Test 3

Question 1

2 types of sex hormones

Answer 1

testosterone and estrogen

Question 2

testosterone

Answer 2

male sex hormone

Question 3

estrogen

Answer 3

female sex hormone

Question 4

experimental drug use

Answer 4

short-term use based on curiosity

Question 5

social drug use

Answer 5

use during social activities with one or more friends

Question 6

medicinal drug use

Answer 6

to relieve unpleasant emotional state such as sadness or anxiety

Question 7

addictive drug

Answer 7

a substance that causes physiological or psychological dependence

Question 8

hypothetical-deductive reasoning

Answer 8

creating a hypothesis and deducing its implications

Question 9

imaginary audience

Answer 9

adolescents’ belief that they are the focus of everyone else’s attention and concern

Question 10

self-concept

Answer 10

all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in an answer to the question, “who am i”

Question 11

self-esteem

Answer 11

one’s feelings of high or low self-worth

Question 12

Kohberg’s Stages of Moral Reasoning

Answer 12

pre-conventional, conventional, post-conventional

Question 13

preconventional morality

Answer 13

first level of Kholberg’s stages of moral development in which the child’s behavior is governed by the consequences of the behavior

Question 14

conventional morality

Answer 14

second level of khlberg’s stages of moral development in which the child’s behavior is governed by conforming to the society’s norms of behavior.

Question 15

postconventional morality

Answer 15

third level of kohlberg’s stages of moral development in which the person’s behavior is governed by moral principles that have been decided on by the individual and that may be in disagreement with accepted social norms.

Question 16

Jensen Cultural developmental model

Answer 16

a theory that attempts to explain the differences in cognitive abilities observed among individuals and groups, particularly focusing on the role of genetics and environmental factors

Question 17

ethic of autonomy

Answer 17

moral reasoning that emphasizes individual rights and justice. Individual choices and freedoms are important to the extent that they do not harm others and others’ choices and freedoms

Question 18

ethic of community

Answer 18

moral reasoning that emphasizes interpersonal relationships and community. One’s duties obligations, and roles within the group are highlighted.

Question 19

ethic of divinity

Answer 19

moral reasoning that emphasizes the centrality of religious beliefs and spirituality

Question 20

parent-adolescent conflict

Answer 20

increases in early adolescence but does not reach the tumultuous proportions
remains somewhat stable during the high school years
lessens as the adolescent reaches 17-20 years of age.

Question 21

importance of peer relationships

Answer 21

-the peer group helps children learn about concepts of fairness, reciprocity, and cooperation
-Learn to manage interpersonal aggression
-Cultural norms and values
-Greatly affects self-concept and future interactions

Question 22

permissive sexual socialization

Answer 22

Highly continuous transition in which adolescents seek privacy to engage in sex play under the approval of the parents. It is perfectly normal for children to openly masturbate and imitate adult sexual intercourse.

Question 23

teenage criminal

Answer 23

juvenile delinquent

Question 24

causes of emerging adulthood

Answer 24

Emerging adulthood is the period between the late teens and early twenties, typically ranging from 18 to 29 years old (though some definitions extend to 25).

Question 25

cultural differences in emerging adulthood

Answer 25

family dependence, identity, and financial independence

Question 26

foreclosure (marcia)

Answer 26

an adolescent’s premature establishment of an identity based on parental choices rather than his or her own desires

Question 27

moratorium (marcia)

Answer 27

Experimentation with occupational and ideological choices without definite commitment.

Question 28

Diffusion (Marcia)

Answer 28

he or she has not yet made (nor is attempting/willing to make) a commitment, no crisis either

Question 29

Achievement (Marcia)

Answer 29

gone through a identity crisis and has made a commitment

Question 30

assimilated identity

Answer 30

Identifies weakly with ethnic traditions and values; identifies strongly with larger culture’s values, norms.

Question 31

marginalized identity

Answer 31

-adapting to the rapid changes taking place in their own culture is proves difficult; similarly, the ways of the global culture seem too different
-results in identity confusion

Question 32

semi-restrictive

Answer 32

sexual activity is frowned upon but abstinence is not enforced

Question 33

restrictive sexual socialization

Answer 33

actively prevents unmarried sex, premium on women’s virginity

Question 34

Political involvement in emerging adulthood

Answer 34

Disconnection towards politics, lack of knowledge, not a priority, vote less.

Question 35

recentering

Answer 35

process that underlies the shift to an adult identity

Question 36

Physical Declines in young Adults

Answer 36

Shifting priorities, poor nutrition and sleep.

Question 37

expertise

Answer 37

specialized skill or technical knowledge; know-how; expertness

Question 38

creativity

Answer 38

the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas

Question 39

Sterberg’s triangular theory

Answer 39

Love is made up of intimacy, passion, and commitment

Question 40

bride price

Answer 40

the required payment by the groom’s family to the bride’s family

Question 41

Dowries

Answer 41

property or money brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage

Question 42

expressive divorce

Answer 42

according to Barbara Whitehead, the type of divorce common in the West today, in which people expect marriage to fulfill their emotional needs for love and intimacy, and they seek a divorce if it ceases to do so

Question 43

parenthood

Answer 43

The state or relationship of being a parent.

Question 44

domestic roles

Answer 44

Tasks performed inside a household in order to ensure that the basic needs of its members are met, such as cooking, cleaning, and taking care of children or older adults and other dependent family members

Question 45

Hollands Personality-based career theory

Answer 45

career counseling that proposes a connection between personality types and suitable career paths