of the baby
experiences with environments can impact infant brains….
positively and/or negatively
1st sense to develop
Touch
Senses developed in the womb (list)
smell, taste, hearing
least developed sense at birth…
vision
SIDS
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
psychometric tests measure…
intelligence
when can infants understand their own name?
around 4 1/2 months
how do babies develop schema?
through their senses, sensory experiences
fine and gross motor skills develop…
at the same time
how much of what babies eat goes to their brain development?
60%
when does the social smile develop?
2-3 months
when does spontaneous laughter start?
4 months
when can infants distinguish emotions of others?
4-6 months
when does stranger anxiety start?
5-6 months
when does object permanence develop?
7-10 months
when can infants regulate their emotions?
11-12 months
what do routines teach a baby?
what they can expect from their parents and from the day
what are the temperaments of babies?
easy, difficult, slow to warm, and uncategorized
what percentage of babies are easy
40%
basic brain cells
neurons
how are infants’ intelligence shown?
by comparing them to other infants in their age group
two types of memories
explict and implicit
by 6months, babies babbling should sound like…
their native language(s)
characteristics of infant-directed speech
high-pitch, short sentences, singy voice
when do the first 4 sensorimotor stages happen?
1st year of life
stages of siegler’s theory
encoding, automaticity, strategy, construction
acronym for how babies should sleep
Alone on their Back in a Crib
screentime for infants
0
exposure to screentime during 1st year can lead to…
sensory issues and delayed development
SIDS reducer
Finnish baby box
at what point in infancy does the birth weight double?
4-8 months
febrile seizures
6 months - 6 years
when does the slower growth stage start?
8-12 months
Goodness of Fit
does the baby fit the environment
soft spot on the infant’s head
fontanelle
“without oxygen”
Hypoxia
when is a baby considered preterm?
born before 37 weeks
when is electronic fetal monitoring used?
to identify a fetus with a slowing heart rate
a baby less than one month old is called..
a neonate
how much does a preterm baby weigh?
less than 5.5 pounds
5 of the 10 reflexes at birth
rooting, sucking, Moro, grasp, closing eyes
fine motor skills involve
small muscles and hand-eye cooridination
the process of eliminating excess brain cells for efficent functioning
pruning
what two organs are part of the central nervous system?
brain and spinal cord
apparatus to test infants’ depth perception
visual cliff
what does the information processing theory/approach focus on?
learning and memory processes, the child develops through experiences
Bayley scales assess…
infants’ mental and motor development
babbling, cooing, crying are all part of the
prelingustic period
a form of learning where response decreases with stimulus familiarity
habituation
inital instinctive responses in infants…
simple reflexes
intentional actions to achieve desired outcomes
primary circular reactions
repeating actions for pleasure or goals
secondary circular reactions
a child’s biologically based style of approaching and reacting to situations
temperament
Erikson’s crises at this time
trust vs. mistrust and autonomy vs. shame and doubt
the process of infants and toddlers observing caregiver’ reactions to determine how they respond
social referencing
